http://davidgibbins.com/journal daily 0.75 2024-02-10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418642691939-73WYY7FGQLHM44L2592T/Tobermory+June+2010+1+modified.jpg Journal http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2024/2/10/lonely-last-resting-place-of-the-pride-and-joy-of-the-navy monthly 0.5 2024-04-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0b909ea6-353c-4919-9b61-7680c815e444/Express+Shipwrecks+1+compressed.jpg Journal - Lonely last resting place of the pride and joy of the Navy - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2024/1/27/royal-anne-galley-orders monthly 0.5 2024-04-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3f3d3d91-f552-45f6-bbe5-d58175fa36d2/RAG+orders+photo+compressed.jpg Journal - ‘Take, Sink, Burn or otherwise destroy them’: orders against pirates for His Majesty’s Ship Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721 - Make it stand out ADM 2/50, The National Archives (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ffcf0f49-2e1c-4230-b49e-1d7bc37fbb83/RAG+Orders+12+September+1721+1+compressed.jpg Journal - ‘Take, Sink, Burn or otherwise destroy them’: orders against pirates for His Majesty’s Ship Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721 - Make it stand out Orders from the Admiralty to Captain Willis of the Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721, first page (ADM 2/50, The National Archives) (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7940b422-feb5-4399-b8fd-02f5c1d5f553/RAG+Orders+12+September+1721+2+2+compressed.jpg Journal - ‘Take, Sink, Burn or otherwise destroy them’: orders against pirates for His Majesty’s Ship Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721 - Make it stand out Orders from the Admiralty to Captain Willis of the Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721, second page (ADM 2/50, The National Archives) (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4596d4c7-6234-4c5c-8348-89c5a2d1ddb8/RAG+Orders+12+September+1721+3+compressed.jpg Journal - ‘Take, Sink, Burn or otherwise destroy them’: orders against pirates for His Majesty’s Ship Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721 - Make it stand out Orders from the Admiralty to Captain Willis of the Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721, third page (ADM 2/50, The National Archives) (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d3628334-ce00-48bd-abc8-a471701846bf/RAG+orders+12+September+1721+5+compressed.jpg Journal - ‘Take, Sink, Burn or otherwise destroy them’: orders against pirates for His Majesty’s Ship Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721 - Make it stand out Orders from the Admiralty to Captain Willis of the Royal Anne Galley, 12 September 1721, fourth page (ADM 2/50, The National Archives) (photo: David Gibbins). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2023/12/16/a-bird-arrow-from-the-rumpa-rebellion-south-east-india-1879-81 monthly 0.5 2023-12-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/267e92d4-0ed4-4c3f-a27d-8c2603524570/Rumpa+Bird+Arrow.jpg Journal - A bird arrow from the Rumpa Rebellion, south India, 1879-81 - Make it stand out A bird arrow from the Rumpa Rebellion. Bamboo, length 70 cm (As1896,-.1184. © Trustees of the British Museum) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/60c56d8b-5d3e-4d46-9933-04f56aa7aa43/Rumpa+bird+arrow+Macdonnell+1890.JPG Journal - A bird arrow from the Rumpa Rebellion, south India, 1879-81 - Make it stand out Journal of the United Services Institution XXV (1882), xxxi. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1fd2b919-3f6d-4d2c-889f-371fc3b89854/UK+Tiger+Warrior+cover+compressed.JPG Journal - A bird arrow from the Rumpa Rebellion, south India, 1879-81 - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2023/8/31/wreckwatch monthly 0.5 2024-01-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693500378226-YTYWA0U5MCRDP53TI30B/Schiedam+wreckwatch+front+page+of+article.jpg Journal - Wreckwatch Magazine - Wreckwatch 3-4 (Winter 2020), 112-117 Wreckwatch 3-4 (Winter 2020), 112-117 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693503425672-PRN56GRAOJXL6AB0EH8H/Wreckwatch+5-6+in+conversation+cover.JPG Journal - Wreckwatch Magazine - Wreckwatch 5-6 (Spring 2021), 145-153 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693500496523-YAX8CHRHXICFN9IW3FN8/David+Gibbins+Wreckwatch+Terranova.jpg Journal - Wreckwatch Magazine - Wreckwatch 11 (Spring 2022), 93 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693500544957-2NZF047Z7LSBJF0A0ZUA/David+Gibbins+Wreckwatch+Frozen+Tobermory.jpg Journal - Wreckwatch Magazine - Wreckwatch 11 (Spring 2022), 94-8 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693500435695-M677HM3HVFKMJUOLTWTZ/David+Gibbins+Molly+Wreckwatch+Getting+Started.jpg Journal - Wreckwatch Magazine - Wreckwatch 11 (Spring 2022), 99 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693500579351-GR5BAEQ8YI9G6TL9HV2D/Crusader+Gold+Wreckwatch+1.JPG Journal - Wreckwatch Magazine - Wreckwatch 11 (Spring 2022), 100-1 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693500107491-ZE89AZI2P18S35FGC5GE/Wreckwatch+2023+issue+Royal+Anne+Galley.jpg Journal - Wreckwatch Magazine - Wreckwatch 13-14 (Sept 2023), 60-67 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693503449737-N8EWFWDREKF0UEXI97XM/Wreckwatch+13-14+Alan+image.JPG Journal - Wreckwatch Magazine - Wreckwatch 13-14 (Sept 2023), 21 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2022/11/26/a-copper-alloy-kettle-tap-from-the-wreck-of-the-royal-anne-1721 monthly 0.5 2024-01-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1affe79e-c066-4f04-a006-864452eb6273/Royal+Anne+tap+2+compressed.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy cooking kettle tap from the wreck of the Royal Anne (1721) - Make it stand out Copper-alloy tap with lead sheath from the wreck of the Royal Anne (1721). Scale 25 cm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7c77892f-aee2-463b-9bea-3c4abfe8660e/Royal+Anne+Ben+tap+2622+compressed.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy cooking kettle tap from the wreck of the Royal Anne (1721) - Make it stand out Ben Dunstan after recovery of the tap, with the site in the background (click on images to enlarge). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d8ddc8ee-29be-45f6-9569-02afc1b097ae/Royal+Anne+22+2.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy cooking kettle tap from the wreck of the Royal Anne (1721) - Make it stand out The gully from which the tap was recovered, showing concreted cannonballs and lead shot. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ce17af38-aacc-409c-b2d3-4987ad70b308/Royal+Anne+tap+1+compressed.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy cooking kettle tap from the wreck of the Royal Anne (1721) - Make it stand out Copper-alloy tap from the wreck of the Royal Anne (1721). Scale 25 cm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/adc05d0e-02f8-4cd3-8833-50d4ac085da8/Royal+Anne+tap+cooking+pot+1690s.JPG Journal - A copper-alloy cooking kettle tap from the wreck of the Royal Anne (1721) - Make it stand out Detail of a ship cross-section of a first-rate ship by the gunner and engineer Thomas Phillips (d. 1693) showing a galley kettle with a tap similar to the Royal Anne example. In 1683 Phillips accompanied Lord Dartmouth to Tangier, at the time when the Schiedam was employed there to remove guns and other material from the harbour during the abandonment of the colony. Samuel Pepys, also there on government business, recorded that Phillips 'views on many topics, including the improvement of navigation skills, the need to study the world's currents, the importance of mathematics in the educational curriculum of children intended for careers at sea, the simplification of the rigging of ships, and the needlessness of discovering the means of calculating longitude, which he believed would only bring about miscarriages at sea.' http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2022/11/17/the-schiedam-1684-piracy-samuel-pepys-and-english-tangier monthly 0.5 2022-11-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0fdad9f6-a6c7-4469-84ed-fcb528f42c29/Schiedam+Wreckwatch+final2+1+f.jpg Journal - The Schiedam (1684): Piracy, Samuel Pepys and English Tangier - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7fffdb91-3d65-4727-979d-2656b7b63dcf/Schiedam+Wreckwatch+final2+2+f.jpg Journal - The Schiedam (1684): Piracy, Samuel Pepys and English Tangier - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/53c629a5-82f8-4251-815a-a5ae3d403e80/Schiedam+Wreckwatch+final2+3+f.jpg Journal - The Schiedam (1684): Piracy, Samuel Pepys and English Tangier - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/71f2b93c-634a-4259-8db5-057b30e36993/Schiedam+Wreckwatch+final2+4+f.jpg Journal - The Schiedam (1684): Piracy, Samuel Pepys and English Tangier - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/11f80884-4cc3-4059-a582-33056c79dce8/Schiedam+Wreckwatch+final2+5+f.jpg Journal - The Schiedam (1684): Piracy, Samuel Pepys and English Tangier - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b3e338cb-f812-4bc9-88cf-b74d8c898591/Schiedam+Wreckwatch+final2+6+f.jpg Journal - The Schiedam (1684): Piracy, Samuel Pepys and English Tangier - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2021/9/16/life-the-defining-enigma-of-biology monthly 0.5 2021-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1631820445614-9FT4LOAWMXDBIDM6CVXV/Gibbins+LN+Life+1.JPG Journal - Life: the defining enigma of biology, by L.N. Gibbins - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2021/9/9/in-conversation-with-david-gibbins-wreckwatch-magazine-interview monthly 0.5 2022-11-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1631204364365-K7TSTMQNXZLM6PQIAMSK/Gibbins+wreckwatch+bio+2021+3.jpg Journal - In conversation with David Gibbins: Wreckwatch magazine interview - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1631204571599-DU6OUZ7VKKC76J2ESSDQ/Gibbins+Wreckwatch+bio+2021+2.jpg Journal - In conversation with David Gibbins: Wreckwatch magazine interview - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1631204690378-PISVZWITUZ2AVAGU48GC/Gibbins+Wreckwatch+bio+2021+1.jpg Journal - In conversation with David Gibbins: Wreckwatch magazine interview - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1631204769284-WXFSYFWYJ3EB52KLBMNO/David+Wreckwatch+under+ice+magazine+cover.JPG Journal - In conversation with David Gibbins: Wreckwatch magazine interview - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2021/4/24/the-bell-of-the-east-indiaman-the-president-wrecked-off-cornwall-england-in-1684 monthly 0.5 2021-05-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620712555896-HZUGKDKISWQ6YOJ9BWGU/The+President+Bell+1+compressed.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out The ship’s bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Loe Bar in Cornwall in 1684. Scale 25 cm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620713190652-HW2BY4SX9YXQT0MSFJVQ/President+Bell+2.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out The ship’s bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Loe Bar in Cornwall in 1684. Scale 25 cm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620719434609-2XASUU5Y8KFD6Y77XK8G/President+Bell+inscription+part+2+final+b+compressed.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out The inscription on the ship’s bell of the President, cast in block letters. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620641200222-4GKFNRN2Y2PIWQ7BBL7O/President+bell+Dartmouth+1.JPG Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 Ship’s bell excavated from HMS Dartmouth (wrecked 1690), in the National Museum of Scotland. Height 43 cm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620642139824-C9WVDY1SMN9UUNTOQF0U/President+Bell+Henrietta+Marie+c.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 Ship’s bell excavated from the Henrietta Marie (wrecked 1700), in the Mel Fisher Maritime Museum. Height 36 cm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620641693967-CQAPF6F1R67GMI0359RW/President+Bell+the+Prince+edited+compressed+b.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 Ship’s bell dated 1675, said to be inscribed THE PRINCE and to be 40 cm high (auctioned in 2016). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1619280994344-XNFFBUSP0BU97YGGJSLJ/President+Collins+map+Scilly+version+edited+final.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 This chart of the Scilly Isles and western Cornwall is a rare first proof of a chart that appeared in Captain Greenvile Collins’ Coasting Pilot, the first systematic survey of the British coastline and the first sea atlas to be published in England from original surveys. Captain Collins, a Royal Navy officer and hydrographer, was appointed to the task in 1681 and completed it seven years later, sailing first in the 8-gun yacht Merlin and then until 1686 in the Monmouth, and ultimately publishing all of his charts as a single two-volume folio in 1693. Prior to that he issued individual charts as he completed them, including this one dated 1686 in the dedicatory cartouche. Certainty that this chart is a first edition is shown by the inclusion to the south-west of the Scilly Isles of ‘King James Banck’, a name altered to ‘Collins Bank’ after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 - in which James II was deposed - and appearing as such in the 1693 atlas. Of great interest here is the label ‘Precedent (sic) Lost’ above Loe Bar on the eastern side of Mount’s Bay. With the President having been wrecked in 1684 and Collins being off Cornwall some time between 1681 and 1686, it is possible that he was in the vicinity when the wreck occurred. His decision to note this particular wreck over others at the time – the Schiedam for example was wrecked in the same year only a short distance away – may have been influenced by his dedication of the chart to ‘The Honourable the Govornor (sic) Deputy Govornor and Committees of the East India Company.’ The location of the ‘Precedent’ continued to appear on later editions of the chart published in the 18th century, and was copied on to charts of the Dutch cartographer van Kuelen including the hand-coloured example shown here in close-up as an insert (1686 chart sold at Bonhams on 27 September 2011; van Kuelen chart in the author’s collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1619507468063-QBCLRZT30HGI09L3ETYR/President+Bell+account+edited.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 The title page of a pamphlet on the loss of the President printed for Randall Taylor a few months after the wreck, based on the account ‘taken in private conference’ of one of the two survivors, William Smith. Nothing more is known about these two men than is contained in the pamphlet. The other man, John Harshfield, ‘they hapned to take up in the Indies, he having been twice Wreck'd before in his Voyage thither; the last time was in the Johanna, very few Persons escaping with him: These were his Companions over the Desart Country from Cape de Gullis to Cape bon Esperance, Twenty and one days Journey, in which they were reduced to the extremity of eating Grass.’ Pamphlets such as this could be sensationalised but there is nothing to indicate that this account was embellished or falsified. Randall Taylor was a prolific bookseller and publisher in London of the Restoration period. The full 2,157 word text of the pamphlet can be read here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1619264356247-4ACNL6841ZU1OMTWL0PQ/President+NMM+image.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 This painting of about 1685 by Isaac Sailmaker of an unidentified ship may give a good impression of the appearance of the President. It shows a large English East Indiaman – identifiable by the striped ensign, jack and pendants of the East India Company, and the flag of England on the mainmast – as seen from two positions, astern and in port-broadside view. The stern is ornately carved above the transom, with a stepped deck aft which gave greater headroom to the cabins, and the bow has an anchor similar to the one found at the wreck site. She is heavily armed with over 60 guns - the largest probably being 12 pounders - so has almost twice the number recorded for the President, which probably only had one full gun deck (mounting about 20 guns) with the remainder of the guns on the upper deck towards the stern as well as mounted forward and aft. The ship in the painting may have been the Charles the Second, 775 tons, built at Deptford in 1683 and used over four voyages to India until 1695. Isaac Sailmaker was born in 1633 in Scheveningen in the Netherlands and came as a young man to England, where he was a follower of the famous van de Velde school of marine painting (National Maritime Museum BHC1676). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620154871760-SPE9XGFTO4X9HFWVRXM7/President+Deptford+East+Indiaman.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 The two East Indiamen named the President are most likely to have been built at Deptford or Blackwall near Greenwich. Initially these two yards were leased by the East India Company to build their own ships, but that proved expensive and the company reverted to its earliest practice of hiring ships build by private investors, with the Deptford yard being sold in 1644. Nevertheless, both yards continued to be where vessels destined for the East Indies trade were built and maintained. In this image of Deptford the large ship being fitted out in the dock may be the Charles the Second, 775 tons, which had been launched at Blackwall in 1683 (and is perhaps also shown in the painting by Isaac Sailmaker above), meaning that it may depict the yard within a decade or so of the second President having been built (National Maritime Museum BHC1873). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620629422467-KSBNTKT4OAMIXSPKXUWU/President+India+map+1700+edited+b.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 Map depicting India circa 1700 from Charles Joppen’s Historical Atlas of India (London, Longmans, Green & Co, 1907) showing the President’s successive ports of call in India on her final voyage at Karwar (A), Surat (C) and Calicut (D), and the site of her encounter with pirates between the first two off Sandameshwar (B). Distance A-D approximately 620 nautical miles. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620645635553-9M6VOWAV9WR6EM250QUY/President+grabs+and+Gallivats+3.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 ‘Mahratta grabs and gallivats attack an English ship (from a picture in the possession of Sir Ernest Robinson)’, the frontispiece of The Pirates of Malabar by John Biddulph (1907). The large vessel to the left with an extended prow like a galley’s is a grab, and the smaller lateen-rugged boats are gallivats. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620151458214-MZAXAAXF60L9WP71AHLM/President+Surat+1690+1+compressed.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 A view of Surat in India published circa 1685, showing its appearance about the time that the President called in there during her final voyage. The English East India Company had established a factory (trade depot) at Surat by 1613, though the city itself did not come under British rule until 1800. The factory acted as a hub for trade and a transshipment centre, where goods such as pepper and textiles could be warehoused ready to be laden on ships destined for England. The vessels in the harbour would have included East Indiamen as well as ‘country ships’ which brought goods in from outlying ports and production areas. From Peters, Jacob, c. 1685, Description des principales Villes, Havres et Isles du Golfe de Venise du cote' Oriental, comme aussi des Villes et Forteresses de la Moree et quelques Places de la Grece et des Isles principales de l'Archipel et Forteresses d'jcelles et en Suite quelques Places renommées de la Terre Saincte, et autres dessous la Domination Ottomanne vers le Midy et l'Orient, et quelques principales Villes en Perse et le Regne du Grand Mogol, p. 221. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620652028781-VJ5ZA9O65G7IUIW2RKX3/President+Western+Isles.JPG Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 A chart (click to enlarge) of the ‘Western Ocean’ showing the final leg of the President’s voyage home, from the Western Isles ( Azores) to Cornwall (Atlas Maritime et Commercialis, London, 1728). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620722146232-41WK2LRL8UO1UAK8H3G6/President+storm+photo+Loe+Bar+2+compressed.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out I took this photo directly opposite the wreck site on the afternoon of 15 October 2017 during Storm Ophelia, looking north over Loe Bar toward Porthleven. The waves were more than 40 feet high as they broke over the ‘berm’, a dropoff about 6 metres deep just offshore that caused ships such as the President to broach to and be pounded to pieces with little chance of those on board escaping, despite the sands being only a stone’s throw away. The wreck here in 1807 of the frigate HMS Anson with great loss of life resulted in the invention of the rocket life-saving apparatus for shooting a line across a surf. You can see a film I took of the storm here (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620723862965-1V3Q0XLYDM5M0K3NVOND/The+President+bell+aerial+view.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out A view in exceptional calm of the Lizard peninsula from Loe Bar, with the arrow showing the site of the wreck just off the cliffs that divide Loe Bar from the sands leading to Gunwallow Fishing Cove to the south. The dark patches underwater are areas of rocky reef where guns and an anchor are exposed when the sands are low. This photo was taken mid-tide, and shows how the foreshore below the cliffs would be inundated at high tide with anyone caught on the rocks trapped. Many shipwrecks are known between Loe Bar and Predannack headland to the upper right, including 17 dating from the 16th to the 19th century that we have dived on and investigated archaeologically (click to enlarge). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620725106494-PU7SCRMA9XZ3315LJ18W/President+cleft+edited+compressed.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out A swimmer’s view from above the wreck site of the adjacent shore, showing ‘hollows’ in the rock where Smith and Harshfield may have sheltered. The cliff is about 18 metres high at this point and cannot be scaled without ropes, so anyone cut off by the tide - which rises to lap the rock at the bottom - would be trapped for several hours until it receded again (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620739013438-ML9TH4O87YRPYZ6APTNX/President+Bell+blog+cannon+14.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Ben Dunstan with a gun on the site (photo: David Gibbins) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620728269517-IIBJX191T28WI0H6ZCXV/President+Mark+photo+anchor+compressed.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Mark Milburn on the wreck. The exposed rocky slope leading up to the shore is on the left, with the anchor and all of the observed guns being along the base of the slope where it is lapped by the sand. The level of the sand, a coarse-grained flinty sediment as on Loe Bar, fluctuates frequently through the year with the anchor sometimes visible on the bare bedrock to which it is accreted - as can be seen in several of the other photos here. Depth 6 metres at mean low water (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620728147746-JUZP59BSBXPBJYHX7VIW/President+Ben+anchor+BW+2019+compressed.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Ben Dunstan measuring the anchor on the wreck (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620728941352-T2PXXFW9QE3QHBBMF6L3/President+4519+13+compressed.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Concreted material on the wreck that may be manganese (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620738827295-36YPNMNI9WY6PPYANIQO/President+Bell+blog+cannon+11.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out A tampion (bung) still in place on one of the guns. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620738949814-KHPIGI2FYEIL7KTY0G97/President+Bell+blog+cannon+5.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out A cannonball concreted to a gun. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620739085717-598QHFK2XY9ALXTD7QLX/President+Bell+blog+cannon+13.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out A gun lying on exposed bedrock free of sediment. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620739187012-CHKN2Z1HPIENSES9NVTL/President+Bell+blog+cannon+4.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out David Gibbins inspecting the anchor. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620739780480-OGWOQ5T1QYONL9LQC617/President+Bell+blog+cannon+16.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out The anchor with two guns in the background. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620738008271-YIE65OVY0DSO8Y7P53UT/President+Bell+blog+cannon+15.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620738124868-2VOV2DFQ9SFLZAA6GPEM/President+Bell+blog+cannon+9.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620738193480-P70RUX1Y55HOBE36E305/President+Bell+blog+cannon+2.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620738390404-XWJK0HR4H80WRGCWJV76/President+Bell+blog+cannon+1.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620738501658-CSB612FBM7J24G96DCZZ/President+Bell+blog+cannon+6.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620738558940-S2MGP4I59530XU7192OR/President+Bell+blog+cannon+3.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620727870697-41LRWDW8VHYZ1WZM5TDD/President+29519+Ben+2+recoloured.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out David Gibbins on the wreck site (photo: Ben Dunstan). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1620739544015-AZAI8LFV0WQC6KR530LM/President+Bell+blog+cannon+17.jpg Journal - The bell of the East Indiaman the President, wrecked off Cornwall in 1684 - Make it stand out A giant barrel jellyfish over the site in 2020 (photo: David Gibbins) http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2020/12/22/the-bombing-of-no-3-cavalry-field-ambulance-during-the-battle-of-amiens monthly 0.5 2021-02-10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1608633345293-MRIHC1ORTWM7YJAXVH20/Caix+cemetery+blog+image+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Caix British Cemetery in 2018, with the graves in the foreground of men killed in the bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance on the evening of 9 August 1918 and the shelling of 2nd Cavalry Brigade Headquarters that afternoon (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1608629947649-UFBIULMFJWU0P1NLJLHY/Lancers+Caix+Tom%27s+memoir.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Original typescript page from the war memoir of Tom H. Verrinder (9th Lancers, 1916-19), describing an incident at the Battle of Amiens on 9 August 1918 (Copyright © 2021 David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1608708152219-5WQRTKU338ND6RU7WWGK/Caix+Tom+Verrinder+horse+photo+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  My grandfather Tom Verrinder towards the end of his five months of intense cavalry training at Tidworth in Wiltshire, shortly before his departure for France in the summer of 1916. During training he was in the 7th Reserve Regiment of Cavalry, which provided men for the 21st and the 9th Lancers and had squadrons for each regiment. In this photo he wears the cap badge of the 21st Lancers, his squadron in the Reserve Regiment prior to joining the 9th Lancers in France. As a galloper at the Battle of Amiens he would have carried the weapons seen in this photo - sword, rifle and 50-round ammunition bandolier - but not the lance, and he would have worn a steel helmet rather than a soft cap. The other standard active service equipment of a cavalryman by that stage in the war included an additional 90-round bandolier carried around the neck of the horse, several grenades (Mills bombs), a greatcoat, a groundsheet and blankets, a haversack with rations and other kit, a water bottle, a respirator in case of gas attack and food for the horse (photographer unknown, copyright © 2021 David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1608798999041-TWTM4SLUE0T18CP2X2A6/Caix+Lancers+war+diary+2CB+9+August+1918.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  A page from the war diary of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade during the Battle of Amiens, showing the frequent citation of trench map references (here indicating the location of Brigade headquarters at the time for which the entry was written). The first entry, for the evening of 9 August, records the bombing by ‘E.A.’ (Enemy Aircraft) of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance Advanced Dressing Station at Caix, killing and wounding many men and horses. The diary for that day was written - presumably from rough notes - on 14-15 August by Captain Henry Mather-Jackson, 9th Lancers, Acting Brigade-Major after the Brigade-Major, Captain Viscount Ebrington, Royal Scots Greys, had been wounded on 9 August (see below) (The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1608720325550-HWT17C7VSZNJ4VJEHMVS/Caix+Cavalry+Field+ambulance+3.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  A Field Ambulance of the 1st Cavalry Division waiting in readiness near Prémont on 8 October 1918, during the ‘Hundred Days Offensive’ that followed the Battle of Amiens. At this date the war diaries show that the Ambulance was either No. 3 or No. 9 C.F.A. This is the only known photo of a Field Ambulance of the 1st Cavalry Division during the war, and is therefore a unique image of the mounted transport of a Cavalry Ambulance as described by my grandfather - including horse-drawn ambulances and wagons (Lieutenant John Brooke, © IWM Q 7157). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1608723247398-EAGDQGZ9KYSKXKOEOKA4/Caix+Lancers+Canadian+field+ambulance+1.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  A Canadian Field Ambulance in a forward area during the Battle of Amiens, 8-11 August 1918, showing tents and motor ambulances (Photographer unknown. Canada Department of National Defence/Library and Archives Canada, ID 3395883). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1608724201741-TCOETH1FLW8SXM403SOJ/Caix+Lancers+Canadian+gas+masks.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Men of No. 10 Canadian Field Ambulance put on their gas respirators during the Battle of Amiens, 8-11 August 1918 (Photographer unknown. Canada Department of National Defence/Library and Archives Canada, ID 352224). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609841662675-M2UUDQDLCFTUFAJW4TEK/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Men of the 9th Lancers near Prémont, 13 October 1918 (the man on the right with a bandaged head). This shows how the soldiers of the regiment would have been equipped during the Battle of Amiens two months earlier (US Official Photographer, © IWM Q 72605). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609918196306-FR1PFCHZ994WD5OJLD2M/Caix+Lancers+German+wounded.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  German prisoners, one of them wounded, taken by Canadian cavalry during the Battle of Amiens. This is a rare image on a battlefield during the war of a cavalryman with his sword drawn (Photographer unknown. Canada Department of National Defence/Library and Archives Canada, ID 3239910). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609852318209-ZH2JXA6F1I1P13WFZGIH/Caix+Canadian+Amiens+battle.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The area of the 1918 Battle of Amiens (click to enlarge), showing the city of Amiens to the left, the river Somme snaking across the map to the right and the main area of the 1916 Battle of the Somme in the upper right corner - the site of my grandfather’s first experience of action on 15 September 1916 to the east of Ginchy. Prior to the opening of the German Spring Offensive on 21 March 1918 the 1st Cavalry Division had been based just to the east of Péronne where the Somme turns south (just beyond the right side of this map), and had retreated west as the Germans took much of the ground on this map until they finally halted and established a new front line near Villers-Bretonneux just to the east of Amiens. This map shows the disposition of Allied forces for the 8 August 1918 attack, with the French in the south, the Canadians and Australians in the centre and British III Corps above that, and shows the movements of the Cavalry down to Brigade level as they went forward with the infantry that morning over the German front line to a position some 8 miles east on the old ‘Amiens Outer Defence Line’ just beyond Caix, in the centre of the map (Canadian War Museum, George Metcalf Archival Collection CWM 19880069-784). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609927497083-SEM64HNRFN9WUDABUO26/Caix+2nd+Canadian+IB+barrage+plan+8+August.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Artillery barrage plan for the first stage of the attack on 8 August, showing the jumping-off line for the infantry to the left and the first and second objectives (the ‘Green Line’ and ‘Red Line’) to the right. At Zero the 2nd Cavalry Brigade were behind the jumping-off line to the upper left and rode over newly captured ground to Marcelcave and beyond the edge of the map to the right, and then down to Caix (war diary, 2nd Canadian Infantry Brigade). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609866725747-2AYGRJ3PC4P5CTBJ2AB3/Caix+Canadian+Amiens+map+closeup+cropped.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Close-up of the map above (click to enlarge) showing the Canadian sector to the east of Amiens in which the 2nd Cavalry Brigade operated during the battle, from their start-point just north-east of Cachy behind the front line prior to the battle (the solid dark line to the left) to their final actions some 8 miles to the east near Vrély beyond the old Amiens Outer Defence Line (the dashed line to the right). Caix lies just to the west of the Amiens Outer Defence Line (Canadian War Museum, George Metcalf Archival Collection CWM 19880069-784). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609869114261-E3ZGFO07ZQ8MPKNUC1X7/Caix+aerial+photo+snipped.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Oblique view from an R.A.F. aircraft some 5,000 feet above the front line on 22 July 1918 looking east over the ground on which the Battle of Amiens was to be fought just under three weeks later, including the part of the Canadian sector in which the 2nd Cavalry Brigade operated. Their start line lay just off to the lower right of the picture, and on the first morning of the battle on 8 August they marched via the three towns visible to the right of the road running diagonally across the image (past trench map reference 62D P.26.C.1.4) - Marcelcave, Wiencourt and Guillaucourt - and then south-east to the wooded valley of the river Luce and the town of Caix, which lies just to the left of the caption in the top right corner. The Amiens Outer Defence Line lies just above the town (photographer unknown, Australian War Memorial AO3173). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610180039509-5LLLIEQ2ORLOAHP54M68/Caix+panoramic+view+1+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  A panoramic view looking south-east on the road from Guillaucourt to Caix, the route taken by the 2nd Cavalry Brigade on the final leg of their advance on the afternoon of 8 August 1918. The buildings of Caix can be seen just left of centre, with the Amiens Outer Defence Line - the final objective of that day’s advance - lying along the horizon beyond. The valley of the river Luce is visible in front of Caix, with Cayeux out of sight to the right of the prominent wood. Referring to the 1918 aerial image shown above, this photo was taken from the upper centre on that image looking right (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610439545500-F0057D1FCBS8J9UYJQBQ/Caix+trench+map+overlay+Cayeux+to+Caix.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Trench map overlay (click to enlarge) showing sites occupied by the 2nd Cavalry Brigade from 8-9 August 1918, with the letters sequential in time. A - The road from Guillaucourt along which the Brigade marched on the first day of the battle on 8 August, reaching this position about midday. B - The house (E.4.c.3.1) where Brigade HQ was established in Caix at 2.10 pm, shortly after the Canadian infantry had taken the town. C - The house (E.3.d.8.6) on the main square to which Brigade HQ moved in the early evening, remaining there for the night. D - The church in Cayeux where No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance set up an Advanced Dressing Station in the late afternoon and early evening of 8 August. E - The location (E.11.b.0.0) in the old Amiens Outer Defence line where Brigade HQ was established during the advance on 9 August, reaching this position by 2.20 pm and being shelled there at 2.55 pm. F - The courtyard house (E.4.c.6.1) on the eastern edge of Caix where No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance set up an Advanced Dressing Station in the early evening of 9 August, and were bombed. G - The location (W.26.b.3.1) in the valley of the river Luce to which No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance relocated during the night of 9-10 August, as part of the general withdrawal of the 1st Cavalry Division to this area. H - the location (W.26.a.9.2) of the De Luce British Cemetery at a junction of farm tracks where the dead from the shelling of the Brigade HQ and the bombing of the A.D.S. were buried. I - Caix British Cemetery, in which the bodies from the De Luce cemetery were reinterred in 1920. Distance Cayeux (D) to Caix (C) approx. 3.5 km ( (trench map of 14 March 1917) (National Library of Scotland). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610445361098-2ORF8ZOE0WM9Z5BVDZ2I/Caix+house+central+square+3.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The house on the main square of Caix occupied by the 2nd Cavalry Brigade Headquarters from the early afternoon of 8 August until about midday the following day. This photo was taken on 14 August 1918, only a few days after the battle, and shows damage from shelling and bombing in the square. The photo was taken looking east, in the direction of the Canadian and British advance. My grandfather would frequently have ridden between this building while it was Brigade HQ and the Advanced Dressing Station at Cayeux, and on the evening of the 9th past this building as he was making his way between Cayeux and the new A.D.S. half a kilometre along the Rosières road leading off to the right (Official French photographer, © IWM Q 61314)., https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610445426780-2BQX1R32E1OC5BICGUHB/Caix+2+CB+HQ+9+August.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The same view in the main square of Caix a hundred years later, showing that the corner house and the building beside it on the 1918 photo have been demolished but the third house along remains substantially as it was then (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610449878311-1MHFO6Y5FYX71VSN3NWF/Caix+Cayeux+ADS+church+today+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The church at Cayeux, used as an Advanced Dressing Station by No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance from the afternoon of 8 August 1918, the first day of the battle (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610450066570-O6CFRCH27EM0QLX812PS/Caix+Cayeux+stereoscopic+1.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  A stereoscopic view taken on 9 August 1918 of supply wagons advancing through Cayeux in the direction of Caix, with the church used from late that afternoon as an Advanced Dressing Station by No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance located just out of sight to the right of the photographer. The town had only been taken the day before, and the sign of the German Ortskomandantur - the Town Major - still hangs on a line across the road. This photo is of particular interest because of my grandfather’s account of being send back from Caix that afternoon to request that ambulance wagons be called up. The ammunition bandoliers worn by the soldiers in this picture shows that they could be cavalrymen, though other mounted troops and Royal Engineers used these as well (Ministry of Information First World War Official Collection, © IWM Q 8232). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610450130006-B3QNMF2D36GATXTVN6SP/Caix+Cayeux+ADS+stereo+view+today+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The same view as the 1918 stereoscopic photo in Cayeux a hundred years later, with the church immediately to the right (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609921355296-T2T6C7LOTLK99MFL5CK2/Caix+lancers+through+village.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  ‘Our cavalry pursue the defeated enemy through the villages’, 9 August 1918. This photo is part of a stereoscopic pair thought to show cavalry passing through Beaucort-en-Santerre - about a mile south-west of Caix - in support of the attack on Le Quesnel, which was eventually taken by the 4th Canadian Division. The lancers visible in this photo are likely to be the 17th Lancers (7th Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division), which attacked on the first day towards Cayeux and then further south. This photo is evidence that lances were taken into action during the battle (photographer unknown, National Army Museum NAM. 1972-08-67-2-184). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610008894427-79I4FYVGJ81AZN6PHNAQ/Caix+2+CIB+diary+9+Aug.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Plan for the advance east and south of Caix on 9 August (click to enlarge), showing Caix (A), Vrély (B), Méharicourt (C) and Fouquescourt (D), with the Amiens Outer Defence Line shown on the left and the hashed line of the day’s final objectives to the right. The furthest action to the east on that day by the 2nd Cavalry Brigade was the charge by ‘A’ Squadron, 9th Lancers, towards Fouquescourt. Distance from A to D approx. 9 km (war diary, 2nd Canadian Infantry Brigade). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610007167406-ZECOCMD82J0GJ10GQK52/Caix+trench+map+orientation+Caix+to+Vrely+9+August+1918.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Trench map overlay (click to enlarge) showing sites occupied by the 2nd Cavalry Brigade Headquarters on 9 August 1918. A - The house (E.3.d.8.6) in the central square in Caix where they spent the previous night. C - The position (E.11.b.0.0) in the old Amiens Outer Defence Line where the HQ was established by 2.15 pm and where they were shelled at 2.55 pm. D - The Position (E.12.c.5.2) to which they then moved, their furthest position forward during the battle with action taking place that afternoon immediately forward of this position to the east. This was probably the furthest forward that my grandfather would have reached as a galloper between No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance and Brigade HQ. D - The courtyard house (E.4.c.6.1) on the eastern edge of Caix occupied by No. 3 C.F.A. as an Advanced Dressing Station in the early evening of 9 August, where they were bombed. Most of the Brigade spent the night of 8-9 August in the valley under the woods in Square 10 immediately to the SE of Caix. Distance A-D approx. 2.5 km (trench map of 14 March 1917) (National Library of Scotland). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610007245384-V25AZQCDDY7MI5V4CGD1/Caix+2nd+Cav+Bde+HQ+shelling+site+1+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  View NW along the road from Vrély to Caix showing the site of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade Headquarters when it was shelled about 2.55 pm on 9 August, in the Amiens Outer Defence Line on the far ridge immediately to the right of the wood (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610007298897-VAASJ5UR52G1AZOGYDA8/Caix+2nd+Cav+Bde+shelling+site+2+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The site of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade Headquarters when it was shelled on 9 August, approximately 100 m out in the field. Nothing obvious remains in the fields of the Amiens Outer Defence Line at this point, but there are traces of trenches in the wood behind (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610183100856-ZPSKT8MWKB6HHZOLTNLL/Lancers+Caix+Pooley.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Captain Charles Pooley, 5th Dragoon Guards, who was killed in the shelling of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade HQ on the afternoon of 9 August 1918. He wears the ribbon of the Military Cross, awarded to him in early 1915, and is a Lieutenant, dating the photo to before his promotion to Acting Captain on 3 August 1917 (photo from the Imperial War Museum website). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610353158282-B9FP4XV4WEX36QUS2G6U/Caix+Fry+De+Ruvigney.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Entry (click to enlarge) in De Ruvigny’s Roll of Honour for Lieutenant Leslie Harrington Fry, 19th Hussars, who was killed in the shelling of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade HQ on the afternoon of 9 August 1918. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610354569276-NFTT3BQIKKWO2UI4L5VX/Caix+Hulbert+de+Ruvigney.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Entry (click to enlarge) in De Ruvigny’s Roll of Honour for 2nd Lieutenant George Dodgson Hulbert, 18th Hussars, who was killed in the shelling of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade HQ on the afternoon of 9 August 1918. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610355914104-LC5FOR0NQG5BFCA1TJQV/Lancers+Caix+Hulbert.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Another photo of 2nd Lieutenant George Dodgson Hulbert, 18th Hussars, who was killed in the shelling of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade HQ on the afternoon of 9 August 1918 (photo: Winchester College). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609402505081-QCU35Z00222IQQ7PNYEG/Lancers+Caix+aircraft+with+crew+larger.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  A DFW (Deutsche Flugzeug-Werke) C.5 aircraft of the type that may have dropped the bomb on the Caix Advanced Dressing Station, shown here in late 1917 in Flanders. This aircraft is from Kagohl No. 4, Staffel 21; the pilot is Lt Kurt H. Weil (who survived the war, emigrated to the United States and became head the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Stevens Institute, Hoboken, New Jersey), and the observer is Lt Carl Miller. The observer was responsible for navigating, firing the rear gun and bombing (photographer unknown; Fredette 1960: 208). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609400740411-YT1ZSJJD1P1BSP9HEF2N/Lancers+Caix+plane+banking+medium.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  This photo taken remotely from a wing-mounted camera shows a DFW (Deutsche Flugzeug-Werke) C.5 aircraft of the type that may have dropped the bomb on the Caix Advanced Dressing Station. A row of flares can be seen in a holder behind the observer’s cockpit as well as a Parabellum MG 14 machine gun (date and location unknown; original photo in the Bibliothek für Zeitgeschichte, Stuttgart). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610537212478-S86N1UH0MKBR5CQFB7IM/Caix+ADS+location+trench+map.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Trench map of 14 March 1917 showing the location in Caix of the Advanced Dressing Station established by No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance on 9 August 1918, at E.4.c.6.1. At the date of the production of this map, Caix was in Allied hands - it was only under German occupation from the 1918 Spring Offensive - and the depiction of detail in towns in this area (mapped by the Royal Engineers Field Survey Companies) would therefore have been highly accurate (National Library of Scotland). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610537985596-X3ADDNU6EZ9N13T9DLVH/Caix+courtyard+building+snip+lap.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The courtyard building at Caix occupied by No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance as an Advanced Dressing Station on 9 August 1918. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610538915131-E36P4BWYXCK4ODJ263VD/Caix+courtyard+building+1+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The courtyard building at Caix occupied by No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance as an Advanced Dressing Station on 9 August 1918 (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610538978011-ORNICUKFMK21SLK3P5RU/Caix+courtyard+building+3+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The wall next to the entrance to the courtyard at Caix used by No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance on 9 August 1918, showing probable evidence of wartime damage and repair (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610539051788-I63DN5DRK4X1A87RDL9E/Caix+courtyard+building+2+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The interior of the courtyard at Caix where the bomb struck No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance on 9 August 1918 (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610527746654-XX0QGH5392AMXCJ8OHYH/Caix+war+diary+No+3+CFA+bombing+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The page from the war diary of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance for the Battle of Amiens, recording the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station in Caix on the evening of 9 August. The diary was written by the second in command of the unit, Major F.T. Hill, M.C. and Bar, R.A.M.C., who was in Cayeux at the time of the bombing and took over temporary command after Colonel Menzies was killed. It seems likely that my grandfather as galloper to the O.C. would have conveyed news of the bombing to Major Hill that night (The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610527814228-IML0IK3731ZC14KMU8OO/Lancers+Caix+ADMS+2+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The page from the war diary of the Assistant Director Medical Services, 1st Cavalry Division, recording the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station in Caix on the evening of 9 August 1918. The diary was written by the A.D.M.S., Colonel Richard Nason Woodley, D.S.O., R.A.M.C. (The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610529625270-ZFB9Z9VY1W98ANBX72V7/Lancers+Caix+bomb+Calais+1917.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  A German 50 kg P.u.W. bomb that failed to explode at a hospital in Calais in 1917. This is likely to have been the size and type of bomb that fell on the courtyard in Caix (photographer and source unknown). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610523652541-6BT5EVDZOZKJE8SLASBL/Lancers+Caix+Amiens+dressing+station+again.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  No photos are known of the No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance Advanced Dressing Station at Caix, but this photo of No. 10 Canadian Field Ambulance A.D.S. at Hangard during the battle may give a good impression of the scene - one difference being that the Caix A.D.S. only became operational in the early evening, so the view would have been one of dusk and darkness. Hangard was not far beyond the jumping-off line for the battle on the road from Amiens to Caix, and had been taken by the 3rd Canadian Division soon after Zero at 4.20 am on 8 August; this dressing station - probably at U.20.b.1.2. - was one of the first to be established, with German prisoners being used to clear the wounded back in the hours before horse and motor ambulances could get through (Snell 1924: 34). In this photo, almost certainly taken in the morning of 8 August, Canadian wounded and German prisoners can be seen, as well as medical orderlies and officers, the former wearing a small red cross badge sewn on their tunic arms and the latter a removable white armband bearing a red cross. In the centre, a medical officer with his back to the camera is being addressed by a taller officer to the left who wears the sleeve insignia of a Major or Lieutenant Colonel, and could be the O.C. of the unit. It is possible to imagine Colonel Menzies and Captain Almond at Caix surrounded by a similar number of medical personnel and wounded when the bomb struck, though with horses being present in the courtyard as well (Photographer unknown, Canada Department of Defence/Library and Archives Canada, ID 3397051). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609315559609-LFQAZCHMZ61CN34N05BD/Caix+DCM.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The Distinguished Conduct Medal, as awarded to 18890 Quartermaster Sergeant (Acting Sergeant-Major) James Moore, Royal Army Medical Corps, for his actions following the bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix on 9 August 1918. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610609311505-D80G0RAJBZXSK0IPS2S0/Caix+Menzies+portrait+University+of+Edinburgh+roll.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Lieutenant Colonel Arthur John Alexander Menzies, D.S.O., R.A.M.C., killed in the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station at Caix on 9 August 1918 This is a clearer version of the photo below in De Ruvigny’s Roll of Honour (Edinburgh University Roll of Honour). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610606455527-65PMRR8J2S8C8LWNT9IH/Lancers+Caix+Menzies+2+fixed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Entry (click to enlarge) in De Ruvigny’s Roll of Honour for Lieutenant Colonel Arthur John Alexander Menzies, D.S.O., R.A.M.C., who was killed in the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station at Caix on 9 August 1918. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610609269938-AK3FYIACI8838LYG50TY/Caix+Menzies+photo+2.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Lieutenant Colonel Arthur John Alexander Menzies, D.S.O., R.A.M.C., killed in the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station at Caix on 9 August 1918. The photo can be dated by the fact that he wears the ribbon of the D.S.O., gazetted on 6 November 1915, but not the 1914 Star, authorised in November 1917 (Commonwealth War Graves Commission). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610722582355-ST2PLEMNEHV139TTV35E/Almond+GHH+photo+Caix+original+fixed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Captain George Hely Hutchinson Almond, R.A.M.C. He wears the ribbon of the Queen’s South Africa Medal (Loretto School Roll of Honour). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610722512920-923R26COA0CNTEJHHCVK/Lancers+Caix+Almond+obit+final+2.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Obituary (click to enlarge) in the British Medical Journal (24 August 1918) of Captain George Hely Hutchinson Almond, R.A.M.C., who was killed in the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station at Caix on 9 August 1918. Another obituary of him appears in the Scottish Mountaineering Club Journal; he is among 13 men of the Club who died in the war listed on a bronze plaque in the Raeburn Hut of the Club in the Scottish Highlands. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610722633290-1JRBOMVQL4YHT0LRVCCG/Lancers+Caix+Almond+photo.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Captain George Hely Hutchinson Almond, R.A.M.C., who was killed in the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station at Caix on 9 August 1918 (Illustrated London News, 28 September 1918). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610772980299-K0L5XESEE89LDFLJHEZN/Lancers+Caix+Chippendale+1.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Article (click to enlarge) in the Burnley Express of 28 August 1918 on Private Albert Chippendale, Royal Army Medical Corps, who was killed in the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station at Caix on 9 August 1918. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610773186287-WEUIYNMIQET6ZHF0LN6R/Caix+Private+Heny+Wilson.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Private William Henry Wilson, Royal Army Medical Corps, who was killed in the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station at Caix on 9 August 1918 (Beds and Herts Saturday Telegraph, 31 August 1918). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610890382465-DJOB3RHHU19P70XRJ8K5/Lancers+Caix+arriving+wounded.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The original caption of this photo is ‘Wounded arrive at a Canadian Field Dressing Station. Battle of Amiens. August, 1918.’ The photo shows enlisted men of the Canadian Army Medical Corps, distinguished by their red cross armbands, and German prisoners who were used as stretcher-bearers. This could have been taken in Caix or elsewhere in the Canadian sector (Photographer unknown, Canada Department of Defence/Library and Archives Canada, ID 3397055). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610890438151-B93ZSG7P7I4GJ3BNLLX8/Lancers+Caix+prisoners+newly+taken.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The original caption of this photo is ‘Prisoners newly taken. Battle of Amiens.’ This photo appears to show German prisoners in an Advanced Dressing Station, where they would have been used as stretcher-bearers. Medical personnel are distinguishable by their red cross armbands and sewn sleeve badges. A cavalry officer - to judge by his beige breeches - lies on his front on a stretcher, and two fine horses in the background are limbered to a wagon. Gas respirators are being put on (Photographer unknown, Canada Department of Defence/Library and Archives Canada, ID 3403165). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610890611685-ESSD2V6GR4X4I1AE0BS7/Lancers+Caix+the+Church+August+1918.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The original caption of this photo is ‘The Church at Caix. - Amiens. August, 1918’. The photo showing a group of officers in a damaged courtyard in Caix was published on the front cover of the 31 August 1918 issue of The Sphere, an illustrated London newspaper, with the caption ‘The limit of our first day’s advance - the British in Caix’ (the officers are perhaps most likely to be Canadians). During a visit to Caix in 2018 I found the exact position of the photographer, but the courtyard door was shut so only the top of the church was visible (Photographer unknown, Canada Department of Defence/Library and Archives Canada, ID 3403955). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610890670429-P3L1SL2KNOGGI3EPQCIX/Lancers+Caix+Canadian+Dressing+Station.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The original caption of this photo is ‘Amiens Front - Caix. Dressing Station used by Germans and 2nd Cdn. Div. April & May 1919’. The date must refer to the date of the photograph, which is evidently well after the battle as two residents can be seen. This does not appear to be the courtyard site of the A.D.S. at the eastern edge of the town so must be one of the other locations for which trench map references are given in the war diaries (Photographer unknown, Canada Department of Defence/Library and Archives Canada, ID 3404106). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610964418393-O068A75M6RV33JR9CLZ7/Caix+De+Luce+cemetery+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  View south-west from the Guillaucourt-Caix road showing the valley of the river Luce where the 1st Cavalry Division spent the night of 10/11 August 1918, with the site of De Luce British Cemetery (no longer in existence) on the far edge of the field ahead where it dips into the valley opposite the wood (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610963607328-LN1I9JSRE71TGH8DQG6F/Caix+concentration+record.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  A page (click to enlarge) from the record of burials in Caix British Cemetery in 1920 showing bodies exhumed from De Luce British Cemetery, with the three officers killed by the shell in Brigade HQ and Colonel Menzies at the bottom of the list (Commonwealth War Graves Commission). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1610963659315-BCCLOLGG6FQ2M9D54DO9/Caix+graves+concentration+2.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The following page (click to enlarge) from the record of burials in Caix British Cemetery in 1920 showing the other men originally in De Luce British Cemetery killed by the bomb in the Caix Advanced Dressing Station (Commonwealth War Graves Commission). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1611044914646-WQA421U0CFI0SW3AQAGD/Lancers+Caix+ADMS+3.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Page from the war diary of the Assistant Director Medical Services, 1st Cavalry Division, showing the trench map location of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance on 11 August and recording the bombing of No. 9 Cavalry Field Ambulance during the withdrawal towards Amiens late that evening. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1611046938215-A5LBZ84M1I2D2293PF73/Proctor+composite.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Entry (click to enlarge) in De Ruvigny’s Roll of Honour for Major John Proctor, R.A.M.C., who died of wounds following the bombing of No. 9 Cavalry Field Ambulance on 11 August 1918. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1611054217067-JMUFSUAX8OO9NE8LCXBF/Caix+Champkins+exhumation+service+record+2.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  This letter (click to enlarge) was sent to the next-of-kin of 41237 Private Mark Champkins, 2nd Squadron, Machine Gun Corps (Cavalry), to explain the circumstances of the exhumation of his body from Cayeux German Cemetery and its reburial in Caix New British Cemetery. Many thousands of these letters would have been sent when graves were being concentrated in the years after the war; this letter survives in his Service Record. Champkins was not one of those killed in the Caix A.D.S. or the 2nd Cavalry Brigade HQ shelling, but is almost certainly the man of this unit recorded as being killed ‘by a shell on transport lines near CAYEUX’ on 9 August (war diary, 2nd Machine Gun Squadron). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1611062536498-KC9MBDVQFOYQE038LYQ5/Caix+Cemetery+5+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The burials in a row (1.E.9-18) in Caix British Cemetery of ten of the men killed in the Advanced Dressing station bombing on 9 August 1918, from Edward Taylor, lower right, to Colonel Menzies, the second headstone beyond the gap; beyond Menzies lie the three officers killed in the 2nd Cavalry Brigade Headquarters shelling that afternoon. The insignia of the Royal Army Medical Corps and the Army Service Corps can be seen on a number of the headstones, a well as that of the 18th Hussars - the headstone of James McEnaney - second in from the right (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1611063473531-DWHVWLSOYII09WJTVQK1/Caix+cemetery+Menzies+and+Almond+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The headstones in Caix British Cemetery of Lieutenant Colonel A.J.A. Menzies, D.S.O., R.A.M.C., and Captain G.H.H. Almond, R.A.M.C., both killed on 9 August 1918 in the bombing of the Caix Advanced Dressing Station (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1611065416632-KZO4N4M648NCYPLJQJTI/Caix+Almond+Bath+3+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Plaque in Bath Cathedral unveiled in December 1921 to Captain George Hely Hutchinson Almond, R.A.M.C., killed in the bombing of the Advanced Dressing Station at Caix on 9 August 1918 (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1611065524734-62VXYGUFEK7KOSNIWWIN/Caix+Almond+memorial+brothers+2.JPG Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  Plaque unveiled in August 1919 in the Chapel of Loretto School, Scotland, to Captain G.H.H. Almond, R.A.M.C. and his two brothers, all of whom were killed in the war (Loretto School Roll of Honour). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1611068270911-JTSG6BIB21UYC6ZWSL3S/Lancers+1918+Spa+Q186+compressed.jpg Journal - The bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance at Caix during the Battle of Amiens, 9 August 1918  The caption for this photo, by the official British Army war photographer Lieutenant John Warwick Brooke, reads ‘Brigadier General Algernon Lawson leading the 2nd Cavalry Brigade into Spa, 29 November 1918.’ Lawson is the officer saluting at the front; behind him on the white horse is the Brigade Major, Captain Lord Ebrington, and behind him is my grandfather, holding a lance in the middle of the first three riders at the head of the Brigade Headquarters contingent. My grandfather often spoke of riding at the very front of the British army through newly liberated Belgian towns. To the right is the flanking guard for the column comprising men of ‘A’ Squadron, 9th Lancers, which included my grandfather’s brother, formed up with their lances on the side of the town square. Many of the soldiers in this picture had been present during the events described here at the Battle of Amiens in August: Brigadier-General Lawson and men of the HQ, who had survived the shelling of the Brigade HQ in the trenches of the old Amiens Outer Defence Line on the afternoon of 9 August; my grandfather, a survivor of the bombing of No. 3 Cavalry Field Ambulance in Caix; and the men of ‘A’ Squadron, 9th Lancers, who had taken part in the charge towards Fouquescourt that afternoon - the last proper charge ever carried out by the 9th Lancers, and possibly the last cavalry charge of the war - when many men and horses were cut down by machine gun fire. The order of march on this day and the role of ‘A’ Squadron, 9th Lancers, as flanking guard is detailed in the war diaries of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade and the 9th Lancers. This scene was also captured on film (Lieutenant John Warwick Brooke, © IWM Q 7186). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2020/11/5/three-portuguese-merchants-weights-of-probable-16th-century-date-from-the-wreck-of-the-schiedam-1684-gunwalloe-cornwall-uk-1 monthly 0.5 2023-01-31 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1604600895939-HMIIG684JSOYU0OE0HS3/David+Gibbins+copyright+2020+Schiedam+weights+3+med+res.jpg Journal - Three Portuguese merchant’s weights of probable early 16th century date from the wreck of the Schiedam (1684), off Gunwalloe, Cornwall, UK https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1605945023424-4RANSZ2TTT6KVPJ1B5JL/David+Gibbins+shipwreck+diver+2+compressed.jpg Journal - Three Portuguese merchant’s weights of probable early 16th century date from the wreck of the Schiedam (1684), off Gunwalloe, Cornwall, UK David Gibbins with a weight from the wreck of the Schiedam (photo: Rachel Hipperson). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1605945716832-1NEA3AW3QWF41QLOBW3N/David+Gibbins+Schiedam+weights+4+compressed.jpg Journal - Three Portuguese merchant’s weights of probable early 16th century date from the wreck of the Schiedam (1684), off Gunwalloe, Cornwall, UK David Gibbins with a weight from the wreck of the Schiedam (photo: Rachel Hipperson). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1612957944966-7X70ZN0J5UG3TYGSQYCC/Schiedam+weights+Dalya+edigul+10221+compressed.jpg Journal - Three Portuguese merchant’s weights of probable early 16th century date from the wreck of the Schiedam (1684), off Gunwalloe, Cornwall, UK https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1609518005362-URCHG697OM4D9BN87IQS/Telegraph+article+Schiedam+weights+Ruth.JPG Journal - Three Portuguese merchant’s weights of probable early 16th century date from the wreck of the Schiedam (1684), off Gunwalloe, Cornwall, UK Click here to read this article by Dalya Alberge in the London Daily Telegraph on the discovery, published on page 3 of the print edition of the newspaper and online on 29 November 2020. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2020/10/28/samuel-pepys-english-tangier-and-the-wreck-of-the-shiedam-1684 monthly 0.5 2020-11-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1603913209866-CDKTOGRWH75XDHOXJKNA/Schiedam+Tangier+Hollar+2+compressed+2.jpg Journal - Samuel Pepys, English Tangier and the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) ‘Prospect of Tangier from the East’ by Wenceslaus Hollar (1607-77), who was sent by King Charles II in 1668 to draw the town and its fortifications. The great ‘Mole’ can be seen under construction to the right, with workmen visible at the end, a gun battery facing seaward and various buildings. In early 1684 the Schiedam was tasked to bring back the ‘Molemen’ and their families as well as equipment and stores from the Mole (Wenceslaus Hollar Collection, Fisher Library, University of Toronto). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1603914047892-XSIAFED46TPJ2RUAM9WM/David+Gibbins+2020b+Schiedam+3+guns+compressed.jpg Journal - Samuel Pepys, English Tangier and the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) A view of four of the guns on the wreck of the Schiedam, still aligned muzzle to breech as they had been in the hold of the ship. With the ship tasked to transport material from the Mole at Tangier, it seems possible that these guns were from the battery on the seaward side of the Mole visible in the Hollar etching above (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1603914585432-AW3QF0QMT30ROBU0MW5O/Schiedam+fluyt+compressed.jpg Journal - Samuel Pepys, English Tangier and the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) A Dutch fluyt by Wenceslaus Hollar (1607-77), who also etched the image of Tangier above. This is one of the best images of a fluyt and probably gives a good impression of the appearance of the Schiedam, including the minimal armament - the Schiedam had only four small guns, and here you can see one gun and two closed gun ports (Wenceslaus Hollar Collection, Fisher Library, University of Toronto). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1603982590680-RJSF0JO5X7MAH9FDH4SC/Schiedam+Pepys+1690.jpg Journal - Samuel Pepys, English Tangier and the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) Samuel Pepys circa 1690, some six years after his return from Tangier (attributed to John Riley, National Portrait Gallery, London, reproduced here under License). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1603989476600-K885AE057JCJY1PAVYSI/Schiedam+Pepys+Diary+photo+compressed.jpg Journal - Samuel Pepys, English Tangier and the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1603985728468-SVCIGS8GMGGAII4DP5A5/Schiedam+Pepys+King+letter+106586+compressed.jpg Journal - Samuel Pepys, English Tangier and the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) Letter from King Charles II regarding the Schiedam, signed by the King and by Pepys (The National Archives, ADM 106/58/6). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1603989580646-8RB872WPBT45RJDDJ2CS/Pepys+Schiedam+letter+ADM+602+compressed.jpg Journal - Samuel Pepys, English Tangier and the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) Letter from Samuel Pepys regarding the Schiedam, 16 January 1685 (The National Archives, ADM/106/60). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2020/4/6/a-merchant-navy-gun-crew-in-action-part-2-convoy-fs12-methil-to-hull-15-17-february-1941 monthly 0.5 2024-01-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586761825300-A84BLPS3M4QEW5CG8B0P/Gibbins+LW+gun+crew+VERY+FINAL+VERSION+8420+compressed+BW.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 2: Convoy FS.12, Methil to Hull, 15-17 February 1941 Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins, second left, Second Officer and Gunnery Officer of SS Clan Murdoch from 1939 to 1941, with his gun crew on the ship. The other men are ship’s officers with the exception of the Royal Marine at the rear. The gun is a QF (Quick-Fire) 12-pounder on a HA (High Angle) mount. For more on this gun see Part 1 of this blog (Photo: Collection of Captain L.W. Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586252946811-CVCC2G2S52134NMDJM6K/Clan+Murdoch+1.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 2: Convoy FS.12, Methil to Hull, 15-17 February 1941 SS Clan Murdoch (5,930 grt), taken before the war. My grandfather Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins was her 4th Officer in 1929-30 and 2nd Officer from 1937 to 1941, and her Gunnery Officer from 1939-41. The gun in the photo above would have been mounted in the bow. She was launched in 1919 on the Clyde and spent twenty years plying the Clan Line’s main routes to Africa and India before being requisitioned by the Ministry of War Transport in 1940. She was considered something of a charmed ship, surviving many near-misses - in February 1942 while carrying 1,000 tons of bombs to Rangoon a Japanese torpedo missed her by 150 yards, and two months later she survived the Japanese aerial attack on Colombo in Ceylon. She finally did sink in 1953 off Portugal when under new ownership, having been sold first to the South American Steam Navigation Co in 1948 (renamed Halesius), and then to a Panama-registered company in 1952 (renamed Jankiki), when her cargo of phosphate shifted and she capsized. This photo shows her in her pre-war Clan Line livery, which was painted over with wartime grey in 1939 (source: Clan Line: Illustrated Fleet History)(Photo: Collection of Captain L.W. Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586249287984-JIB0BTTETIVWSKYMKG20/Gibbins+LW+gun+crew+2+FS+12+google+maps.JPG Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 2: Convoy FS.12, Methil to Hull, 15-17 February 1941 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586183937786-WKWAQSAJ0UTR4C49WMUI/Gibbins+LW+Feb+1941+Coryton+1.JPG Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 2: Convoy FS.12, Methil to Hull, 15-17 February 1941 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586184020721-9LBT9UB79CLX6DV0G29R/Gibbins+LW+Feb+1941+Coryton+2.JPG Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 2: Convoy FS.12, Methil to Hull, 15-17 February 1941 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586265204565-IRFE8TJB2C0TNAVIHHXS/Coryton+ship+Clan+Murdoch+Feb+1941.JPG Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 2: Convoy FS.12, Methil to Hull, 15-17 February 1941 SS Coryton (4,553 grt), launched in 1928 at West Hartlepool for John Cory and Sons, Cardiff. By the time of her sinking she had taken part in 18 convoys, including crossing the Atlantic four times from Halifax (Photo: Leslie W. Hansen. National Museum of Wales Collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586267048893-B2AC17ZYDG0RO6CPO8S2/Gibbins+LW+Feb+1941+Clan+Murdoch+ship+movement+card.jpeg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 2: Convoy FS.12, Methil to Hull, 15-17 February 1941 The Ship Movement Card for Clan Murdoch in February-March 1941, noting that she was ‘Damaged by Aircraft’ on 17 February (National Archives). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2020/3/25/the-wreck-of-the-fortune-1653-off-plymouth-cornwall-england monthly 0.5 2020-03-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1585164950832-55YDGQGQD6O6FOKOS86Q/Fortune+wreck+p+1.jpg Journal - The wreck of the Fortune (1653), off Rame Head, Cornwall, England The first page (fol. 35) of the deposition in the High Court of Admiralty manuscripts HCA 13/68 regarding the wreck of the Hamburg ship the Fortune off Cornwall. The name of the captain and the ship can be seen in the first sentence upper right and the date of the deposition at the top. The scan is reproduced from the Marinelives website. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1585165080035-V7CYDSQ9UIHQ3VQVY0C1/Fortune+wreck+p+2.jpg Journal - The wreck of the Fortune (1653), off Rame Head, Cornwall, England A closeup of the second page of the deposition in the High Court of Admiralty manuscripts HCA 13/68 regarding the wreck of the Hamburg ship the Fortune off Cornwall. The word ‘Ramhead’ can be seen fifth line down. The scan is reproduced from the Marinelives website. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1585211038915-3XUN1T9XO3BEI359N9GJ/Sea+chart+Rame+head+1714+Thornton.jpg Journal - The wreck of the Fortune (1653), off Rame Head, Cornwall, England Thornton’s chart of Plymouth Sound from the early 18th century showing Rame Head on the coast lower left. Rame Head and Penlee Point mark the eastern extremity of the county of Cornwall along the coast, with Plymouth in Devon. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2020/3/17/the-wreck-of-the-hope-c-1637-off-the-lizard-peninsula-cornwall-uk monthly 0.5 2020-11-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1584449727334-DOLBTT27BEVOUD4JOTEO/Hope+wreck+page+image.jpg Journal - The wreck of the Hope (c. 1637), off the Lizard peninsula, Cornwall, UK The first page (fol. 470) of the deposition in the High Court of Admiralty manuscripts HCA 13/54 regarding the wreck of the Hamburg ship the Hope off the Lizard in Cornwall. The name of the ship can be seen in the margin upper left and the date of the deposition at the top. The scan is reproduced from the Marinelives website, which contains a wealth of similar material on 17th century shipping. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/10/29/three-more-marked-merchants-weights-from-the-mullion-pin-wreck-1667-cornwall-england monthly 0.5 2024-01-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572348496121-W0I5O127IW209PGZJAT1/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+three+weights+blog+1+compressed.jpg Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Three weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (photo: David Gibbins) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572342128826-HBJHAL8XLF0DKEY788Z8/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+Weigel+weight+maker.JPG Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England The workshop of a weight-maker by the engraver Christoph Weigel (1654-1725), who was based in Nuremberg. Several lidded cup-weights can be seen in the foreground. This comes from a book of professions and trades published in 1698 (Weigel 1698: 330-1). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572350292234-ZUJS12RGCDJBIJ6JQXEC/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+3lb+weight+1+compressed.jpg Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Large cup-weight showing interior line decoration (photo: David Gibbins) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572351251331-NG6DHRXIGNYTH3LU81OF/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+3lb+weight+3+compressed+modified+2.jpg Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Large-cup weight showing stamped numeral 4 and upturned (right) hand, with the thumb on the right (compare with better preserved stamp on the weight illustrated below) (photo: David Gibbins) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572350392406-W27DV369JPCXNLYI6KES/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+3lb+weight+pin+hole+compressed.jpg Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Large cup-weight showing embedded eroded pin for attaching the lid hinge (photo: David Gibbins) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572354060037-JLOWI3F22HGA2M6BJD54/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+ABOX+weight+interior+banding+compressed.jpg Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England 1/8 lb cup-weight showing interior line decoration (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572354116520-E67IHWTN9TE4Y5KP7B45/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+ABOX+weight+compressed+plus+hand.jpg Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England 1/8 lb cup-weight showing stamped letters B,X, A and O, and the stamped Antwerp hand of the Brabant weight system. The hand is only 5 mm long (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572356164782-N65ENYDJ1SBN9Q6MHPP7/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+small+block+weight+2+compressed+with+V.jpg Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Small block-weight showing stamped letter V, signifying the date 1635 (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1572356209521-HIL12C7I4WW6O8TT3S8H/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+small+block+weight+3+compressed.jpg Journal - Three more marked merchants’ weights from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Small block weight showing line decoration and upper gripping ridge (photo: David Gibbins). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/10/23/a-copper-alloy-crucified-christ-from-the-mullion-pin-wreck-cornwall-england-1667 monthly 0.5 2024-01-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571822887975-7IKYVU7FDKAF84SXLG1C/Pin+Wreck+Jesus+3+compressed.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England The crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571823005108-ZTN3TM0LBM3AXGEC3IYK/Pin+wreck+Jesus+uw+1+compressed.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England A photo of the crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) a few minutes after its discovery at the Mullion Pin Wreck, in the shingle and rock below the cascable of the cannon in the background (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571823518923-3YIYI13BQV83YNOQYB18/Pin+Wreck+Jesus+iPhone+1+compressed+line.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Three view of the crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) from the Mullion Pin Wreck. The red line points to the spear wound. Click to enlarge (photos: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571823573388-ILSXF9PNKAE7SMPY2JO0/Pin+wreck+Jesus+iPhone+3+compressed.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571823647106-HI3328KA57HTNB6YRC9C/Pin+Wreck+Jesus+iPhone+2+compressed.jpg Journal - A copper-alloy crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571823793009-YMML4DZYAISHY3D8Z740/Pin+Wreck+Guglielmo+crucifix.JPG Journal - A copper-alloy crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Copper-alloy Crucified Christ (Corpus Christi) attributed to Guglielmo della Porta in the Convento de Porta Coeli, Valladolid, Spain, showing the cross and Crown of Thorns that may originally have formed part of the Mullion Pin Wreck figure as well (reproduced from Coppel, R., 2012b. Christ crucified. In Guglielmo della Porta: A Counter-Reformation Sculptor. Madrid, Coll & Cortés Fine Art, p. 70). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/10/14/a-two-pound-amsterdam-blokgewicht-block-weight-from-the-mullion-pin-wreck-a-mid-17th-century-merchantman-off-cornwall-england monthly 0.5 2024-01-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571060426558-Z647IJV104JYB9SBVFIW/David+Gibbins+Mullion+Pin+Wreck+block+weight+Fig.+1.jpg Journal - A dated two-pound Amsterdam blokgewicht (block weight) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Fig.1 Two-pound blokgewicht from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), showing the date stamps (top to bottom) 1664, 1663 and 1665. Scale in cm. (photo: David Gibbins) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571061170451-FREJ1LTB0AJ5KLNT3VH2/David%2BGibbins%2BMullion%2BPin%2BWreck%2Bblock%2Bweight%2BFig.%2B2.jpg Journal - A dated two-pound Amsterdam blokgewicht (block weight) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Fig. 2 Two-pound blokgewicht from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), showing another view of the date stamps in Fig. 1. (photo: David Gibbins) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571060609717-M1BJM9UV3T3HRN3LAT02/David+Gibbins+Mullion+Pin+Wreck+block+weight+Fig+3.jpg Journal - A dated two-pound Amsterdam blokgewicht (block weight) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Fig. 3 Two-pound blokgewicht from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), showing the faint impression of the verifier’s stamp (crowned coat of arms of Amsterdam flanked by letters I and A) (photo: David Gibbins) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1571060695227-7SXRQSN3U3RKY74JIT31/David+Gibbins+Mullion+Pin+Wreck+block+weight+Fig.+4.jpg Journal - A dated two-pound Amsterdam blokgewicht (block weight) from the Mullion Pin Wreck (1667), off Cornwall, England Fig. 4 View of the Mullion Pin Wreck in 2019, showing two cannons and the findspot of the blokgewicht close to the diver. (photo: Ben Dunstan) http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/9/29/gibbins-david-2018-the-9th-lancers-and-the-assault-on-the-quadrilateral-during-the-battle-of-the-somme-15-september-1916 monthly 0.5 2021-09-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1569772087009-J4YEC8VN2MHGKW2GKM4L/Chapka+cover+compressed.jpg Journal - The 9th Lancers and the assault on the 'Quadrilateral' during the Battle of the Somme, 15 September 1916 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1569771539712-50X06T939E3OI5PY02N8/Chapka+article+1.jpeg Journal - The 9th Lancers and the assault on the 'Quadrilateral' during the Battle of the Somme, 15 September 1916 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1569771608041-V0HF7Q0YCI35KY9TYHYF/Chapka+article+2.jpeg Journal - The 9th Lancers and the assault on the 'Quadrilateral' during the Battle of the Somme, 15 September 1916 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1569771665543-K5VBH4NVIFEQFFSOUOCD/Chapka+article+3.jpeg Journal - The 9th Lancers and the assault on the 'Quadrilateral' during the Battle of the Somme, 15 September 1916 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1569771745084-IU2ZMK1DXASYX9NKW9DM/Chapka+article+4.jpeg Journal - The 9th Lancers and the assault on the 'Quadrilateral' during the Battle of the Somme, 15 September 1916 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/6/12/major-edward-robertson-gordon-9th-lancers-in-the-boer-war-1899-1902 monthly 0.5 2019-07-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1560796314834-6LT2OB51L7R2X5SAHFE7/Gordon+ER+lying+group+1899+compressed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) This photograph, entitled ‘Reconaissance from Modder River’, shows a group of officers of the 9th Lancers resting in South Africa during the Boer War - including Captain Edward Robertson Gordon and Major Forrester Farnell Colvin, authors of Diary of the Ninth Lancers in South Africa 1899-1902, and Lieutenant Eustace Abadie, also the author of a diary (see below). It was taken between 28 November 1899, when Colvin arrived with the regiment, and 13 December 1899, when Gordon left to become Brigade-Major of the 1st Cavalry Brigade, and may have been taken on 29 November when Colvin and Gordon’s diary records the regiment reconnoitering Modder River and village (copyright 9th/12th Lancers Regimental Museum, Accession No 2090-16-49). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1560360588425-S4JL74Y42WZTMM6NGICE/Gordon+ER+S+Africa+Gordon+book+smart+fix+compressed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Captain Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers, in South Africa during the Boer War (1899-1902) (family collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1560955437421-EVM8HIJQ5762L36NK05C/Gordon+ER+1888+compressed+fixed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Edward Robertson Gordon as a Lieutenant in the 2nd Dragoon Guards in 1888, when the regiment was in Umballa, India (1st the Queen’s Dragoon Guards Regimental Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1560955497419-8F1WUTWAAMHERNKH42BF/Gordon+ER+Portrait+Lancers+cropped+compressed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Edward Robertson Gordon as a Captain in the 9th Lancers, to which he transferred in that rank in 1896. The photo dates before 1902 as he does not yet wear his Boer War campaign medals and has the two stars of a Captain on his epaulettes (increased to three by Army reforms of 1902); as as he was in the field from 1899 to 1902 it seems most likely that the photo was taken before then (copyright 9th/12th Lancers Regimental Museum, Accession No 2090-16-42). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1560798262626-0KLB8OU1NO0MQFCAEK6D/Gordon+South+African+war+service.JPG Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561218883381-JCXL8L1MAX89K416CJ9D/Gordon+ER+9th+Lancers+binos+compressed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Captain Edward Robertson Gordon of the 9th Lancers during the Boer War, probably taken after 22 September 1900 when he was put in command of D Squadron (Colvin, Lieutenant Colonel F.F. and Gordon, Captain E.R., 1904, Diary of the Ninth Lancers in South Africa 1899-1902. London, Cecil Roy, p. 199). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561219157668-TSG52Z1RET3506DC9TT2/Gordon+ER+and+Forrest+9+Lancers.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Captain Edward Robertson Gordon and Captain J.V. Forrest (later Colonel, C.B., C.M.G.), the regiment’s medical officer, during the Boer War, probably in 1901 (Colvin, Lieutenant Colonel F.F. and Gordon, Captain E.R., 1904, Diary of the Ninth Lancers in South Africa 1899-1902. London, Cecil Roy, p. 239). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561142651623-GCJL4D8X83AHSJDXM5QJ/Gordon+ER+photo+Muttra+1899+compressed+fixed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Officers of the 9th Lancers at Muttra in India in 1899 shortly before deploying to South Africa for the Boer War, including Captain Thomas Edward Gordon (front row, third left) (copyright 9th/12th Lancers Regimental Museum, Accession No 2090-16-37). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561051197898-3MZ0T3WIVYP4PTW22J7Z/Gordon+ER+Modder+River+1899+compressed+cropped.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Officers of the 9th Lancers at the Modder River, South Africa, in December 1899, including Captain Edward Robertson Gordon (lower left), Major Colvin and Lieutenant Abadie, authors of the diaries cited here. Of this group, Brassey was killed, Ellison died of disease, Cambell, Gordon, Durand, Cavendish, Sadleir-Jackson, Little and Brooke were wounded, and Theobald became a prisoner of war. J. Grenfell Esq’ is likely to be John Pascoe Grenfell, a Lieutenant in the Buckinghamshire Yeomanry and brother of Captain Francis Octavius Grenfell, who won the V.C. with the 9th Lancers during the First World War (copyright 9th/12th Lancers Regimental Museum, Accession No 2090-16-48). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561142758386-RYG5U4OWMXCNJQ1H1P49/Gordon+ER+photo+Muttra+1899+close+up+fixed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Close-up of photo above showing Captain Thomas Edward Gordon at Muttra in India in 1899 (copyright 9th/12th Lancers Regimental Museum, Accession No 2090-16-37). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561133017670-TZ6Q1IHILRWFKHUW7CCM/Gordon+ER+Modder+River+1899+close+up.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Close-up of photo above showing Captain Thomas Edward Gordon at the Modder River in South Africa in December 1899 (copyright 9th/12th Lancers Regimental Museum, Accession No 2090-16-48). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1560346106065-RAHXZLRMZOY1ANKHOYSI/Gordon+ER+Relief+of+Kimberley+large+scale.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) This image and the close-up below shows almost 500 officers present at the Relief of Kimberley. Captain E.R. Gordon is identified in the caption as No 167. Several copies of this photomontage are known to exist (family collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1560346317409-OBJXF7BW5GDWXECV6RG9/Gordon+ER+Relief+of+Kimberley+close-up+squished.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561890025552-BCWUASH4XVQTP3LQTUYY/Gordon+ER+Diary+photo+1+compressed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561890066969-N9L20A4YSGALHBEZVVZP/Gordon+ER+diary+photo+2+compressed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) This copy of Colvin and Gordon’s Diary is signed by Colvin to his sister. Forrester Farnell Colvin (1860-1936) commanded the 9th Lancers in South Africa from July 1900 to February 1901. He retired as a Lieutenant Colonel and was awarded a C.B.E. following re-employment as a staff officer during the First World War, when one of his jobs was to decide the fate of British cavalry horses in Germany in 1919 (family collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1561890161652-7MGK1HARWB0QWZSO9FY4/Gordon+ER+diary+photo+3+compressed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1563353075321-4MV6Q7FH0U0PK2E1SJDO/Gordon+Cluden+Bank+compressed.jpg Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) Cluden Bank, in Northam, Devon, where Edward lived with his father and two of his sisters after his return from New Zealand in 1910. The house was built in 1909 by his father and named after the ancestral Gordon home near Dumfries in Scotland. It was less than a mile from United Services College at Westward Ho!, where Edward and his two brothers went to school. My grandfather Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins remembered spending time at this house as a boy with his Gordon relatives before and during the First World War. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1563353467630-YGPCR69RSVOHPO1263YS/Gordon+E.R.+obit+snip.JPG Journal - Major Edward Robertson Gordon, 9th Lancers: photographs from the Boer War (1899-1902) From The Broad Arrow: the Naval and Military Gazette, 11 December 1914, p. 676. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/6/6/rudyard-kipling-the-gordon-brothers-and-united-services-college monthly 0.5 2019-07-18 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1559828773206-3A0KR2RHUWVO3GJA9S49/Kipling+at+USC+fixed.jpg Journal - Rudyard Kipling, the Gordon brothers and United Services College Rudyard Kipling, centre, with an unidentified group at United Services College about 1880 (source: Kipling family photographs, Bateman’s, East Sussex: National Trust Collections NT 761434.19) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1559829406758-U26P1YVQLUXW641968KY/Kipling+letter+Gordons+compressed.jpg Journal - Rudyard Kipling, the Gordon brothers and United Services College Source: The Letters of Rudyard Kipling, Volume 2: 1890-99 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1559830907633-28QBLZOQLF42I723Q453/Gordon+USC+view.JPG Journal - Rudyard Kipling, the Gordon brothers and United Services College https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1559831054022-1GTYYVSTLKTBW6GFKV4O/Gordon+USC+1882+1.JPG Journal - Rudyard Kipling, the Gordon brothers and United Services College https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1559831105843-TJZYH1Z3MTD78WO91TXA/Gordon+USC+1882+closeup.JPG Journal - Rudyard Kipling, the Gordon brothers and United Services College A close-up of the photo above, showing the brothers Edward (31), Frank (13) and Charles (25) Gordon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1559831343611-UWCW6JZLVDGTF15QY7AJ/Gordon+USC+1880.JPG Journal - Rudyard Kipling, the Gordon brothers and United Services College Frank Gordon, top left. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1559831257244-5UJ9UJ2356HWLVKJ50AQ/Gordon+USC+188-2+Rugby.JPG Journal - Rudyard Kipling, the Gordon brothers and United Services College Frank Gordon, top row fifth from left. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1559831303882-8FICHAM4UQFPROORJNDQ/Gordon+USC+1885+1.JPG Journal - Rudyard Kipling, the Gordon brothers and United Services College Charles Gordon, top row second from right. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/4/10/dawn-over-the-somme-battlefield-guillemont monthly 0.5 2019-06-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1554910920593-IVX67194KGWRHKDV4EGD/Somme+dawn+419+compressed.jpg Journal - Dawn over the Somme battlefield, Guillemont http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/4/2/hms-anson-in-torbay-1807 monthly 0.5 2019-04-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1554218509402-6GUTS0VYQBJCQJYX1TEA/Luny+Anson.jpg Journal - HMS Anson in Torbay, 1807 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1554219984398-SFIL7O0N4OTRS0FJK6J2/Victory+319+1+compressed.jpg Journal - HMS Anson in Torbay, 1807 HMS Victory in Portsmouth in March 2019, showing the stern as depicted in the 1807 Luny painting. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1554220138777-RVO7AARR4AERR37LZR52/Anson+gun+me+2.jpg Journal - HMS Anson in Torbay, 1807 Photo of me on the wreck of HMS Anson in 2018, showing one of the ship’s main armament of 24-pounders - perhaps one of the guns visible in the gunports in Luny’s painting. The wreck lies buried most of the time under deep sand and over many visits we have only ever seen this one gun. Several 24-pounders were salvaged from the site between the late 19th century and the 1960s, including two now mounted on gun carriages at the nearby port of Porthleven, one outside the museum in Helston and two outside the west entrance to RNAS Culdrose nearby (photo: Mark Milburn).. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/3/13/a-blended-somme-trench-image-19162018 monthly 0.5 2019-03-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1552481396757-6CIKWOIYNAD7ESRAC2IN/Somme+2018+Regina+Trench+photomerge+bk.jpg Journal - A blended Somme trench image, 1916/2018 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1552481278558-387FSZZK5BAMOBMHBTNS/Trench+montage+original.jpg Journal - A blended Somme trench image, 1916/2018 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1552480839990-270E77TGV5959XQA7QEH/Somme+2018+Regina+Trench+77+compressed.jpg Journal - A blended Somme trench image, 1916/2018 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2019/3/12/gunner-charles-gerald-cook-royal-garrison-artillery-183rd-93rd-and-224th-siege-batteries-1916-19 monthly 0.5 2019-04-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1552396564959-KICKJUJY85F3LOYHI9CJ/Cook+Charles+Gerald+photo.jpg Journal - Gunner Charles Gerald Cook, Royal Garrison Artillery (183, 93 and 224 Siege Batteries), 1916-19 Charles Gerald Cook during the First World War. He wears the standard 1903 pattern bandolier used by British artillerymen, cavalrymen and other corps to carry small-arms ammunition, a ready way to distinguish these men in photos from infantry. The lanyard was attached to a clasp knife held in the breast pocket, a throwback to the time when armament was horse-drawn and knives were used to extract stones from hooves (as well as for many other purposes). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1552400486495-VYO9SHPKTV66PWLAA4SO/Howitzer+Somme.jpg Journal - Gunner Charles Gerald Cook, Royal Garrison Artillery (183, 93 and 224 Siege Batteries), 1916-19 A 9.2 inch howitzer of the Royal Garrison Artillery in firing position near Maricourt during the Battle of the Somme, September 1916 (French Official Photographer, © IWM (Q 58449)). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1552399972051-TRL1JDYYQFSVLUCR4L0K/Howizer+2.jpg Journal - Gunner Charles Gerald Cook, Royal Garrison Artillery (183, 93 and 224 Siege Batteries), 1916-19 A 9.2 inch howitzer of the Royal Garrison Artillery in action in the ruins of Tilloy-les-Mofflaines, near Arras, April 1917 (photo: Lieutenant John Warwick Brooke, © IWM (Q 5221)). These photos of 9.2 inch howitzers and the film show the large box filled with earth on the same platform in front of the howitzer that was used to counterbalance the recoil; this was one reason why the 9.2s were so accurate. In harsh winter conditions they were sometimes filled up with water instead, and if the Battery had to move quickly they were often left behind or blown up as they would take too long to empty. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1552398648505-8JJJSUJLXYRPQN2OZ4JO/Howitzer+Q5221.jpg Journal - Gunner Charles Gerald Cook, Royal Garrison Artillery (183, 93 and 224 Siege Batteries), 1916-19 Two 9.2 inch howitzers of the Royal Garrison Artillery about to fire, 4 October 1917 (photo: Lieutenant John Warwick Brooke, © IWM (Q 7269)). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1552400890314-XZ25QBSQ0UQ8FF8CSSCJ/Howitzer+shells.jpg Journal - Gunner Charles Gerald Cook, Royal Garrison Artillery (183, 93 and 224 Siege Batteries), 1916-19 British troops loading 9.2-inch howitzer shells onto a light railway trolley, Fricourt, September 1916 (photo: Lieutenant Ernest Brooks, © IWM (Q 1470)). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2018/12/27/hun-blitzkrieg-the-sword-of-attila monthly 0.5 2019-03-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1545925073426-YRIFT5E6T7HPQAB2OVHY/Th+Sword+of+Attila+cover+2.jpg Journal - Hun Blitzkrieg: The Sword of Attila https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1545925097905-FS07EOJBE3DNXNQ6EHC0/The+Sword+of+Attila+cover+1.jpg Journal - Hun Blitzkrieg: The Sword of Attila https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1545924678644-3CQRVCZH1CQA4F9WS4IK/Huns+at+the+Battle+of+Chalons.jpg Journal - Hun Blitzkrieg: The Sword of Attila ‘The Huns at the Battle of Chalons’ by Alphonse de Neuville (1836-85). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2018/11/4/3-d-photogrammetry-on-the-wreck-of-the-schiedam-1684 monthly 0.5 2022-11-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1541332771827-XHC5OT4DRWX15DHUKG3O/Schiedam+3D+cannon.jpg Journal - 3-D photogrammetry on the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1541332884537-9DZTJJ9MOY9SPYSK4C2G/Schiedam+3D+timber+and+stone.jpg Journal - 3-D photogrammetry on the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/25fd94f9-dd6e-43d8-98ab-e0be92495499/Schiedam+3+weights+3D.JPG Journal - 3-D photogrammetry on the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2017/10/23/new-england-ancestors-1621-1700 monthly 0.5 2019-03-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508796595130-AVSWESQ5TYA5215D5RDD/image-asset.jpeg Journal - New England ancestors, 1621-1700 Mayflower II, built in 1955-6 and currently under restoration in Mystic, Connecticut, prior to its planned return to Plymouth in time for the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the original Mayflower in 1620. The Fortune, which brought Thomas Prence and 33 other settlers to Plymouth Colony in the following year, was only one-third the size of this ship. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508795787219-X3P7MX86UX0HBOAGS3QJ/Cotton+pedigree+compressed.jpg Journal - New England ancestors, 1621-1700 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508796247794-RAXHZNG7YQWQ13XV9C10/Cotton+John+Ecclesiastes+2.jpg Journal - New England ancestors, 1621-1700 One of numerous works by John Cotton, this one published shortly after his death. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508798226293-VC7H83TYSLN144HC54OZ/Plimoth+Plantation.JPG Journal - New England ancestors, 1621-1700 Plimoth Plantation, the living history museum at Plymouth, Massachusetts, that attempts to replicate the colony as it would have been about the time that Thomas Prence arrived in 1621. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508798267302-82BUTIRUIS0ZBWEZRJ6M/Plymouth+Colony.gif Journal - New England ancestors, 1621-1700 A map of early New England showing the relationship between Plymouth Colony, founded in 1620, and Massachusetts Bay Colony, founded a decade later and focused on Boston (source: Encyclopedia Britannica). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2017/7/19/historical-fiction-ancestry-and-artefacts monthly 0.5 2017-07-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1500462055900-SGC00XN7T80Q3XDKVMT9/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Historical fiction, ancestry and artefacts http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2017/6/24/first-world-war-centenary-chess-in-the-trenches-1917 monthly 0.5 2017-10-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1498310823334-YEYZXW6YZ3TNV2QYCAL6/image-asset.jpeg Journal - First World War Centenary: Lieutenant Norman Martin Gibbins and chess in the trenches, 1917 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1498309429422-8289AM0510W8YF57N7P8/image-asset.jpeg Journal - First World War Centenary: Lieutenant Norman Martin Gibbins and chess in the trenches, 1917 'Headmaster Gibbins, mathematics master Evans, and Dan Pedoe at the Central Foundation Boys School in London, 1927.' On the cover of The College Mathematics Journal 29.3 (1988). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1498310451272-1N7NW5E7TRB2XQSRHC19/image-asset.jpeg Journal - First World War Centenary: Lieutenant Norman Martin Gibbins and chess in the trenches, 1917 From Alumni Cantabrigienses http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2017/5/11/wrecks-and-wrecking-at-gunwalloe-fact-and-fiction monthly 0.5 2017-05-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494502150931-CIEW84W07MGTM8A774EG/Natural+Lizard+Gunwalloe.jpg Journal - Wrecks and wrecking at Gunwalloe: fact and fiction http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2016/7/16/the-wreck-of-hms-primrose-cornwall-england-22-january-1809 monthly 0.5 2017-10-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468660212659-054OH3DNU8KKYN7HDV3M/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 A plan dated 1 December 1802 showing the framing disposition of 72 vessels of the Cruizer class lauched between 1803 and 1809, including HMS Primrose (National Maritime Museum ZAZ 4140). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468661871357-QA2B73XFZ9RR390LSEA0/Primrose+Mark+1.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468661924499-L4RE6BFO4630Z3LIIWH4/Primrose+Mark+2.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468661978128-V0EIX9PVMJNSODJI6B5D/Primrose+Mark+3.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468915721760-SCRMBITTFBJQPQCG0D5R/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 This depiction of HMS Recruit, another one of the batch of 17 Cruizer-class brig-sloops built to the Barham's Board design in 1806-7, gives an excellent impression of the appearance of HMS Primrose. The two-mast brig-rig can clearly be seen, as well as the portholes for the carronades. The caption reads 'Intrepid behaviour of Captn Charles Napier, in HM 18 gun Brig Recruit for which he was appointed to the D'Haupoult. The 74 now pouring a broadside into her. April 15 1809.' Recruit survived this action, and was sold in 1822 (etching, George W. Terry and George Greatbach, National Maritime Museum PAD5779) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468916931718-Z69T2YJ679PGFAVS09NM/image-asset.png Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 As with other wrecks of this period, the loss of HMS Primrose occasioned a literary epithet - in this case an ode on the unfortunate Colonel Tucker, who, as the anonymous author of this review in The British Critic opined, 'deserved a much better poet.' https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468757802227-BOYEHPHHGL3ZUCNWUCJD/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 Artefacts from Primrose are displayed in the lower part of the upper case and the top shelf of the lower cabinet (Charlestown Shipwreck and Heritage Centre). Click to enlarge; see below for close-up views. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758703796-2Z2L44NRLDTXN0W7NB32/Upper+1+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758735199-Z90QF4VP32UKI3SSFLRZ/Upper+2+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758764175-M6MJ78VDXMOCZNLW7X7V/Upper+2b+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758789481-8N0SCZP1RGQIVFB2R7ZW/Upper+3+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758811130-40AE2QGAQIR4QU5OQ6QJ/Upper+4+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758837869-S8L7RZPUDO04KD3VVT1B/Upper+5+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758875104-8E17CKELM05LOD5IOJ78/Upper+6+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758896800-FZ6EUTYNVQQN5YNIXRVP/Upper+7+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758934013-MCK6PTYU94ZH7Z5B0DVK/Upper+8+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468758985058-N0WE7AODYSNTDIUP4765/Upper+9+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759489567-4VMK8PGVSBD5YHQH64JY/Lower+1.JPG Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759572391-7EZMKKPB197UTK7RWC9U/Lower+2.JPG Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759764394-EZSI55TZM076C3OQ3809/Lower+3+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759779039-7ET2R85L8U2EJ5BB06WR/Lower+4+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759793475-8XC34VV4Q46EAUA3GF8M/Lower+5+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759810023-1XMKHG1RTRRE78C0EYAU/Lower+6+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759832265-21SEYDSSWI7F2G53WGZE/Lower+7+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759851228-XY8ZM0SPMY3E9V04A4CQ/Lower+8+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1468759874556-S0LIPNRA2SMV0V491ATG/Lower+10+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494498895437-O6RR7B03W61RJVDQEU22/Primrose+guns+beng+raised+3+sixth+photo.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499013060-2E5RY40QQKG5T9M3D5JX/Primrose+more+guns+being+raised+first+photo.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499039845-COGYLK4CX3J2BIR3BCN7/Primrose+more+guns+being+raised+second+photo.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499064512-5BD6ARSISZPI5ZUO0KCR/Primrose+guns+beng+raised+3+seventh+photo.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499093320-FAFONGAJW445XAE1KIG9/Primrose+guns+being+raised+fourth+photo.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499109302-6XAZUCZBWF0UJVEI5ABL/Primrose+guns+being+raised+third+photo.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499124186-6VHJTX2VBCSUJTDH0I1J/Primrose+guns+being+raised+fifth+photo.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499144935-XSNXEW3BTNYU75HUWTS4/Primrose+gun+colour+view.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499161683-8YPL5HW7EXRF0LM8Y5Z1/Primrose+carronade+and+tompion.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499673740-H31DIFHLZA1DQ63KHS8W/Primrose+carronades+Charlestown+compressed.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1494499177591-819SLJALFFNCM37ILPYN/Primrose+cannonball.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508845480048-A7GSP4038UJR9UKW35D9/Primrose+Gudgeon+1.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508845500148-JG82WBQW3CIR7CSN6147/Primrose+Gudgeon+2.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508845512440-ZZDRAGAMEIOMPVEO5TPT/Primrose+2017+carronade+1.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508845528747-AIPGX6FEMFL8L1HPAG2M/Primrose+2017+carronade+2.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508845533965-1H20N831UVRKGT49HYIQ/Primrose+2017+carronade+3.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1508845546728-A9I983RNTE69VZERLPKU/Primrose+2017+carronade+4.jpg Journal - The wreck of HMS Primrose, Cornwall, England, 22 January 1809 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2016/6/26/fricourt-new-cemetery-somme-1916 monthly 0.5 2016-06-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1466936797952-T59AK5DU3612QQ4C77PE/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Fricourt New Cemetery, Somme 1916 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1466932172842-QJMCHX5F5X7OSP6C1L5C/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Fricourt New Cemetery, Somme 1916 An overlay of the 25 April 1916 British 1:20,000 trench map 62D.NE2 on a satellite image of Fricourt and the fields to the west. In the centre is no-man's land as it existed before 1 July 1916, with the British front line in blue to the left and the German in red to the right. The red blotches where the lines are closest, between the words Red Cottage and Fricourt, are the 'Tamour mines', the craters of which are still visible in the woodland that covers that part of no-man's land today. Fricourt New Cemetery is in no-man's land to the left of the letter R in Red Cottage; the point where I took the photo holding the artefacts looking back towards the cemetery is at the top left of this image where the lane crosses the continuation of the British front line, not shown here but marked on the adjacent trench map (from the National Library of Scotland First World War trench maps website.) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1466936298608-PM7KU64XQ4JZDOW4LJLY/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Fricourt New Cemetery, Somme 1916 Fricourt New Cemetery, looking south. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1466936878056-QQIT7055H5E5JXO0VLQX/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Fricourt New Cemetery, Somme 1916 The view south from the ridge above Fricourt (at the top of the map in the first image) towards Fricourt New Cemetery, with the Tamour mines area to the left and the village of Fricourt out sight just beyond that. This view encompasses no-man's land from the British front line, to the right, to the German line, to the left, just within the Tamour mines wood. Walking heavily laden down this slope soon after 7.30 am on 1 July, the 10th West Yorks were met by fire from a single German machine gun positioned in the Tamour area. Because this had been a quiet sector before the battle, no-man's land was not yet pockmarked by shell holes and the men had nowhere to take cover. By the end of the day, only 21 men of the battalion had made it back to the British line; 740 had become casualties. Most of the men who were killed died in this field without even having seen their enemy. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1466936348587-WW944G528VXDPOAUXX86/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Fricourt New Cemetery, Somme 1916 Battlefield debris picked up from no-man's land, just outside the British front line looking towards Fricourt New Cemetery (above my forefinger), with the Tamour mines area in the wood beyond, the Bois Francais on the far ridge beyond that and the village of Fricourt to the left. The shell fragments are likely to be from the German barrage that opened up on no-man's land during the morning of 1 July, adding to the carnage among wounded men who had been hit by machine gun fire during the initial assault. The broken British .303 cartridge (easily distinguished from German cartridges by its rimmed base) and the German 7.92 bullet, found where I am standing, are particularly poignant finds - the machine gun in Fricourt would have been aimed to hit men at waist height as they were advancing down the slope, with spent bullets ploughing into the ground about where I am standing. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1466936224709-YNALHCKRHU3WRJFFC1HF/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Fricourt New Cemetery, Somme 1916 Fricourt New Cemetery, looking north-west up the slope towards the British line. The gravestones in the front row are of men of the 7th East Yorkshire Regiment; those behind are of the 10th West Yorks. All of these men died at or near this spot on 1 July 1916. The previous two photos were taken from the ridge in the background looking in this direction. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2016/4/8/diving-lock-21-a-submerged-victorian-canal-lock-on-the-st-lawrence-river-canada monthly 0.5 2024-01-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460138234936-4DIHXQYOCWY63DAFIHBU/image-asset.png Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460134307803-ND8ZMIXEMY0PQO5VIOCB/image-asset.png Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada This map of the 1950s St Lawrence Seaway project illustrates the impact that improved navigation along the river was expected to have, allowing direct transport for large ships between the Atlantic and the Great Lakes. The original Cornwall Canal lies in the middle of the Seaway, mid-way between Montreal and Kingston. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460138589273-U3AKWACV7AI7BRHRX8W9/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada A photograph of Lock 21 looking east, thought to have been taken about 1904. The buildings to the left are on the site of the present information pavilion, with the water level today being about a metre higher than the top of the embankment. Our dive in the video took us down the slope to the railing at the top of the weir, then over the railing to the bottom of the canal, through the sluice gates (underwater in this photo) and out the other side (photographer unknown). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460138872714-488MI9PWJARC39YS2J3A/Lock+surface+compressed+bb.jpg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada A view of Lock 21 looking in the opposite direction to the photo above, with the US bank of the St Lawrence in the background. We're standing close to the site of the buildings about the embankment seen in the 1904 photo. The concrete block in the foreground marks the eastern end of the lock, with the block just visible about a hundred metres upstream marking the western end at the weir and the entry point for divers. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460139051310-SR1YXBN0ESICZA0HNVMO/Lock+21+old+photo+2.jpg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460139071890-KR10Y8XDWF9A7NM02TAV/Lock+21+old+photo+6.jpg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460139096591-GK1ZT84RH8DIGZ1V6DJE/Lock+21+old+photo+7.jpg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460139114142-GWJ67I72CDV5WQEUDUY8/Lock+21+ships+wait.jpg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460139222661-PBIXHUR4XRQUW5KJCDWL/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada A plan of Lock 21 for divers on display in the information pavilion at the site. For our dive seen in the video we followed the rope down to the weir, went through the sluice gates and came up the other side.(plan: N. Baets). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460139268274-29MDNNC9TUV0Z14PLKMA/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460139303039-99KTSEZGKMFMK229LG19/Lock+21+Alan+2+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1460139324451-TN6QZR26POD62SSH9EI6/Lock+21+Alan+4+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving Lock 21: a submerged Victorian canal lock on the St Lawrence River, Canada http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2016/4/5/diving-the-wreck-of-hms-prince-regent-1814-kingston-ontario-canada monthly 0.5 2025-09-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459875335780-3PMOR11UFV3VNX2QMSYF/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459875660083-OYH9SMBWWBI8V6WW5RF8/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada An 1817 aquatint of the British squadron at anchor off Oswego on 6 May 1814, based on a drawing by a Royal Marines officer present at the action, Captain William Steele. The frigate to the right, flying the broad pennant of Commodore Sir James Yeo, is HMS Prince Regent, flagship of the squadron. The boats being rowed ashore are taking Royal Marines, sailors and soldiers to the assault of the fort atop the distinctive jutting promontory, visible amidst the smoke from the bombardment (National Archives of Canada). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459875603977-QWU0U0BC79I4CYTCRH1L/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada A draught and profile drawing of HMS Prince Regent made by Royal Navy surveyor Thomas Strickland in 1815. The V-shaped deadrise of the frames from the keel was even more pronounced on the Princess Charlotte (National Maritime Museum, Greenwich). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459876056398-PQ7XOQCUN5CE44NJQ3O7/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada A 19th century map showing the eastern shore of Lake Ontario, with the entrance to the St Lawrence River dividing Upper Canada from New York State at upper right. At the top of the map is the Royal Navy base of Kingston, to the right the US Navy base of Sackets Harbour and at the bottom the US fort of Oswego, site of the British assault on 6 May 1814. The distance across the lake from Kingston to Oswego is about 45 nautical miles. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459875689034-DYBGFJZMSSANOT5CP2O2/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada Another 1815 aquatint of the Battle of Oswego based on a drawing by Royal Marines officer present at the action - in this case Lieutenant John Hewett, who climbed the flagpole of the fort and took down the Stars and Stripes. In the foreground HMS Prince Regent flies the broad pennant of Sir James Yeo; beyond that the British forces are landing and forming up to attack the Americans, who are on the lower slope opposite with the fort behind them. The entrance to the Oswego river, which allowed the Americans to bring up supplies and armaments from New York, is to the right (National Archives of Canada). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459875550412-EXGA8Z78A0DEULLJBXO6/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada A colour aquatint of 1828 by James Gray showing Kingston from Fort Henry, with the Royal Navy Dockyard (site of the present Royal Military College of Canada) in the centre and the town beyond. The housed-over ship behind the soldier's bayonet is probably HMS St Lawrence, and that above the solitary lady with the pink top and black hat HMS Prince Regent, renamed HMS Kingston (National Archives of Canada). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459875509485-KCR5CC17WA3KO4MN40QO/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada This 1816 map shows, from the left, Kingston town, Kingston harbour, the Royal Navy Dockyard (site of the present Royal Military College of Canada), Navy Bay, the promontory of Fort Henry, and Hamilton Cove, the present Deadman Bay. Today, the wreck of HMS Prince Regent is to be found at the very head of Deadman Bay, only fifty metres or so from shore, HMS Princess Charlotte about a third of the way down the bay and HMS St Lawrence on the opposite shore south-west of Kingston, out of view to the left. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459876300737-2PG3U5CA6Z7GE9E3G9TN/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459875170523-OCRUVYFM9BGX32X5YON6/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of HMS Prince Regent (1814), Kingston, Ontario, Canada http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2016/3/24/the-portuguese-jewish-ancestry-of-rebecca-de-daniel-brandon-1783-1820 monthly 0.5 2016-04-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1458839467046-OJ0HE6BUGOMCFP1QNLKN/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459201804240-KWZXO1P7VYZU3LBNA1KX/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) The Bevis Marks Synagogue, built in 1701, was one of few buildings in the vicinity not to be damaged by bombing during the Second World War, and remains much as it would have appeared when Rebecca and her family formed part of the congregation in the late 18th century. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1458840411812-UVJ0EROKGBRGLGFAA6BK/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) A window in the 16th century Manueline style in the Jewish Quarter in Viseu. This style, incorporating marine elements and images of discoveries made by Vasco da Gama and the other early Portuguese explorers, is particularly interesting in this context given the maritime trade networks of Rebecca's great-grandfather Francisco and others of the Jewish community in Viseu at this period. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1458848843976-DNBOE5YO1I80826P721R/Brandao+Joao+letter.jpg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) This letter of 1728 in the Portuguese Inquisition archives is from Rebecca's grandfather João Rodrigues Brandão, and would have been written shortly after his release. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1458840041491-J1MT5IB6IK8FQ8YQEV4X/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) The buildings of the Portuguese Inquisition at Coimbra, where more than 9,500 Jews were tried for heresy between 1541 and 1781. The 'Patio of the Inquisition', the square to the right of centre, led to the tribunal chambers and cells in the buildings to the left. This was where most of Rebecca's ancestors who were brought before the Inquisition were tried and imprisoned, including her grandparents and great-grandparents. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459609089524-XNOCNIZ73PYFTAR7WB8R/image-asset.png Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) A cell in the Inquisition buildings at Coimbra, where members of the Brandão family were held for up to three years. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459608276589-I5HZTBOGX2YR1COAX0OC/image-asset.png Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) The signature of JOÃO RODRIGUES BRANDÃO from the 1728 letter in the Portuguese Inquisition archives shown above. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1458837817798-E6M5DGAFKJSG6MYBE6H6/image-asset.png Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) A newspaper report of the denization on 13 May 1774 of Raphael Brandon and other Portuguese Jews, including his cousin Daniel Brandon Seixas. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459617950640-IZA3AM2BXLWR2F1NRANB/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) Cruchley's map of 1827 showing the eastern part of the old City of London, with the Minories directly north of the Tower of London and Haydon Square leading off that to the right; Goodman's Fields lies just to the right of that, beyond the edge of the map. Raphael's earlier address, St Mary Axe, adjoins Bevis Marks near the top of the map. His brother Daniel's address at Tabernacle Walk lies to the north of that, beyond this map (see the second map below). Click to enlarge. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1458837136258-E6RB4RL3E9G3H0E69CSQ/image-asset.png Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) From The London Gazette of 1793. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459617422713-X107RL544GDHL0Z026W6/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) Cruchley's map of 1827 shows the precise location of Tabernacle Walk between Windmill Street and Tabernacle Square, as well as Castle Street at City Road. The addresses given indicate that Daniel's premises were at the junction of Castle Street and Tabernacle Row, where Windmill Street ends on this map. The entire stretch north of Finsbury Square was renamed Tabernacle Street in 1912. Click to enlarge. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459607398472-28VH152KCZTHRQAW5W3M/Tabernacle+Street+fire+1891+bk.jpg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459607597288-EDM91E0PZ5K47P3EH0I2/Tabernacle+Street+11+January+1941.jpg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459607632628-5K12EMCP8A8HN1RL0DCH/Tabernacle+Street+1941b.jpg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459612700819-85X70JFZ0BEMDXUEKDHQ/Silvera+George.jpg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) Sarah de Daniel Brandon's son George Silvera of Jamaica (1808-84), from a photo of a painting reproduced here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459254955419-PMX17LEJ4QX99047CTSF/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) Of the witnesses to Rebecca's marriage, Ann Bateman, presumably a friend of hers, married on 28 February that year also in Calcutta to Patrick Maitland, a partner in John Palmer and Co., Bankers of Calcutta, and grandson of the 6th Earl of Lauderdale. G.A. Simpson was also present at Ann Bateman's marriage. The other male witness we might expect to be a fellow-officer of John's, and indeed Hodson's Officers of the Bengal Army lists an Alexander Stewart of the Bengal Army who was a close contemporary of his, born in 1785, arriving in Calcutta in 1806 and serving in the 14th Bengal Native Infantry. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459271227061-9QBM8WA08HC1NROMDP9J/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) This 1856 map of Bengal Presidency shows the geography of Rebecca's life in India, from her arrival and marriage in Calcutta in 1807 to her final seven years in Purneah, marked with the arrow. To the east is Burma, to the north Bhutan and Nepal and to the west the region of Oudh, where John Littledale Gale was on active service in 1807-8 while his regiment was based in Sitapur and then Lucknow. As the crow flies, the distance is about 850 km from Lucknow to Calcutta, about 450 km from Calcutta to Purneah and only about 60 km from Purnea to the Nepalese border. Click to enlarge. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459263665176-VFPGQ88EPJQGFTRCE38Y/image-asset.png Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1458838335497-0I7M13YJVFR4K8UIVRFS/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459611223435-VU317CNBYEUBZWDSXHQ8/Silvera+Noel+George.jpg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459611286958-HQC3A62NEY17ICUD5S0L/Rampa+Lt+WA+Gale+RE+1876.jpg Journal - The Portuguese Jewish ancestry of Rebecca de Daniel Brandon (1783-1820) http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2016/1/24/black-and-white-snowdonia monthly 0.5 2016-01-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453762741503-S5A9WMNC6Y6M4NI9NJQJ/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia From Devil's Kitchen towards Castell y Geifr https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453762852238-C01K9F7GJ2WA74N7QM8Z/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia From Llyn Idwal towards Foel-goch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453762964208-LJU6LYGJ7IAALJ0METYH/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia The Darwin erratics, with Tryfan in the background https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763455249-P313QP6GK21WJX8A2T5F/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Black and white Snowdonia The Darwin erratics, with Devil's Kitchen in the background https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763559306-I5I9U38LENMMXY06JMAJ/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Black and white Snowdonia Devil's Kitchen from Llyn Idwal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763515418-NF9E461QOS7BBZGPJG2O/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Black and white Snowdonia The Idwal Slabs with Y Gribin in the background https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763026914-07WZ9DC93MLD5ZSQZ1ZU/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia Devil's Kitchen https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763093218-IMXITRZ16WZ9P4N55KVE/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia Llyn Idwal and the Carneddau from Devil's Kitchen https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763210501-AKCB9DYY79PMHUV4RGVP/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia Llyn Idwal and the Carneddau from above Devil's Kitchen, with Angelsey and the Irish Sea in the background https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763253816-TAW4H7OA09K2JZKX2LMV/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia The Carneddau from above Devil's Kitchen https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763304443-OVFPITNTO877FZE52IQV/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia Tryfan and the Carneddau from Y Foel Goch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453763362276-ZVBYA229YRMKIAYOJQYL/image-asset.png Journal - Black and white Snowdonia The south slope of the Glyders from Y Foel Goch, with the Irish Sea in the background http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2016/1/21/my-kinda-scene-david-gibbins-on-master-and-commander monthly 0.5 2016-03-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453403008124-2KXAH5E51L54JV9O09DN/image-asset.jpeg Journal - My kinda scene: David Gibbins on Master and Commander Photo by my brother Alan of me shooting an original Napoleonic period Sea Service pistol of the type depicted in the film Master and Commander. For more images and a video of this pistol, go here. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/11/22/brothers-in-arms-general-john-lawrenson-17th-lancers-1802-85-and-colonel-george-lawrenson-cb-bengal-horse-artillery-1803-56 monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448320527600-RTLYW8NAI3MTUTYTHB5U/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) The medals of Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B. (1803-56), comprising the Army of India Medal 1799-1826 with clasp Ava (engraved with his name as Lieut., (1st) Regt. of Arty.), the breast badge of the Companion of the Order of the Bath (silver hallmarked for 1815), and the Sutlej Medal 1845-6 with clasp Sobraon (engraved with his name as Major, 2nd Brigade H. Ay.). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448287339253-1Y4OAQQ6P89KUFZL4EYH/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) As well as their father, the Lawrenson brothers had an interesting military precedent in their great-uncle David Kerr, pictured here as a Major-General of Militia in Jamaica about 1805. He had gone from Scotland to Jamaica as a doctor, but was commissioned into the Militia aged 29 in 1768 and served in the war against the ‘Maroons’ – the descendants of runaway slaves – in the mid-1790s, by chance at the same time that the elder John Lawrenson was also there with the 18th Light Dragoons. The highlight of Kerr’s military career came in 1805 when the Governor mobilised the Militia against a possible invasion threat by the French, appointing Kerr a Major-General – the French Fleet was thought to be heading to Jamaica, but Nelson was in hot pursuit and in the end the clash took place not in the Caribbean but at Trafalgar (for an excellent account of David Kerr by one of his descendants, see here). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448466909364-7P44U9BYL4YP62V3MLPG/image-asset.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) A 19th century image of Invereighty House, the home of Colonel John Lawrenson and his family after his wife inherited it in 1794 on the death of her brother, William Simson (their father George Simson had previously owned it). Invereighty was one of three estates in the parish of Kinnettles, just south of the town of Forfar and about 13 miles north of Dundee. The house was demolished in the 1960s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448301014983-GG4BIBMGDRTMLM2IJLG9/British_attack_in_Burma_1824.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) 'The Storming of one of the principal Stockades on its inside on the 8th of July 1824', by Lieutenant Joseph Moore (1825-6). Lieutenant Moore of the 89th Foot was present during the Burma campaign, and this aquatint is based on one of his sketches. Although this depiction is based on Moore's experience of the capture of Rangoon in July, it gives an impression of what George Lawrenson might have seen in October with Brigadier McCreagh's force, as described in the text. His artillery would have been used to breach the wooden walls of the stockades and allow the infantry to assault any Burmese defenders remaining inside, using their flintlock muskets and bayonets, as seen here (Lieutenant Joseph Moore, Rangoon Views and Combined Operations in the Birman Empire, handcoloured aquatints published by Kingsbury, Parbury & Allen and T. Clay, London, 1825). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448539497225-Y1MZHOWKIRAZWWVSE1F2/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) ‘Charge of the 16th (Queen’s Own) Lancers at the Battle of Aliwal, January 1846’, showing an overrun Sikh field gun in the foreground. This gives a vivid image of the battle in which Major Lawrenson and his artillerymen distinguished themselves. Sir John Smith’s force was made up of a mix of British regiments, as shown here, and units of the East India Company army (British officered but with native sepoys), numbering altogether about 10,000 men with 24 guns (coloured aquatint by J. Harris after H. Martens, published by Rudolph Achermann, 1847. National Army Museum, Accession No. 1971-02-33-24). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448487287473-EL2JEL9R7OW19KEGXTFX/image-asset.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) In this photo taken after his promotion to Major-General in 1860 he wears the ribbons of his two campaign medals (the Crimea Medal and the Turkish Crimea Medal) and two decorations (The Sardinian Medal for Valour and the Turkish Order of the Medjidie). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448528074967-B7ND7CGIRMSZROJCSJST/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) ‘Battle of Alma, 1854’ by Orlando Norie, showing the Coldstream Guards. The Alma was best known for the achievements of the Highland Brigade, one of whose regiments, the 93rd, was to find further fame at Balaclava, after William Howard Russell – the celebrated war correspondent for The Times – described their defensive line as a ‘thin red streak’, later to enter popular parlance as the ‘Thin Red Line.’ This image could have come straight from the Napoleonic Wars, except that the British soldiers are firing percussion rifles – loaded from the muzzle in the same way as the smoothbore muskets of their Russian opponents, but far more accurate and with a greater range. The artist (one of the most prolific military painters of the 19th century) is thought to have based his Crimea watercolours on the sketches of his uncle Frederick Norie, who accompanied the Sardinian Army in 1854-5 (National Army Museum, Accession No. 1968-06-321-2). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448488371408-EK1LRYZHLYMWIC4MZO5L/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) The whereabouts of General Lawrenson's medals are unknown, but this example of the British Crimea Medal bearing the same two clasps as his own shows why Lord Paget and other officers derided them as looking like decanter labels, by contrast with the more sober appearance of earlier campaign medals such as that of George Lawrenson for the Sikh War shown at the top of this blog. The Crimea Medal was authorised in 1855 while the war was still ongoing, so was distributed to soldiers still in the field as well as to the sick and wounded who had come home. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448528384991-LGH4S7KTFUZXG7CXJG06/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) ‘Cavalry camp, looking towards Kadikoi,’ by Roger Fenton (1855). Along with the use of the telegraph, allowing the reports of William Howard Russell and other correspondents to reach the newspapers at something close to ‘real time’, immediacy for the British public was given by the 350-odd photographs taken by barrister-turned photographer Roger Fenton during his time in the Crimea from March-June 1855 (many were converted into woodblocks and published in the Illustrated London News). The officer portraits he took do not include John Lawrenson, who at this period was still convalescing in England, but this image shows one of the large cavalry camps to which Lawrenson would have returned in July when he was appointed commander of the Heavy Brigade (U.S. Library of Congress Fenton Crimean War photographs collection), https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448188107742-7IKJN8HZUBT87BTJFK19/image-asset.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) While George Fenton was taking photographs at the Front, John Lawrenson was one of four officers of the 17th Lancers present on 18 May 1855 at Horse Guards Parade in London to receive their Crimea Medal from the Queen, in a ceremony for wounded and sick soldiers who had been sent home. A list of all the officers receiving medals was widely published in the newspapers at the time. This is one of several contemporary depictions of the event to show the Queen with Colonel Troubridge, who was wheeled out in a bath chair - he had lost one leg and the other foot at the Battle of Inkerman. As discussed here, the Queen in her journal recorded her satisfaction in touching the hand of every soldier there, whether private or officer; it was said that some soldiers were reluctant to give up their medals for engraving, fearful that they would not get back the one touched by the hand of their Sovereign (Unknown artist, 'Distribution of War Medals by the Queen', coloured lithograph published by Read & Co., 8 June 1855. National Army Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448489938250-4PIU2IQIP1KL63BE4QW4/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) The Sardinian Medal for Valour, from the collection of the National Maritime Museum. This example is fitted with a loop and ribbon as originally issued, but some recipients had theirs refitted privately with a suspension bar and ornate suspension arms more in keeping with the appearance of British medals (as was done with the Turkish Crimea Medal too). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448399749034-WFDD4EIMPDPTSOG7LF4T/Lawrenson+John+medal+roll+1.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448400490205-CMX2VUI5YVWA6SRIXS7B/Lawrenson+John+Sevastopol.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448405715046-F63U512PJHY93TAJXVAP/Lawrenson+medal+presentation.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448400267397-HP2GJMYZ843HVMLY75BO/Lawrenson+John+Sardinian+War+Medal.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448235929280-HMC2BLFA7MN8UQAF9MJE/Lawrenson+Baily%27s+mag+1883+1.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448235957830-YAXJAV7F2X139VQT2IW5/Lawrenson+Baily%27s+1883+2.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448235982923-A8P5UMHJILN3TE6GFYLO/Lawrenson+Baily%27s+429+3.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448398994451-H6OOX9PEUQPB6YAD3AV4/Lawrenson+John+obit+3.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448399037773-SQ7RB8KBH5XGNIF6N072/Lawrenson+John+obit+1b.png Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1448398328618-DIRH504D1XSARHWJ7QYY/Lawrenson+George+Officers+of+te+Bengal.jpg Journal - Brothers in Arms: General John Lawrenson, 17th Lancers (1802-83), and Colonel George Lawrenson, C.B., Bengal Horse Artillery (1803-56) http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/11/10/the-stone-circle-of-avebury-england monthly 0.5 2015-11-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447193956379-ZT6CA5XAL90SBQY9CJAJ/P1330630+cropped.jpg Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447192278609-9YPRCTIFHVQATEST9V3W/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447192752530-YG24KAO3YGVFCB0EVPS8/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447192837339-RC0B7212N32ZBXGT2KQ8/P1330648.JPG Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447192879373-LFO7G365OV3BJU9O6C19/P1330651.JPG Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447192913357-B2C9LVGZN6A6M083QWVT/P1330660.JPG Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447192951903-KJ991Q2RZO37GV9QYE9D/P1330650.JPG Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447192992508-W7UYXOTXK43MJ2R5QVJA/P1330649.JPG Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447193077314-NRYP7JOZOZO9NS3YJS6N/P1330665.JPG Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447193117646-XCVL67WYHJF7HTL8CDRT/P1330673.JPG Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1447193143005-O719ATFXTZV9GZI08ZYE/P1330641.JPG Journal - Photographing prehistoric stones at Avebury, England http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/9/29/diving-the-wreck-of-the-james-c-king-1878-tobermory-canada-september-2015 monthly 0.5 2024-01-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443549313934-AFBARLPEK7IE6K9IQT69/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443555555752-P2PONQRD6U67SZCXBK9W/King+1a.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443555668890-WIHG152CKV5RTIYF4GYV/King+1g.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443555697785-Q5G411E716AKD44RLK3S/King+1d.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443555722554-WHA43JHX6CBB5BCS65PX/King+1c.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443557544061-EXEU047J66WP5BINT37G/King+1b.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443555781171-05EUAJC471QH5V5MJSS5/King+Alan+4.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443555799956-9JHQLD6CSYEXTJ4VXKLC/King+Alan+1.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443555818727-YXSG2NQNKZB0I4S1BYST/King+1e.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443555838839-UTUISAODQ6Q7RPZFNSAM/King+1f.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443556040894-PXAAED4KVZU7V5HU3ZJH/King+Alan+5+bk+bk+bk.jpg Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443556064208-03L8BV5X0F3S89E5G4G7/King+Alan+7.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443556083627-HNHHBK7IW9QNK2AJ8REQ/King+Alan+6.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the James C. King (1867), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/9/27/diving-the-wreck-of-the-wetmore-1899-tobermory-canada-september-2015 monthly 0.5 2024-01-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443366283025-610CF6T076J4HM200GOI/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368063779-BSDE2RILHDSGQ44XPE3Y/Wetmore+10.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368100479-8SGMLKETRQNQO8SRX6V4/Wetmore+3.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368165082-RCSXU9GFOKWM6G58EQOP/Wetmore+9.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368193530-0WXTET4HS9FWJA4TJJUZ/Wetmore+7.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368223309-Q8P2KP72ZE1RBJP2NFAW/Wetmore+28.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368259538-SFUW6XN6MW1Y3OAJW8X4/Wetmore+27.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368307502-J4LP23EE6623LU2Q1BTC/Wetmore+20.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368350260-2P71V65WP57D681NAPPF/Wetmore+17.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368371973-V4XKR3XNTDA36RMZ33TD/Wetmore+18.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368395033-18CMXY2034SYXWXXIITP/Wetmore+16.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368412131-OJB7QT5E7T3B8SJHKK5Q/Wetmore+1.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368436139-BV4CAWEUPETLY4X7L5B1/Wetmore+21.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368463898-6KE7QIBGMIGIYHBC9Q2N/Wetmore+4.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368504507-T4ELSVJQGY9XPLC3IAG5/Wetmore+19.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368529687-7PJ38AB1T1RM8OG1J059/Wetmore+13.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368548304-5XKJTRO1KNOAOLMSUTZQ/Wetmore+14.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368590186-TW70OUK1YLTG601ZMU8N/Wetmore+6.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368621971-UW9MZMF4E4HEMZSH5FGW/Wetmore+5.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368646225-K3SQ3YG1UHI1XOE0GPIV/Wetmore+15.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368684710-40B2C03VIFLMGOEVE58K/Wetmore+25.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368707494-E04XQ8BJN9PERKPDNYB6/Wetmore+12.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368729941-W3JFZDI3UCTZ335O87PW/Wetmore+11.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368787960-R3MABAE90N2BT823IOX0/Wetmore+22.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368812426-EN8GQIP7POLNK0ZSHCKS/Wetmore+23.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368872435-5VV896VU5R1W56B3N46L/Wetmore+26.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368939242-CIRM9DOZAZN0ODUQ6TKN/Wetmore+30.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368957859-ZLZOFU61IAYH7UT65O2R/Wetmore+31.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1443368976775-P1LZ6DHPAOH8X5F6N7TS/Wetmore+8.JPG Journal - Diving the wreck of the Wetmore (1871), Tobermory, Canada, September 2015 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/9/18/free-diving-on-wrecks-at-tobermory-lake-huron-canada-august-2015 monthly 0.5 2024-01-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442606366521-UBX9EG3A5SE7J0XFB2OC/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442608624234-F83M3I9MNEMHGBVOMYAN/Alice+G+815+1bb.jpg Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442608700576-S1RHSOEIONWX72BAM5IR/Alice+G+815+2.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442608795414-2PSDW9I19X0PUWN36ZIT/Alice+G+815+3.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442608826482-NDAXK946VWUGVINQGH62/Robert+K+7.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442608854107-UVNJ2G2EBFVWBZ5T8GKS/Robert+K+1.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442608873014-B08HFPLR01KIKS91CP8R/Robert+K+5.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442608891624-KHWC8AFP6HQWRHTLXAWS/Robert+K+6.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442609038270-4A9WRFQD1BA0W4X9QY05/Alice+G+4.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442821420477-UABSGRES46TL0WYDAQG6/DSCF2513.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442821437976-Q0L8TI8DP59PGOZTMNCH/DSCF2527.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442821458683-KF7F75YYPD6E7FL6DIVC/DSCF2532.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442821478355-WRERQKIX1H9ZQOQ1EFVI/DSCF2533.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442821500328-W9ETZ2FZ0T0J22BR43SE/DSCF2540.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442821522310-VA6OE766G6VTB6S86QRK/DSCF2553.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442821543542-SPZ36ENK4YZLIEGF1I31/DSCF2554.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442821564333-47211RR7LO7JJ214QOK2/DSCF2590.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442822853236-RQGK12TFV2UAXOII9T0V/DSCF2605.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442822877015-YVJ7UEFA2JRDE8XTGD2W/DSCF2597.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442822899276-C31VTFMCDIS6E4RJI2RF/DSCF2600.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442822924385-L1AM64R22EJP836TVPLX/DSCF2608.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442822943811-T5ZDXCY5XGH13YVPHV4Q/DSCF2612.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442822963067-UEK1WQTKJMBO9NWRG785/DSCF2616.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442822986483-OS5WAQR8ROPHKY62ODG4/DSCF2617.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442823005543-QPJR6L14IT6TVS6NPADN/DSCF2618.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835441637-J4JD8J2LW8WT9GG3NDKC/DSCF2625.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835461420-Q4IDJKWV8B0QHINPCG1V/DSCF2627.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835480604-16AG0QWZXFC98KGUSDH7/DSCF2632.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835499058-2HGRI5U9DZMLLJX8Y4GW/DSCF2633.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835521861-O0DJ8946IIP5NPDEYVQU/DSCF2641.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835540657-WIR0YWB2O938VSNNGN3G/DSCF2644.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835564012-24YQEXREXAE8RY8IQI05/DSCF2649.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835588651-DC8P22JV0WDL9MQ2A1JE/DSCF2653.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835611332-8TH9O4O2HZNUT1NCFJM3/DSCF2658.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835643836-Q7CVS4U1XGTF2S8EB098/DSCF2660.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835667131-UN8JCPBDUGSEWYQ6E5HD/DSCF2668.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442835689144-ILUPVVU3DFN2FHVBO2QG/DSCF2674.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442836082760-0UJWF25LRISVWZEWM00U/DSCF2385.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442836102354-GCSYFHS1JIFM26PJ4GFF/DSCF2383.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442836124101-1J7VCW5YR9R4JAPFNPTI/DSCF2392.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442836143646-XEYADA9QCVZBTEVUJCTT/DSCF2451.JPG Journal - Free-diving on wrecks at Tobermory, Lake Huron, Canada, August 2015 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/8/4/a-5th-century-bc-greek-shipwreck-excavation-off-turkey monthly 0.5 2015-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1438728235972-71HGX516DRM0QUN91KXV/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A 5th century BC Greek shipwreck excavation off Turkey https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1438728289533-QK0VT0U0KOM858740YPA/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A 5th century BC Greek shipwreck excavation off Turkey http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/7/1/9thlancersvulturepartyonthesomme1916 monthly 0.5 2016-06-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435777838920-I8F7W4N8Y7EABAB2NON6/image-asset.jpeg Journal - 9th Lancers Vulture Party on the Somme, 1916 My grandfather, Tom Verrinder, seated second row down far left, with his Troop of the 9th Lancers in France in 1916. All of these men are privates (the term 'trooper' was not used in Lancer regiments until after the war). The distinctive 9th Lancers cap badge can clearly be seen. Several of the men wear Good Conduct stripes (reverse chevrons on the lower left sleeve), awarded to Privates and Lance-Corporals for at least two years' service without being subject to formal discipline, and showing that these men were pre-war regulars who were with the regiment in 1914. The two men on the right also have the vertical wound stripe on the same sleeve. Since the wound stripe was first authorised by Army Order 206 of 6 July 1916, this gives a terminus post quem for the photograph, which was almost certainly taken late in the year as my grandfather was away from the regiment with a dismounted party from the start of the Somme offensive on 1 July for almost five months (photo from my grandfather's collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435779266144-SIT59J679FQUZDK36FCA/image-asset.jpeg Journal - 9th Lancers Vulture Party on the Somme, 1916 British army lancers - the regiment unidentified, but very possibly the 9th Lancers - on the move on a side track off the Albert-Amiens road, July 1916 (photo: Lt John Warwick Brooks, Imperial War Museum (IWM) Q 4054). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435770372952-QGSLQ5ESKOFDA5CBKMD7/image-asset.jpeg Journal - 9th Lancers Vulture Party on the Somme, 1916 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435778654942-5VRMUGS6R38A3SY0FWPS/image-asset.jpeg Journal - 9th Lancers Vulture Party on the Somme, 1916 Fricourt, showing British troops clearing away the debris, July 1916 (photo: Royal Engineers No 1 Printing Company, IWM Q 135). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435931747671-KAG3CQ8LBMCEK705EM2C/image-asset.jpeg Journal - 9th Lancers Vulture Party on the Somme, 1916 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435933266614-WF2OLBOX52T0KNMMQ9OT/image-asset.jpeg Journal - 9th Lancers Vulture Party on the Somme, 1916 'Salvage collected after the advance', Morval, September 1916. These British Lee-Enfield rifles taken from dead and wounded men would have been among the material 'forwarded to the various dumps' noted in the letter above (photo: Lt John Warwick Brooke, IWM Q 4317). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435779971176-BDUXUPMDSUIZAQ0D1IBQ/Somme+Lancers+resting.jpg Journal - 9th Lancers Vulture Party on the Somme, 1916 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435779996405-H39P2TFAWW8QKCA7FMDJ/Somme+lancers+Amiens.jpg Journal - 9th Lancers Vulture Party on the Somme, 1916 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/6/28/campaigning-in-the-punjab-central-india-and-new-zealand-1848-66-captain-thomas-edward-gordon-14th-light-dragoons monthly 0.5 2020-04-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435522781629-GUTNWXXYL1LLOHBHRJHJ/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Campaigning in India and New Zealand, 1848-66: Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, 14th Light Dragoons This famous image of the charge of the 14th Light Dragoons at the Battle of Ramnuggur in 1848 - in which the commanding officer, Colonel Havelock, and 11 of his troopers were killed - is the only contemporary depiction of the regiment in action during the Punjab War or the Indian Mutiny (coloured aquatint by J. Harris after H. Martens, published by Rudolf Ackermann, 26 January 1851; this example in the National Army Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435588829628-C5SGGVD1N0PFZ7PKC7AL/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Campaigning in India and New Zealand, 1848-66: Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, 14th Light Dragoons Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, late 14th Light Dragoons, in Bideford, Devon, where he lived in retirement and played golf at the famous Westward Ho! links (photo about 1900-1910, from my grandfather's collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453399121455-F6ACM9OQLVXEV3QLRPQO/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Campaigning in India and New Zealand, 1848-66: Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, 14th Light Dragoons Captain Gordon's campaign medals: the Punjab Medal 1849 (with clasps Chilianwala and Goojerat), the Indian Mutiny Medal (with clasp Central India), and the New Zealand Medal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435580920882-5L8YC2P8FPZTCQ4HHKM3/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Campaigning in India and New Zealand, 1848-66: Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, 14th Light Dragoons The Indian Mutiny Medal Roll for the 14th Light Dragoons, showing Captain T.E. Gordon and a list of the actions where he was present (UK National Archives, WO 100/35). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435666592010-QW9SUZH0IPNHHYAMIKXK/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Campaigning in India and New Zealand, 1848-66: Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, 14th Light Dragoons A map of the North Island of New Zealand from the James Cowan's The New Zealand Wars: a History of the Maori campaign and the Pioneering Period (1922), showing Hawke's Bay, the town of Napier, the site of the battle at Ommaruni, and Cape Kidnappers, the location of Clifton Station. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435592242958-TDDT3KQE4PKGF2M7NPTN/image-asset.png Journal - Campaigning in India and New Zealand, 1848-66: Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, 14th Light Dragoons Part of an article in The Straits Times (Singapore) of 10 December 1906 on the 'Octogenarian Foursome', including Captain T.E. Gordon (the initial J is an error). In fact, he was only 78 at the time, though the combined ages of all four men did produce an average age of over 80! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435580978561-BZYUZH2NV607ESE75TZQ/image-asset.gif Journal - Campaigning in India and New Zealand, 1848-66: Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, 14th Light Dragoons Captain Thomas Edward Gordon shown in the Roll of the New Zealand Medal (Appendix to the Journals of the New Zealand House of Representatives, 1873). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/6/24/private-john-f-lofts-military-medal-9th-queens-royal-lancers-1915-1919 monthly 0.5 2015-06-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435159705227-DTDBQ2OSIMJJ6NLPEPBL/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Private John F. Lofts, Military Medal, 9th Queen's Royal Lancers 1915-1919 Unnamed photo of First World War date presumed to show six men of the 9th Lancers, including Private John F. Lofts (photographer unknown, but stamped as a postcard on reverse). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435159792979-ZJ9P3E8B6FC03BJCQ1V2/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Private John F. Lofts, Military Medal, 9th Queen's Royal Lancers 1915-1919 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435159879872-MAT0JZRKHEASP3YPAXH7/Lofty+badge.JPG Journal - Private John F. Lofts, Military Medal, 9th Queen's Royal Lancers 1915-1919 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435159900238-W9H58GLVULAZMBTXTG71/Lofty+signature.JPG Journal - Private John F. Lofts, Military Medal, 9th Queen's Royal Lancers 1915-1919 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435159962474-AOP8FMMZV7RDJ8QRS0DX/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Private John F. Lofts, Military Medal, 9th Queen's Royal Lancers 1915-1919 Entry in the 9th Lancers War Diary of 25 April 1918 showing the award of the Military Medal to Private J.F. Lofts (UK National Archives, WO 95/1113/2). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435159989415-K4MG8D83741WR18XFX1D/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Private John F. Lofts, Military Medal, 9th Queen's Royal Lancers 1915-1919 Medal Card of Private J.F. Lofts showing the award of the three campaign medals (Victory Medal, War Medal and 1915 Star), his date of first arrival in France of 1 June 1915 and his transfer to army reserve ('Class Z') on 6 May 1919 (UK National Archives, WO 372/23/134514). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1435163081031-A9WJO0XH78THAH67YQUC/image-asset.png Journal - Private John F. Lofts, Military Medal, 9th Queen's Royal Lancers 1915-1919 An image from the London Gazette of 16 July 1918 showing 6876 Pte J.F. Lofts in the list of Military Medal recipients, and showing his home town as Bury St. Edmunds. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/5/30/the-rumpa-rebellion-india-1879-80-jungle-fever-and-the-cause-of-malaria monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432989418634-BMM96HCD8J14XK2NS4R0/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: jungle fever and the cause of malaria A view of the jungle near Rumpa from the Godavari river. The problem with mosquitoes, especially during the monsoon, can easily be envisaged. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432990321182-RJQNNYLVK3QIFBJRB5TS/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: jungle fever and the cause of malaria Colonel Sir George Everest, who as a young officer working for the Great Trigonometrical Survey was one of the first Europeans to explore the Godavari jungle, in 1819. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432993377569-LDAU7HXFWVSUHYLWSTG1/image-asset.png Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: jungle fever and the cause of malaria Tribal people such as these Hill Reddis on the banks of the Godavari may have had some resistance to malaria, as well as their own treatments (photo: Christoph von Furer-Haimendorf, Tribes of India). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432993879812-67D8OA4UKTJOYK7R1LSP/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: jungle fever and the cause of malaria Surgeon-Major Ronald Ross with his wife and assistants outside the Calcutta laboratory where he carried out his research, photographed in 1898. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/5/29/the-rumpa-rebellion-india-1879-80-counter-insurgency-in-the-jungle monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432901974379-7D0I6Y58GSYFWV5MBGQ8/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: counter-insurgency in the jungle In my novel The Tiger Warrior, Lieutenant Howard of the Madras Sappers shoots his way out of a jungle shrine in 1879 using an obsolete 1851 Colt percussion revolver inherited from his father from the time of the Indian Mutiny. This photo shows me shooting the original London-made revolver that was the basis for that scene (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432898966736-3JNQNY9RWI8PZ371ZZPD/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: counter-insurgency in the jungle The river Godavari close to Rumpa district, showing the extreme difficulties faced by troops chasing rebels during the uprising. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432900419954-K49MRNSPYOH22FHCNW6O/image-asset.png Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: counter-insurgency in the jungle This article from The Times of 1 September 1879 mentions Lieutenant Hamilton's action and shows a sympathetic understanding of one of the rebels' causes, the depredations of the local chief and tax-collector - though it also expresses undue optimism about the conclusion of the rebellion, which was to carry on for another year. Click to enlarge. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432902819351-W8EMAT74SZ4T6ND9JGDR/Boom1+cropped+2+1.jpg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: counter-insurgency in the jungle A photo of me shooting a breechloading Snider-Enfield rifle of the type used by Lieutenant Hamilton's sappers during the Rumpa rebellion. Colonel Macquiod's Hyderabad troops who took part in the second action described here were still using muzzleloading percussion rifles (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432903384982-UYIONFOHGARYG1X1ZMQU/image-asset.png Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: counter-insurgency in the jungle Click on this jacket image to go to the book page and see all international editions with links to Amazon and other sellers. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/5/28/human-sacrifice-in-the-rumpa-rebellion-in-india-1879-80 monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432818556217-FV3TTSECKQ46DVZGY76M/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: Human sacrifice in the jungle A woodcut from John Campbell’s A Personal Narrative of Thirteen Years Service amongst the Wild Tribes of Khondistan for the Suppression of Human Sacrifice, published in 1864. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432819072307-CPUWIVH6NDLU58TCJJSD/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: Human sacrifice in the jungle Photo of me shooting a Snider-Enfield rifle of the type that Lieutenant Howard uses in my novel (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432819374061-ZYQ14AKL7LFZERN2BBRC/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: Human sacrifice in the jungle Lieutenant Walter Andrew Gale, Royal Engineers, one of a small number of British officers involved in the 1879-80 Rumpa expedition who may have witnessed evidence of human sacrifice first-hand. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1432826915545-NNLGIAD0B1XGCPJ2RTRB/image-asset.png Journal - The Rumpa Rebellion, India, 1879-80: Human sacrifice in the jungle Click on this jacket image to go to the book page and see all international editions with links to Amazon and other sellers. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/5/13/the-sword-of-attila-military-map-makers-roman-and-victorian monthly 0.5 2015-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1431536393269-2G6ZGR1EXT7V8FMUQQZK/image-asset.jpeg Journal - THE SWORD OF ATTILA: military map-makers, Roman and Victorian A 13th century rendition of part of the Tabula Peutingeriana (click to enlarge), a Roman road itinerary probably set down in the 4th or 5th century AD - about the time of my novel. This section is particularly relevant to the story because in the land mass at the top it shows the river Danube, the route taken by my protagonists towards the Hun capital. Below that you can see the Adriatic Sea, the foot of Italy, Sicily and the North African coast. Clearly, rather than being an attempt at a geographically accurate map, this rendition is a framework for depicting the road networks and inter-relation between cities and towns - a little like the London underground map (this image is taken from an 1887 facsimile by Konrad Miller). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1431548632550-GPCCE9E18O7ARKP9L2DC/Gale+Kinnersley+compressed.jpg Journal - THE SWORD OF ATTILA: military map-makers, Roman and Victorian http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/4/13/a-brown-bess-musket-of-napoleonic-wars-date-stamped-msr-de-meurons-swiss-regiment monthly 0.5 2015-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428960556599-EQII9ZK4ZPSTLT7WOVKR/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428960681077-N6ZYGMPVPOK3RQ41AUSR/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? The barrel-maker's name stamped beneath the barrel just forward of the breech. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428960986006-GNSKQKYMT6GGUBJM0FQN/Gibbins+musket+MSR+3+b+compressed.jpg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428961000018-OGL2TZ9TC4B9G3G5GTCP/Gibbins+musket+MSR+4+compressed.jpg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442427923453-6354S893U6SV1K7ZFUEW/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? This and the two photos below (click to enlarge) show a very similar India Pattern musket to mine also stamped MSR, and also from Ontario (photos: Dr Derek Booth). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442427847312-9URZ0BHMRQ01I94T7EW3/Musket+MSR+second+3.jpg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1442427873618-4P36Q2Y5W2Z0U5M7QTBU/Musket+MSR+second+2.jpg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428961930199-P0D7PC3NLWUIBOR2MMTQ/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? A button from England with 'De Meuron's Swiss Regiment' around the edge. For details of the find click here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428963805140-9Q9NOJDNFAB1QYX8IMZH/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A Brown Bess musket of the War of 1812 period stamped MSR: De Meuron's Swiss Regiment? 'Colonists on the Red River in North America', c. 1822, by Peter Rindisbacher, a young Swiss artist who was one of the original settlers under Lord Selkirk. The man with the military greatcoat and cap in the middle is thought to be a De Meuron Regiment veteran; the upper of the two long guns on the wall has the instantly recognisable butt shape of a Brown Bess musket. National Archives of Canada. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/4/5/my-first-ice-dive-elora-quarry-ontario-1979 monthly 0.5 2024-01-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428245886354-ML7N32TH1M0XW3D88UWF/image-asset.jpeg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428246706997-MYRN38ZBIUYJ3LFC6ZHB/image-asset.jpeg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 A page from my log for that dive. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428247103931-KX8T7KLZ8M4MQ2SBK90O/Ice+Dive+1979+2.jpg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428247157865-MZA69Q8OX0L02DTJA68W/Ice+Dive+1979+3.jpg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428247175953-H7G0RBQGBM3SQRYM6PQL/Ice+Dive+1979+4.jpg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428247195964-9PHTVPMJ3YJYXVJM3WXT/Ice+Dive+1979+5.jpg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428247217119-88RF4ZDH9XSIG52W34Z6/Ice+Dive+1979+6.jpg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428247234065-H3H0WR1J332T9PNL6IO0/Ice+Dive+1979+7.jpg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428247259051-1GVGVNO2SKQ5HNGF63M7/Ice+Dive+1979+8.jpg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428247282212-NKA7UG6XMJT91DR0AMON/Ice+Dive+1979+9.jpg Journal - My first ice dive, Elora Quarry, Ontario, 1979 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/4/2/pyramid-akhenaten-in-the-ashmolean monthly 0.5 2020-04-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427980943353-DWSRQSQ1D5ZF3J16TM6T/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978606771-61TK4KIBFMUEMDWGH3L7/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978749690-P5H5OMMYAVX85JM3WYQK/Ash+9.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978804462-VRB4VXP5OOA01XOKFAX2/Ash+10.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978828741-1ZLCFFXYTYLN6KIS6C44/Ash+11.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978850436-IO390FXQO6AGI53SZDTC/Ash+12.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978889260-ADWB30VB6S8UQ9FY121Z/Ash+4.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978912619-UK1SYST1YMVYFP3AHCZM/Ash+6.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978939225-HO6U48L43K0RBUVO2W8B/Ash+7.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427978963297-OZSOSJW6426Q4GQFNZTF/Ash+14.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427979005034-D4A3XPN625OBC8JQJAS9/Ash+2.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427979027809-F4R14Y6TTODIVEH9IIYK/Ash+3.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427979370641-1JTP4KWEP7SNM7K0PBIZ/Ash+16+compressed.jpg Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427979304862-9P6JM9LCCYWADSBMRK82/Ash+17.JPG Journal - PYRAMID: Akhenaten in the Ashmolean http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/3/21/a-merchant-navy-gun-crew-in-action-february-1941 monthly 0.5 2024-01-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586761674640-ESC1WXV7J7CB2SYD4KPS/Gibbins+LW+gun+crew+VERY+FINAL+VERSION+8420+compressed+BW.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 Gun crew on the British merchantman SS Clan Murdoch in 1940-1. Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins, second left, Second Officer and Gunnery Officer on the ship, was the Gun Captain, and the other men were ship’s officers with the exception of the Royal Marine at the back. The gun is a Quick-Fire 12-pounder 12 hundredweight on a High Angle mount. The man on the right wears the Merchant Navy lapel badge, issued by the government in January 1940 for merchant seamen to wear while ashore in civilian clothes in order for their war work to be recognised (Photo: Collection of Captain L.W. Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586693627696-GC1O0OBDIJ516CULC1N7/Gibbins+LW+DEMS+gun+1.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 A photo from a sequence in the Admiralty Official Collection in the Imperial War Museum entitled ‘DEMS (Defensively Equipped Merchant Ships and Service), Gunners Training. Liverpool, 14-16 October 1942,’ showing Royal Navy personnel at the shore establishment HMS Wellesley. This one is entitled ‘From training at the sights of an anti-aircraft mounting, the second step is training at an actual gun.’ The gun is a QF HA 12 pdr 12 cwt identical to the one in the Clan Murdoch photo above (Photo: Lt J.A. Hampton, © IWM A 12362). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586693725974-OQ5TYKU1IKEKNOJ8RTTI/Gibbins+LW+DEMS+gun+3.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 A photo from a sequence in the Admiralty Official Collection taken in Liverpool in 1942 showing Naval DEMS gunners training ‘to use the various types of guns used on merchant ships for protection’. This one is entitled ‘Before being allowed to handle live ammunition each man under instruction learns his gun drill at guns mounted in a yard at the Instructional School.’ The gun is a QF HA 12 pdr 12 cwt identical to the one in the Clan Murdoch photo above (Photo: Lt H.W. Tomlin, © IWM A 8027). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586693678643-E539EE4W8NS0WESBLU8W/Gibbins+LW+DEMS+gun+2.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 A photo in Admiralty Official Collection in the same sequence as the photo above, taken in Liverpool on 14-16 October 1942 showing Royal Navy DEMS gunners training and also entitled ‘From training at the sights of an anti aircraft mounting, the second step is training at an actual gun..’ The gun is a QF HA 12 pdr 12 cwt identical to the one in the Clan Murdoch photo above (Photo: Lt J.A. Hampton, © IWM A 12361). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1426947844829-N8O0UHITIXS7DAPUQHXR/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 SS Clan Murdoch (7,375 grt) before the war. The gun in the photo above would have been mounted in the forecastle. My grandfather was her Second Officer from 1937 until April 1941 (source: Clan Line Illustrated Fleet History)(Photo: Collection of Captain L.W. Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1426948696139-Y65YRXLPX1YT4EOSWY8I/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 Clan Campbell (9,545 grt), on which my grandfather was Second Officer for a voyage back from India in late 1944. This photo gives an excellent impression of the wartime appearance of a British merchantman, including the grey paint scheme, the skid-mounted Carley life rafts (on the foremast and aft) and the armaments. She had been built to wartime specifications in 1943 with tubs for a 12 pdr high-angle gun forward, a 4-inch low-angle gun aft and 20mm Oerlikon guns on the bridge wings. Her predecessor of the same name was sunk in 1942 on one of the famous Malta convoys (photo: National Maritime Museum P22116, reproduced in the Clan Line Illustrated Fleet History). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586694079385-X6X134L3DV02RGDPPPIT/Gibbins+LW+gun+IWM+A+17176.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 A photo from the Admiralty Official Collection in the Imperial War Museum from a sequence entitled ‘The Trawlers play their part. 6 June 1943, aboard HMS Stella Pegasi, Scapa Flow,’ with this photo entitled ‘The Trawler's gun crew manning the 12-pounder on the fo'castle.’ The gun is identical to the one on Clan Murdoch in the photo above, but with an armour shield. (Photo: Lt F.A. Hudson, © IWM A 17176). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586694139774-78UMRPHV10NIBRAH19MG/Gibbins+LW+gun+IWM+A+12317.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 A photo from the Admiralry Official Collection in the Imperial War Museum in a sequence entitled ‘HM Trawler Lovania shoots down a German aircraft (Ju 88) which attempted to cross the east coast of England. 21 October 1942)’, with this photo entitled ‘The crew of the 12 pounder gun of the Lovania which helped to shoot down the Ju 88.’ The gun is a 12 pdr identical to the one in the Clan Murdoch photo above (Photo: Lt F.A. Davies, © IWM A 12362). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1426947099038-S7ZMSK2HCU64ABHYBVAK/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1586694318132-6ICUM96B2WBDR1UCWC0Y/Merchant+Navy+poster+1.jpg Journal - A Merchant Navy gun crew in action, Part 1: the gun and its crew, 1940-1 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/3/11/pyramid-the-sarcophagus-of-menkaure-and-the-wreck-of-the-beatrice monthly 0.5 2015-03-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1426080224158-0U0H5WILSSBXUTAEDQ5N/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PYRAMID: the sarcophagus of Menkaure and the wreck of the Beatrice The sarcophagus inside the Pyramid of Menkaure, from Colonel Howard Vyse's Operations carried out at the Pyramids of Gizeh in 1837. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/3/8/henry-james-gibbins-1803-1877-perfumer-and-watercolourist monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425865399517-8IYFXADQOGBX7A6NT9Z6/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist 'Rheinfels' by H.J. Gibbins (watercolour, approx. 22 by 29 cm). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425869312255-SH7JNA25GRLMGFRDYND1/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist Photo of Henry James Gibbins taken at Dulwich, where he lived in retirement. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425870030778-X5ZC6H4JEH8CVX4PXO98/Gibbins+Henry+trade+card.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425870069278-MQDUH4DFH9ZT3KAKDPNY/Gibbins+Cream+of+Roses+and+Rosemary.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427216892053-DIA6129URNXT5MYKNI3A/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist 'Near Brienz, Switzerland' by H.J. Gibbins (watercolour on board, 26 by 45.5 cm). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427216020497-0VCDRLW0W5SIJX0N63MS/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425863987457-0YBYWA8BXYVZBVA935R6/Gibbins+Rhine+view+1.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist One of three https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425864067735-W75QAIFPXE9MYT1IT3ET/Gibbins+Rhine+view+3.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425864924544-O2GC1YDESW31QIOY9MC1/Gibbins+Rhine+view+2b.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425866104906-88ZJPC8FZL2ZWNL3A09Q/Henry+James+Gibbins+Rheinfels.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425866298772-UBU3W53FOL59X014LPF8/H.J.+Gibbins+Lewes.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427224838000-RXZ391LB7GQ7QZEQUL1R/Gibbins+HJ+Hastings+Castle+2+b.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427218014999-426J87NXHAPO9WU6GKIF/Gibbins+HJ+archway+compressed.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427218058710-XH8HW3OTWU9H13YDL2PW/Gibbins+HJ+archway+compressed+back.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427218084527-QNJH4SSGRL7KODXMCWYY/Adele+Victorine+Gibbins+Uridge+1830.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425910027056-K723Z51SUEU0HHH5FPA8/Bear+Grease.png Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist - The Examiner 23 September 1825 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425910160819-JOTJ6LRXKS8IEP20AU74/Gibbins+Paris+arrival+Morning+Post+29+April+1829.png Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist - 29 April 1829 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425910405952-1G6JV9V4Y4N2UFYJRHIX/Review+The+Morning+Post+10+February+1836.png Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist - 10 February 1836 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425910536464-XGFUYTZQSEIVYHDTDPDN/Warehouse+The+Morning+Post+6+January+1841+compressed.jpg Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist - 9 January 1841 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425910693238-C4PYX0O3XJLYZL6TWFGH/Tapestry+16+November+1842.png Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist - 16 November 1841 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425910764264-9HYQD4IZAP2HNTQ5A2VV/Gibbins+HJ+Cream+of+Roses+Spectator+5+July+1845.png Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist - The Spectator 5 July 1845 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425910831139-3SQ4LJ4I82LLB89F3ZTK/German+Tapestries+Morning+Post+24+September+1849.png Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist - 24 September 1849 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425910912249-7QLCJK4R17VFM513RW1Z/Gibbins+triple+ad+The+Morning+Post+7+June+1854.png Journal - Henry James Gibbins (1803-1877), perfumer and watercolourist - 7 June 1854 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/3/5/pyramidexcerptfromthenovelbeatrice monthly 0.5 2015-04-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425572023544-2PDK3QH0PIY392ZZV6VG/image-asset.png Journal - PYRAMID: excerpt from the novel (the wreck of the Beatrice) David Gibbins at night on the wreck of the Alice G, Tobermory, Canada. Click on the image to see the film of this dive (photo: Alan Gibbins). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/3/3/a-1770-indenture-of-matthias-gale-merchant-of-london-whitehaven-and-maryland monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425419380976-LLY1935IE2MQG5LNA7CE/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A 1770 Indenture of Matthias Gale, merchant, of London, Whitehaven and Maryland https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425410328752-K8GPEZ6OAD4DRPSJ9BER/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A 1770 Indenture of Matthias Gale, merchant, of London, Whitehaven and Maryland https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425414431508-E37DZY88LA5NZVDOD3H1/image-asset.jpeg Journal - A 1770 Indenture of Matthias Gale, merchant, of London, Whitehaven and Maryland Catgill Hall, Cumbria, in the 1820s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425415177026-L5XF06I65YEV30X7F6AF/Reynolds+Jane+2.jpg Journal - A 1770 Indenture of Matthias Gale, merchant, of London, Whitehaven and Maryland - Matthias' daughter Jane Gale-Braddyll, by Joshua Reynolds, 1788 (Wallace Collection, London, P47). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425414825294-RQDULXG3LBJM4UP7NOKF/Gale+family+Reynolds.jpg Journal - A 1770 Indenture of Matthias Gale, merchant, of London, Whitehaven and Maryland - Jane Gale-Braddyll and family, by Joshua Reynolds, 1789 (Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, PD.10-1955). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425416591436-95GCYP8J1L2DQU53R8UZ/image-asset.png Journal - A 1770 Indenture of Matthias Gale, merchant, of London, Whitehaven and Maryland An extract from Burke's Family Records (1894) on the Gale family, showing Matthias. The same pedigree shows his descent from John Gale (born 1641), the first of the Whitehaven Gales, and also the descent from Matthias' brother John to my great-grandmother, Helen Mary Gale (born 1881). You can see the entire pedigree on Ancestry.co.uk. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/3/2/pyramid-sir-flinders-petrie-and-the-discovery-of-the-israel-stele monthly 0.5 2015-03-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425309540893-4FQ17Z0GIKI8O0TLQ3WE/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PYRAMID: Sir Flinders Petrie and the discovery of the Israel Stele The rendering of the Israel hieroglyphs that appears in my novel. The two kneeling figures signify a people or tribe, and the other symbols were read by Petrie's philologist Wilhelm Spiegelberg as I.si.ri.ar. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425310699922-295447PGL4ZDEJBW7EB6/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PYRAMID: Sir Flinders Petrie and the discovery of the Israel Stele Flinders Petrie in 1900, soon after the discovery. Oil on canvas by George Frederick Watts. National Portrait Gallery, London, 3959. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425311195461-KAI3F6VADUSQ0XWXWE0X/image-asset.png Journal - PYRAMID: Sir Flinders Petrie and the discovery of the Israel Stele Petrie' original plan from his 1897 report Six Temples at Thebes showing the Temple of Merenptah at the bottom. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425311620128-REN0JEKEDC7Y4JK0ZRI2/image-asset.png Journal - PYRAMID: Sir Flinders Petrie and the discovery of the Israel Stele The photograph of the Merenptah Stele in Petrie's 1897 report, showing the difficulty of reading the hieroglyphs on the rough surface. Height: 3.2 m (currently in the Cairo Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1425313461941-2WLCX5ZZKHRL32R4PSGV/image-asset.png Journal - PYRAMID: Sir Flinders Petrie and the discovery of the Israel Stele The final lines of the Merenptah inscription, showing the I.si.ri.ar hieroglyphs in the middle line just right of centre. It's a mirror image because this is a depiction from the 1897 report of the 'squeeze' taken by Petrie shortly after the stele was uncovered. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/2/18/the-sword-of-attila-read-the-prologue monthly 0.5 2015-02-18 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424267810333-OHX8WCJ3VB3DD05YV142/image-asset.jpeg Journal - THE SWORD OF ATTILA: read the Prologue http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/2/11/divingonthewreckofthecharlespminch monthly 0.5 2024-01-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423689430828-70MZB0JKIYY3AXVRG0PH/Minch+2014+1+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423689449812-PAJUQE9GGWUKFWI51G5Q/Minch+2014+2+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423689902022-R9QZ2B0YPK5DR9J91KNW/Minch+2014+3+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423689997507-G31AZ8Q3YZPRJ3QUAZXD/Minch+2014+4+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423690105733-7WV875VY4EH3MZCVDHTW/Minch+2014+5+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423690159770-CWXGIB3R42Y81P7G9DQS/Minch+2014+6+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423690192301-SUZL8IB3Z90AHL8QF2R9/Minch+2014+8+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423690205721-DW4SJU5FVYDPADL1DLLE/Minch+2014+9+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423690224318-RWG8NLJDFZ0WXIPKD129/Minch+2014+10+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423690238465-EKZVGVQN04Y9JXV8DU1T/Minch+2014+11+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423690261970-PHDHFP4NUXOPTS5VCYXU/Minch+2014+12+compressed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423690274888-Z9O3UK82DG80FOW5F5BA/Minch+2014+13+compresed.jpg Journal - Diving on the wreck of the Charles P. Minch (1898), Tobermory, Canada http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/2/6/blending-fact-with-fiction-david-gibbins-on-wreck-diving monthly 0.5 2015-02-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423222607528-GJM5IVW1AS76LYTGFXPA/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Blending fact with fiction: David Gibbins on wreck diving David Gibbins diving on the wreck of the SS Grip, Cornwall, October 2014 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/2/3/ss-clan-macnair-convoy-sl-74-and-the-sinking-of-the-bismarck-may-1941 monthly 0.5 2015-12-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422971911352-Z2RACZAAKZL8NFVSPS2O/Clan+Macnair+pw+compressed.jpg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Clan Macnair in the Mersey off Liverpool, photographed before the war. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422972713584-J3NT3UXQ7VYD1QTA3AGC/image-asset.jpeg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins The last certain photo of HMS Hood, taken from HMS Prince of Wales on the morning of 24 May 1941 shortly before Hood blew up and sank with all but three of her 1,418 crew (Imperial War Museum, HU S0190). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422975094524-OBEWTDS8HMZAXN86IAY9/Clan+Macnair+Ship+Movement+Card+1941+compressed+main.jpg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins The Ship Movement Card for Clan Macnair showing her departure from Freetown on 10 May 1941 in convoy SL-74 (an unusual detail, as the cards rarely identify convoys) (UK National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422975937732-P575ZC9WTQSBEOSFE8G0/image-asset.jpeg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins The 'Short Narrative' of convoy SL-74 by the convoy commodore, Commodore Brook, R.N.R., including mention of the departure of Dorsetshire and then her part in the sinking of Bismarck, May 26-7 (UK National Archives, ADM 237/1187).. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422976385980-K4NHC9PJMWP0CPNWUCPO/image-asset.jpeg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins The final message in the record for SL-74 showing the convoy split as it approached the UK, with the second group, including Clan Macnair, destined for Oban (UK National Archives, ADM 237/1187). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422976788047-ZWSZJSL848S4DEF2U8EZ/image-asset.jpeg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins HMS Dorsetshire before the war (Imperial War Museum, Q 65701). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422977146606-JUSJLVOLT7ACO87ILX6A/image-asset.jpeg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins The last known photograph of Bismarck, shells falling around her and trailing smoke, taken from the railing of a British ship on 27 May 1941 (Lt J.H. Smith, RN, IWM A 4386). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422974735391-E32EFKNAWPW5WH4ZSMEN/image-asset.jpeg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Convoy SL-74, UK National Archives ADM 237/1187). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422974347604-WI021WL77Q24WEBCE1SY/image-asset.jpeg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Convoy SL-74, UK National Archives, ADM 237/1187). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422973858821-OLJOOUAQ0OCNYKRRCGJN/image-asset.jpeg Journal - SS Clan Macnair, convoy SL-74 and the sinking of the Bismarck, May 1941: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Clan Macnair post-war, with her peacetime paint scheme and extended funnel. She was scrapped in 1952. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/1/26/hun-blitzkrieg monthly 0.5 2015-02-18 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422295001213-RKFJV90B5U9PP0WHHQ21/image-asset.jpeg Journal - THE SWORD OF ATTILA: Hun Blitzkrieg Huns at the Battle of Chalons (the Catalaunian Plains), by Alphonse de Neuville (1835-1885). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/1/25/mv-empire-elaine-and-operation-bullfrog-the-cancelled-1944-seaborne-assault-on-burma monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422225276396-ITBBPEY8CAU8TBDZNI4J/Empire+Elaine.jpg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Bullfrog, the cancelled 1944 seaborne assault on Burma: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422226274691-IHWI3WY0G2ZYOZAUXU76/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Bullfrog, the cancelled 1944 seaborne assault on Burma: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Burma Star, awarded to Captain L.W. Gibbins for operations in the Bay of Bengal, 1944 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422226845675-Z2ND6RJ6EEZQM9RTH4MI/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Bullfrog, the cancelled 1944 seaborne assault on Burma: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422227101516-1ALAUPO02YIXOB9SMPR2/image-asset.png Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Bullfrog, the cancelled 1944 seaborne assault on Burma: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422228951534-GWD2SK4F9LUD0BDL90IM/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Bullfrog, the cancelled 1944 seaborne assault on Burma: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422229146023-B484T9EHJP5KY5VD5J3Z/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Bullfrog, the cancelled 1944 seaborne assault on Burma: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Map showing ambhibious operations undertaken by the Royal Indian Navy in 1945, including the landings at Akyab on 3 January - site of the cancelled Operation Bullfrog landings of a year earlier. Chittagong lies on the Indian coast at the top left corner. (From The Royal Indian Navy, 1939-45, part of The Official History of the Indian Armed Forces in the Second World War). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2015/1/23/audiobooks-the-complete-series-atlantis-to-pharaoh monthly 0.5 2024-01-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422054404627-MIQUC2EU1B8RN6TPTF6D/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Audiobooks: the complete series, ATLANTIS to PHARAOH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422054751944-UGD8G6W29S1MB96FYQ1D/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Audiobooks: the complete series, ATLANTIS to PHARAOH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422054781837-7B51JOS78FYSSMLQE4XM/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Audiobooks: the complete series, ATLANTIS to PHARAOH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422054822340-Q27JOMOB12WGU7GKBCQ6/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Audiobooks: the complete series, ATLANTIS to PHARAOH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422054856337-IAPQHPTQLLWABWJYNJ4P/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Audiobooks: the complete series, ATLANTIS to PHARAOH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422054877278-707LDRG8Q8YJXAXY81YQ/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Audiobooks: the complete series, ATLANTIS to PHARAOH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422054908434-ZPT0CRUUM83O1QXNBGRX/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Audiobooks: the complete series, ATLANTIS to PHARAOH http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/12/17/mv-empire-elaine-convoy-kms-18b-and-operation-husky-10-july-1943 monthly 0.5 2024-01-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9cc9d850-8550-43e1-80ef-81c287d86ab3/Empire+Elaine+G3816.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 MV Empire Elaine on the Clyde in April-May 1943, being fitted out and painted in preparation for her part in Operation Husky. The 12-pounder gun on her forecastle and 20mm gun above her bridge are visible as well as the heavy-lift derricks for hoisting landing craft (G3816, © National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, UK). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/40698a0f-a17e-4fe1-b0dc-f50e632617db/Gibbins+LW+snipped+gun+crew.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins as Second Officer and Gunnery Officer on his ship. The gun beside him is a high-angle 12-pounder (© Estate of Captain L.W. Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4d2bc24a-d944-454c-b556-78957c8cb8c0/Gibbins+LW+photo+South+Africa+1940.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins as Second Officer, in South Africa early in the war (© Estate of Captain L.W. Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/28974907-52c6-40b8-8cac-1f85196818c4/Coultas+Empire+Elaine.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out Captain Ernest Coultas, Master of Empire Elaine throughout my grandfather’s service as Second Officer on the ship. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/bdaa24fc-75b4-43b5-b7c8-2b79062b90c8/image-asset.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 A page in the Force V Naval Operations Orders showing the ships designated for convoy KMS 18B, including Empire Elaine (DEFE 2/271, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4ae3985a-6640-4152-bab2-7bd6f010879d/image-asset.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 A page in the Admiralty War Diary showing the composition of convoy KMS 18B shortly before departure. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/37cbdaeb-87ca-4817-8113-5856d403f34f/Husky+AWN+24+6+snipped.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out Record of the departure of Empire Elaine on 24 June 1943 in convoy KMS 18B (Admiralty War Diary). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b29b4fef-e0da-4f35-9905-2d26e1bdbfd8/image-asset.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 The Ship Movement Card for Empire Elaine covering Operation Husky, showing her departure from the Clyde and arrival in Tripoli (BT 389/11/243, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418838811813-D8OU6VJNDWSE6F92S3PL/image-asset.jpeg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 A page in the Force V Naval Operations Orders showing the sailing order of the convoy, with Empire Elaine in position 46 immediately behind the convoy commodore’s flagship, Devis (DEFE 2/271, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418839212993-MX9XEBRVK8AHTWMREKSD/image-asset.jpeg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 A chart in the Force V Naval Operations Orders predicting the location of convoy KMS 18B as it neared Sicily - including its position just beyond Algiers where on D-5 (5 July) she was attacked by U-593, resulting in the loss of Devis (DEFE 2/271, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c4eaba27-a54f-40d1-bca6-d7e525a4a284/Husky+Devis.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out MV Devis, a 6,054 ton diesel merchant ship build in 1938 for Lamport & Holt Ltd, converted to an Assault Command Ship and carrying 289 troops, 4,000 tons of supplies and 2 landing craft when she was torpedoed on 5 July 1943 and sank with the loss of 52 Canadian soldiers. This photos shows her in the pre-war paint scheme of Lamport & Holt. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4d735cbf-2db3-4bf0-9573-5dfbe28e5130/Husky+Harkness+photo.JPG Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out Major Douglas Harkness of the Royal Canadian Artillery, shown in 1945 wearing the ribbon of the George Medal that he was awarded for attempting to save lives during the sinking of Devis. After the war he became a Member of Parliament in Canada and in 1960 Minister of National Defence (photo in Canadian Military History, Vol. 7 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 9, p. 4). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418839326121-HZXV6Q8RU0TTRSIB1HZ1/image-asset.jpeg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 An evening view on 9 July of one of the assault convoys making towards Sicily, showing the rough seas that had hampered progress on the day before the invasion. The photographer was Lt F.G. Roper, RN on the destroyer HMS Nubian, which was with convoy MWF 36 approaching the ‘Acid’ sectors just south of Syracuse (Imperial War Museum, © IWM A 18096). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418839469484-GDDLIX6MSQHUM74UT93X/image-asset.jpeg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 The Canadian and British assault areas showing Bark West. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/aa7c9d65-f1d7-4790-be27-ba188088cc75/Husky+Bark+photo+3.png Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out This and the following three photos were taken by Lt H.A. Mason, RN, an official photographer who accompanied Force ‘V’ on HMS Hilary, the Headquarters Ship for the assault from KMF 18 on Bark West. This shows ships of the convoy in line astern as they approach the coast, with Hilary at the head of the column. Empire Elaine was in this or the adjacent column, which was headed by the monitor HMS Roberts (Imperial War Museum, © IWM A 17945). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/20f0bcd9-1af7-46c9-b9ac-932ca5a2ad17/Husky+Bark+photo+1.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out Photo taken by Lt H.A. Mason, RN off Bark West, showing the Landing Ship Infantry (LSI) HMS Glengyle - a converted merchant ship - lowering a landing craft, and smoke from a burning vessel in the distance (Imperial War Museum, © IWM A 17956). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/631a4588-8dc1-43d5-8107-fc6b5f1d1266/husky+Bark+photo+6.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out A destroyer and the cruiser HMS Orion - both escorts of KMF 18 in its final approach - shell enemy shore positions on the morning of the landing, 10 July. Taken by Lt H.A. Mason, RN from HMS Hilary (Imperial War Museum, © IWM A 17967). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/29d9b7e3-d6b7-41f8-8ba3-97f8564a2904/Husky+Bark+photo+5.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out A Landing Craft Mechanised (LCM), Mark III, going ashore in the morning of 10 July, photographed by Lt H.A. Mason, RN from HMS Hilary. It is possible that this LCM was from Empire Elaine (The National Archives, © IWM A 17955). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e052839a-9a31-4093-9ac6-99c7c4bcffdd/LW+Gibbins+Husky+Bark+West+Elaine.JPG Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out Part of the account by the Senior Naval Officer Landings (S) responsible for Bark West, noting HMS Roberts opening fire and Empire Elaine having offloaded landing craft in the early morning of 10 July (Report of the Operations for the Invasion of Sicily, Commander in Chief Mediterranean). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/8cc7467f-4afa-47ee-8b12-3fb548091937/Husky+Sicily+Abercrombie+compressed.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 The monitor, HMS Abercrombie firing her 15 inch guns on 12 July 1943 in support of the US landings to the west near Gela (80-G-74836, National Museum of the U.S. Navy). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c52eb915-bc82-45a5-a700-b5ad5e471121/Husky+Sicily+Roberts.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out HMS Roberts on the Clyde on 17 June 1943, only a few days before she joined convoy KMF 18 for Sicily and showing her camouflage scheme (Imperial War Museum, © IWM A 17511). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/87867be6-b9df-472f-b033-a1eae4cb6c3d/Sicily+Husky+Bone+Roberts+fire.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out Excerpt from Captain David Bone’s Merchantman Rearmed (1949, 207-8), describing his experience on Circassia during the landings off Bark West sector in Sicily on 10 July 1943. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7923bf30-2e04-43d8-9d16-13e214eb6af2/IMG_7647+Husky+LWGibbins+Gun+18124+compressed.jpg Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 - Make it stand out 15 inch gun from HMS Roberts and shell outside the Imperial War Museum, London (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/96444dfc-af4c-4e0a-aca8-d1a57bce8790/Husky+Sicily+LW+Gibbins+11+July+sail.JPG Journal - MV Empire Elaine, convoy KMS 18B and Operation Husky, 10 July 1943 Record of the departure of Empire Elaine in convoy from Sicily to Sousse and Tripoli (Admiralty War Diary). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/12/14/operation-dragoon-15-august-1944-and-convoy-sm-1c monthly 0.5 2024-01-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418569459871-FLAF7S9H9JV0IJRS2ZT8/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins The assault ship Empire Elaine on the Cyde in 1943 during her refit in preparation for Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily in July of that year. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1421759264780-7B3JN87AAEW8UV0EO6OC/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Italy Star awarded to Captain L.W. Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1421760148996-DFLYC5Y14OLLPAGOAD60/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418553075656-2QAN64M1P2NLPMFKAWY1/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1421761914571-BKJTZ88WAF7EMA865EBN/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1421762545133-SOKW3AQ6IEBFBNQ939JL/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1421765249274-IKMBULA1T0T8QHGIV1AI/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418557490002-411T13C6KHSCGGN7ZOP9/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418565658929-VH903SB0MBUGZNBONKVV/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418565721865-D2YSCC3GQY5H1VL68OKP/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418565778373-63YYW7R643VBVRCNZJWA/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1421766181541-O9W5UJVTVQFM259DFTET/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418568154209-Z05TXQVE2REMJDQZ1Q0P/Red+Beach+operation+dragoon.jpg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Red Beach, Cavalaire Bay, Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944. A view taken from a British-manned landing craft. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418568386363-EU8VMNSD710V9MQIKIZ9/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Red Beach sector, Cavalaire Bay, Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944. Another view from the same sequence as the previous image showing British-manned landing craft making their way to shore. These are LCMs (Landing Craft Mechanized), and since Empire Elaine was the only specialised LCM carrier in Convoy SM 1C these could well have been among the LCMs that she transported to the landings. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1418568656095-1W6NN35B5DUQ5KDHB0NU/image-asset.jpeg Journal - M.V. Empire Elaine and Operation Dragoon, 15 August 1944: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Empire Elaine was part of 'Alpha Force', off Cavalaire and St Tropez. Red Beach was in the south-west part of this sector within Cavalaire Bay towards Cap Negre. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/11/5/a-dive-on-the-wreck-of-the-ss-grip-1897-cornwall-england monthly 0.5 2015-04-06 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/10/24/free-preview-sampler-of-my-novel-pyramid monthly 0.5 2015-02-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1414156148269-IWIPTSXKBPKSDRPSFNZ7/Pyramid+exclusive+preview+sampler+1+compressed.jpg Journal - PYRAMID: free preview of the Prologue http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/10/6/the-extraordinary-wartime-voyage-of-mv-empire-elaine-1943-4 monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1412604882188-54I3VHO76JU5M6XL4HPO/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The extraordinary wartime voyage of M.V. Empire Elaine, 1943-4: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Assault Ship M.V. Empire Elaine on the Clyde in early 1943 being repainted in preparation for Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily (National Maritime Museum collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1412605680272-C0Q2MV3RNIRHVSMM3H6X/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The extraordinary wartime voyage of M.V. Empire Elaine, 1943-4: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Captain Ernest Coultas, O.B.E., Lloyd's War Medal for Bravery at Sea, Master of M.V. Empire Elaine, 1942-44. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1412612099013-X726IPC485LQ6C87KAR9/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The extraordinary wartime voyage of M.V. Empire Elaine, 1943-4: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily, 9 July 1943: an assault convoy heading towards the British sector in heavy weather on the evening before the landings, very possibly KMS 18B including Empire Elaine (Lt F.G. Roper, R.N., Admiralty Official Collection, IWM A 18096). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1412610265816-HE6YOG2MMQWHHQ5LJTN0/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The extraordinary wartime voyage of M.V. Empire Elaine, 1943-4: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins, Second Officer, M.V. Empire Elaine, 1942-44. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1412606329294-L1DXAY63VV8N1LQ7KLD3/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The extraordinary wartime voyage of M.V. Empire Elaine, 1943-4: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Operation Dragoon, south of France, 15 August 1944: landing craft under British command after having been offloaded from assault ships, including Empire Elaine (photographer unknown). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1412611763859-3DH3MKLJKZOKVAT04229/image-asset.jpeg Journal - The extraordinary wartime voyage of M.V. Empire Elaine, 1943-4: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins Operation Husky, invasion of Sicily, 10 July 1943: four miles south of Syracuse in 'Acid North' sector, an ammunition supply ship hit by enemy bombs burns close to the assault beaches. Landing craft can be seen on the shoreline below the smoke. (Lt F.G. Roper, R.N., Admiralty Official Collection, IWM A 18091). http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/5/7/atlantis-a-million-copies-sold monthly 0.5 2014-05-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1399447161216-4OBPWS64XF4ZNUJM7QKI/Atlantis+ad+with+question+mark.png Journal - ATLANTIS: over a million copies sold http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/4/20/destroy-carthage-uk-paperback-publication monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1398010945257-N8EFW24DZMBH9Z2H0TV9/image-asset.jpeg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: UK paperback publication http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/4/8/ebyaigp253s1bbhxx5fvc0z8alc4w9 monthly 0.5 2015-01-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1396976643170-FZRO43UAU2TJC8OYZWKF/Pyramid+ad+final+version.jpg Journal - PYRAMID: an excerpt from the new novel http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/3/1/atlantis-daily-express-feature monthly 0.5 2022-11-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1393683153908-LXK1EP8CG6AK3KFDPL4J/Atlantis+Express+picture+compressed.jpg Journal - FOUND! Lost city of Atlantis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1393683668421-XRALUZO9PTL7HED8070U/Gibbins+Atlantis+cover+Headline.jpg Journal - FOUND! Lost city of Atlantis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1393683809647-JIBWTV6V5BPQTE4KHF1F/Atlantis+Gibbins+Bantam+2nd+edition.jpg Journal - FOUND! Lost city of Atlantis http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/2/27/total-war-rome-the-new-cover-for-destroy-carthage monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1393492579381-ZECQXIGHZ7O4HBAVHTXH/Total+War+Rome+pbk+cover+compressed.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: the UK paperback cover http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/2/23/free-giveaway-offer-pharaoh-postcard-and-destroy-carthage-sampler monthly 0.5 2014-02-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1393173288993-ZVMNYIU2GB8YR95V485I/Facebook+Giveaway+Pharaoh+TWR.jpg Journal - Free giveaway offer: Pharaoh postcard and Destroy Carthage sampler http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/2/20/david-gibbins-talks-about-a-sword-gauntlet-in-his-novel-the-tiger-warrior monthly 0.5 2015-04-15 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2014/2/13/murder-in-jhansi-1915 monthly 0.5 2015-12-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1392298666782-58K36XUBUWPILAHZK1L5/Gale+Jhansi+murder+1915+compressed.jpg Journal - Murder in Jhansi, 1915: Major Marmaduke Henry Littledale Gale, 8th (Indian) Cavalry https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1392299747961-SWJSYY56UUE7GYCNQMN7/Gale+Jhansi+tragedy.JPG Journal - Murder in Jhansi, 1915: Major Marmaduke Henry Littledale Gale, 8th (Indian) Cavalry https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1392300501416-GRJB7N64H1R4UVK0333Y/Gale+Marmaduke+Gale+picture+enhanced.jpg Journal - Murder in Jhansi, 1915: Major Marmaduke Henry Littledale Gale, 8th (Indian) Cavalry http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/11/25/pharaoh-firepower-in-the-desert-1884 monthly 0.5 2015-04-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429190112944-B6EQW52BDFFSB7RTNWCQ/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429190152865-FTN9R26PE20L34026PX0/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429190345044-HZ9LQ7STYFSRPTPV6W5O/MH+5.JPG Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429190380467-OXT0XS9R7J2XWIA8UCC4/MH+2.JPG Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429190396761-0GI5WVPVUCR0RQROQ0VJ/MH+3.JPG Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429190562090-Q3KCZ6QR79UG1Z4UHX31/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 Catridges compared: .577/450 Martini-Henry, .303 British and .22 LR. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429190737658-4GRCKCQ1I6I4RKZ7G9YG/Martini-Henry+11th+Hussars+Gordon+Relief+Expedition.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429190754399-K8P1LG6MKP326ZCA6TI4/Egyptian+soldier+with+Remingtons.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429191231664-Y6HU9QU4XXXOM40SNRCJ/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 Remington with breech open. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429191351037-RFP08CH8XU99VLDDEDK7/rifles+compared+compressed.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429191371734-15QP4F2HDXFEQVO19LE1/P1020615.JPG Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429191439174-SWV1CRRJ7C9YTMQ87FEB/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 Photo: Alan Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429191829967-SK4SR982S7H27KR59ABI/image-asset.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: firepower in the desert, 1884 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/11/14/total-war-rome-the-triumph-of-aemilius-paullus monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1384472666756-Z0EDM8XBPVYJENCY8IPD/Aemilius+Paulus.JPG Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: the triumph of Aemilius Paullus https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1384473010642-8QY4LEBU797PLON002TP/Aemilius+Paullus+detail+compressed.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: the triumph of Aemilius Paullus A detail of Venet's painting, showing Aemilius Paullus in his chariot and the horses that reminded me of the riderless horse in the Delphi frieze, shown below. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1384478814331-XQKPCDNV3JDGNID0MIE9/Rome+forum+2+compressed.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: the triumph of Aemilius Paullus The view from the slope of the Capitoline hill that Aemilius Paullus would have had as he watched the triumphal procession coming along the Sacred Way towards him, only for us obscured by the arch of the emperor Septimius Severus at the head of the forum. In front of the arch are all of the most hallowed places of the forum, including the Rostra, and to the right in this picture are the remains of the Basilica Julia, three columns of the Temple of Vespasian and the foundations of the palatial structures on the Palatine Hill, all of which date later than the time of the triumph when the slopes of the Palatine were occupied by aristocratic houses.Venet's vantage point when he was planning his painting would have been about two hundred metres to the right of where I took this picture, allowing him to see the sequence of monuments visible in the background of his painting. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1384479601823-RFSFSERP5F3LJEO75PB3/Pydna+relief+detail+1.JPG Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: the triumph of Aemilius Paullus One of the scenes in relief sculpture on the Monument of Aemilius Paullus at Delphi in Greece, showing the riderless horse described by Livy and Plutarch in their accounts of the Battle of Pydna. This general style of sculpture was not a novelty in Greece, but what was new was the depiction of an actual battle rather than a veiled mythological scene - the beginning of a long tradition in Roman sculpture that was to reach its height in the military reliefs on the Column of Trajan, shown anachronistically in Venet's painting above. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1384480574429-UKH5652BPTATJL11XXHC/Pydna+relief+detail+2+compressed.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: the triumph of Aemilius Paullus Another scene from the Aemilius Paullus monument, showing Roman and Macedonian soldiers distinguishable by their shields and other equipment. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/11/13/pharaoh-french-edition monthly 0.5 2013-11-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1384357301488-SWGTALR4YYL9XTK17Y7Z/Pharaon.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: French edition http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/11/11/the-war-to-end-all-wars monthly 0.5 2015-12-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1384176035379-7B9XEU5BVOI8F35YATEO/Braine+Communal+Cemetery.jpg Journal - The war to end all wars: Ernest Reginald Handford, South Stafforshire Regiment, killed in action 1914   A view of the Commonwealth War Graves plot in Braine Communal Cemetery in northern France. 6878 Private Ernest Reginald Handford, 2nd Battalion, South Staffordshire Regiment, my mother’s great-uncle, is commemorated on stone B8 – eighth from the left in the back row – along with a Lance-Serjeant of the 18th Hussars. The stones are ‘Special Memorials’ rather than headstones, because the exact positions of burials in this plot were lost some time after its use by No. 5 Casualty Clearance Station, based in Braine during the advance along the river Aisne when Ernest’s battalion saw its first action in France. The ‘South Staffs’ began the war with two regular battalions, numbering some 1600 men; by war’s end the regiment had suffered 6,551 men killed. Ernest was 34, had been a filer in a bicycle factory before joining up, and left a wife and two small boys.   http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/11/10/pharaoh-a-canadian-mohawk-on-the-nile monthly 0.5 2013-11-10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1384091826000-JQT86ZC83P0AXAWMKGLJ/Facebook+James+Deer.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: a Canadian Mohawk on the Nile http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/11/1/total-war-rome-what-it-meant-to-look-roman monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1383300296437-6MIR9GAL0ETGGYZO2B1S/Cato+best+image+Roman+patrician+from+Otricoli.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: what it meant to look Roman Sometimes called the 'Torlonia patrician', this sculpture in the Torlonia Museum in Rome is thought to date from the first half of the 1st century BC, and represents a tradition modern art historians call 'verism' - exaggerated realism, after the Latin verus, meaning 'truth' - that probably originated at least a century earlier. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1383301099234-HQB7W2YHRAPMG1SR8WSJ/Scuplture+warty+verism.png Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: what it meant to look Roman The sculpture that gave us the expression 'warts and all', the head of a herm - a marble pillar showing nothing else except genitals - found in the house of Lucius Caecilius Iucundus at Pompeii. Anyone who has done the Cambridge Latin course will know this man and his family, though the coursebooks don't show the full detail of his herm! One of the great revelations of Pompeii and Herculaneum - like shipwreck finds of works of art - was the survival of bronze sculptures, as most bronzes from antiquity were melted down in subsequent centuries for their metal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1383303962634-SLC0YW3Q4K5U50LKNPR4/Blog+warts+woman.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: what it meant to look Roman This bronze from the Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum - a setting in my novel The Last Gospel - represents the idealised human form characteristic of Greek-style sculpture used as decorative art in gardens and courtyards. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1383304538216-DRESGEYGA0UTAX54XSPQ/Blog+warts+ancestor+woman.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: what it meant to look Roman A wooden statue - probably representing a female ancestor - from the House of the Wattlework at Herculaneum (height 30.4 cm). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1383304689280-HMFYMQFT1RGESQ6OQXW7/Blog+warts+ancestor+herm.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: what it meant to look Roman A wooden statue probably of a male ancestor from the House of the Mosaic Atrium at Herculaneum (height 28 cm). This is of particular interest because it's a herm, with very schematic genitalia, and could therefore be seen as ancestral to the type of herm showing high-quality sculpting and 'verism' seen in the bust of Caecilius above - and yet this wooden herm is crude in the extreme and hardly a realistic ancestor portrait. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1383305057293-WQS2KI93CGA002EKW85R/Blog+warts+shrine+2.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: what it meant to look Roman A shrine with crude images of ancestors from the House of the Menander, Pompeii. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1383305137681-76NWJ04GPA944J12PN0U/Sculpture+Togate+Barberini.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: what it meant to look Roman Individual works of art from antiquity can acquire undue significance in the eyes of some viewers as evidence for trends, and this one - the famous 'Togate Barberini', of the 1st century AD - may have spawned the idea that Roman ancestral images were highly realistic, showing as it does a patrician carrying what are probably meant to be wax portraits of his father and grandfather. Of course, this is a sculpture of exceptional quality, and the 'masks', too, have been executed superbly; it's hard to imagine wax images of this quality surviving beyond a few generations. The norm for ancestral images for most Romans was probably closer to the crude sculptures shown above from Pompeii and Herculaneum. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1383307853194-ZLCD48FWRK6JPRUUD7QS/Total+War+Rome.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: what it meant to look Roman http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/10/20/pharaoh-the-maps monthly 0.5 2013-10-20 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1382283934185-PUUW9RK48G0J9HVGXC6L/Pharaoh+map1+Nile.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: the maps In this map you can see the short cut taken by the 'Desert Column' from Korti to Metemma, where they were meant to meet up both with the 'River Column' and the armoured steamers that had come down from Khartoum to take them upriver. In the event, the River Column never made it in time, and the Desert Column was stalled by the savage battle at Abu Klea and Abu Kru; the small force that was able to embark on the steamers for Khartoum arrived a day too late. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1382284395520-KSCMBGEYJV7PFO5S9AEX/Pharaoh+maps+2+Khartoum.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: the maps Key settings in my novel are the Governor's Palace on the south side of the Blue Nile and the North Fort on the opposite bank, to the east of Tuti Island. To the south you can see the defensive walls that Gordon attempted to strengthen, and on the west bank the fort of Omdurman where the main Mahdist force was encamped and where Kitchener fourteen years later exacted his terrible revenge for the murder of Gordon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1382284715344-8J66OPXG48595ZGXK800/Khartoum+Gordon+Page+1+compressed.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: the maps https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1382285305636-W69FZR0EJBT8P7ZRMEKI/Khartoum+Government+House.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: the maps This engraving from The Graphic of 3 May 1884 gives a rare image of Government House, Khartoum - the Governor's Palace - as it looked during Gordon's occupation, including the entrance compound to the left and the muddy foreshore of the Nile at low water. The palace was used by the Mahdist forces during their years of occupation following the death of Gordon, and after the British reconquest in 1898 was demolished and replaced with a more lavish building. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1382285609477-H7KVA0LQR1PPQQ0IQ352/Khartoum+Presidential+Palace.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: the maps An excellent modern aerial view of Khartoum showing the Presidential Palace - on the site of the Governor's Palace of Gordon's time - and across from it the site of the North Fort, with Tuti Island in the background and the Nile in flood. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/10/7/pharaoh-medals-of-the-1884-5-nile-campaign monthly 0.5 2013-10-20 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1381145542353-PMT9IB8X8Y12GYAIQZ13/165.JPG Journal - PHARAOH: medals of the 1884-5 Nile campaign https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1381143620895-KUZKHXNAQHPO5YRFLJLK/Medals+Nile+observe+compressed.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: medals of the 1884-5 Nile campaign The two medals awarded to British soldiers and sailors - and some civilians, including Canadian voyageurs - who took part in the 1884-5 Nile expedition. The Nile Medal, awarded for actions from 1882-9, has the clasp awarded to Sapper Mark Wright for being present with the expedition; had he fought in the battles of Abu Klea or Kirbekan he would have had clasps for those actions as well. The Khedive's Star shown here was also awarded to a participant in the campaign, with the dates 1884-5 in the band. Struck by Jenkins of Birmingham, it also has the date in Arabic in the Muslim calendar below, and on the clasp the star and crescent of the Ottoman empire on whose behalf - officially, at least - the British were fighting. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1381144288327-DK56DM0LSU01GE8X7G18/Medals+Nile+reverse+compressed.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: medals of the 1884-5 Nile campaign The reverse of the two medals shown above, placed on a copy of the official history of the Royal Engineers in the campaign with the R.E. emblem in between. The first version of the Nile medal, created for the Anglo-French intervention in Egypt in 1882, had that year beneath the Sphinx, but once the decision was made to award the medal for subsequent campaigns the space was left blank and the campaign date put in the clasp instead. The obverse of the Khedive's Star shows his monogram surmounted by a crown. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1381145246164-YN5EV8KMZQCCZQZ5J3DN/Medal+Nile+name+2+compressed.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: medals of the 1884-5 Nile campaign https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1381145443053-U76PIYI3UGQ9CXBPSGN4/Knight+Sapper+Service+Record+8.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: medals of the 1884-5 Nile campaign Part of Sapper Mark Wright's army record, showing his service in Egypt and medal entitlement. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/10/5/total-war-rome-interview-with-david-gibbins monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1380975500197-FAHPMGXZB7Z5CKK7ND9H/Total+War+Editions+Oct+2012+compressed.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: interview with David Gibbins http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/9/22/total-war-rome-ancient-rome-and-the-destruction-of-carthage-the-stuff-that-dreams-are-made-on monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/9/16/aq0204r9x2x04z8uy856k8hfv2uow1 monthly 0.5 2013-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1379356913053-SJ353LIAE5NYGRD1CQOA/Blog+Gordon+1.JPG Journal - PHARAOH: The Journals of General Gordon of Khartoum https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1379357013731-749EKQHJ2UYTZSYN96U9/Blog+Gordon+2.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Journals of General Gordon of Khartoum https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1379357113678-55AS36WESCS454QHGCKL/Blog+Gordon+George+Joy.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Journals of General Gordon of Khartoum  'The Death of General Gordon at Khartoum, 26 January 1885' by George Joy (1893). In this version of events, Gordon is standing coolly on the balcony of the Palace, about to receive a fatal spear-thrust; other accounts by Sudanese eyewitnesses suggest that he died fighting inside the building, using his early-model Webley revolver and his Royal Engineers officers' sword. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1379357173379-41T78WMHKM4OH40GEJWJ/Blog+Gordon+3.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Journals of General Gordon of Khartoum The final surviving entry of Gordon's Journal, showing his famous last sentence and the quirky footnote - unusual to the end! My belief that he must have resumed his journal in the five weeks before his death forms a major part of the archaeological trail in Pharaoh and its sequel Pyramid. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/29/total-war-rome-free-maps-preview monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377790068417-JF7QJM901JBUSHBLC0S5/Total+War+Mediterranean+map.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: free maps preview https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377792109747-A3M59WTEXSJHG2305OHK/Total+War+Carthage+map+compressed+2.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: free maps preview http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/28/pharaoh-the-sarcophagus-of-menkaure-and-the-wreck-of-the-beatrice monthly 0.5 2015-03-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377778022256-67ASZ82KLPHA95GMWU09/Menkaure+image+north+face+1842.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: the sarcophagus of Menkaure and the wreck of the Beatrice This image of the north face of the Pyramid of Menkaure was made in 1842, only five years after Colonel Vyse's explorations. It shows the damage caused in 1196 by Saladin's son, Malek Abd al-Aziz Othman ben Yusuf, whose attempt to dismantle the pyramid created the gouge you can see above the modern entranceway and stripped away much of the façade. Vyse added to the damage by using gunpowder to blow his way through to the burial chamber. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377723181453-9Q4CZ7YXKDBXCV2DOOGF/Menkaure+Sarcophagus.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: the sarcophagus of Menkaure and the wreck of the Beatrice This and the other illustration below from Colonel Vyse’s book are the only known record of the sarcophagus of Menkaure. Although seemingly austere by comparison with later Egyptian sarcophagi, it is of great importance for its age - almost 1200 years older, for example, than the sarcophagi of Tutankhamun - and as one of the best exemplars of the architectural style of decoration prevalent in the Old Kingdom. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377724870937-BEGQRW0B7HMITRY4H03C/Timber+raft+Ottawa.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: the sarcophagus of Menkaure and the wreck of the Beatrice A huge timber raft on the Ottawa river below the Canadian Houses of Parliament in the 1890s, the same source of Canadian timber that had been used to build the Beatrice at Quebec some sixty years earlier. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377725575513-DYOJAPTSX7I7RSKXKWNT/Menkaure+sarcophagus+2.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: the sarcophagus of Menkaure and the wreck of the Beatrice https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377720325497-7PDD8BXIQEAZJT2UITJ2/Beatrice+of+Dundee+Smyrna.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: the sarcophagus of Menkaure and the wreck of the Beatrice This watercolour, entitled Beatrice of Dundee in Smyrna Bay, September 17th, 1832, is variously attributed to the Marseilles marine artist Mathieu-Antoine Roux (1799-1872) or the Turkish watercolourist Raffaele Corsini. Despite also being a brig and being present in the Mediterranean in the right decade – Smyrna is modern Izmir in Turkey – it seems likely that this vessel is another Beatrice, recorded elsewhere as trading out of Dundee and like the other Beatrice also being involved in transatlantic traffic, taking passengers to New York in 1830. The Beatrice of Dundee was smaller, recorded at 174 tons, but this picture gives a good impression of how the larger Beatrice might have looked, with the same basic rigging and the line of gunports. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/27/pharaoh-canoeing-on-the-nile-and-in-the-great-lone-land monthly 0.5 2013-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377631072985-CXSASBNP3VABTNUOTK8Q/Algonquin+2013+compressed.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: canoeing in the Great Lone Land https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377632142698-2DB2DI44R77TOA5RLOX2/Algon+2013+2+compressed.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: canoeing in the Great Lone Land https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377625791837-3MDP9LS92QD9M8IBKEQB/Pharaoh+Deer.jpeg Journal - PHARAOH: canoeing in the Great Lone Land James Deer (Sak Arakentiake), of the Kahnawake Mohawk of Ontario, who joined the 1884 Nile expedition aged eighteen and later wrote an account of his experiences, The Canadian Voyageurs in Egypt. He was one of the few Mohawks who spoke English well enough to act as an interpreter for the British, and gave talks on the Nile Expedition as late as the 1930s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1377618460821-4JFBO9RKWFYNDZ6MTWIJ/Voyageurs+passing+a+waterfall+1869.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: canoeing in the Great Lone Land ‘Canoe manned by Voyageurs passing a waterfall’, painted by Frances Anne Hopkins in 1869. Hopkins was an English artist married to an official of the Hudson’s Bay Company who accompanied her husband on his travels into the Canadian interior, depicting them together in her paintings – as here, in the centre of the canoe. Her attention to detail and personal experience means that her paintings give a valuable picture of voyageur canoes at the time of the 1870 Red River Expedition. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/25/shooting-an-original-flintlock-sea-service-pistol monthly 0.5 2015-04-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429094706818-ZGOWF6OW35DBXKEB23O8/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Shooting an original flintlock Sea Service pistol of the Napoleonic Wars https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429094972518-A1W94SK93XRNDU0WJWLA/image-asset.jpeg Journal - Shooting an original flintlock Sea Service pistol of the Napoleonic Wars The instant that sparks from the flint ignite the priming powder in the pan. Click to enlarge (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429095254406-ZPE5KFKXR7H5JHHVHLG1/Gill+gunmaker+trade+card+1806.jpg Journal - Shooting an original flintlock Sea Service pistol of the Napoleonic Wars https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429095653884-S8V9SUR3OARZOABKADGB/Sea+Service+disassembled.JPG Journal - Shooting an original flintlock Sea Service pistol of the Napoleonic Wars https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429101574647-HCUFW536UL0Z08X8EBW1/Sea+Service+barrel+compressed.JPG Journal - Shooting an original flintlock Sea Service pistol of the Napoleonic Wars https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429095671443-WEZT5QXBUADNDTEW1FG7/Sea+Service+lock+interior.JPG Journal - Shooting an original flintlock Sea Service pistol of the Napoleonic Wars https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429095689675-TFOECX3C29G33TV6R7C4/Sea+Service+trigger+guard.JPG Journal - Shooting an original flintlock Sea Service pistol of the Napoleonic Wars https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429101237460-2ZEQC9MQQRJS1BLIB32L/image-asset.png Journal - Shooting an original flintlock Sea Service pistol of the Napoleonic Wars http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/18/pharaoh-free-chapter-preview monthly 0.5 2013-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376835500435-MTTFM29TX0SY9TISCRPO/Pharaoh+chapter+sampler+full+cover.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: free chapter preview http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/17/tobermory-diving-the-wreck-of-the-alice-g monthly 0.5 2024-01-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376755437912-JJAAU85QRMADB02OFV34/Aice+G+August+2013+1+compressed+2.jpg Journal - Tobermory: diving the wreck of the Alice G https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376763095831-AP30UW9V0UL0XKOM0E60/Alice+G+2+Tobermory+compressed.jpg Journal - Tobermory: diving the wreck of the Alice G https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376772864726-4D7V3TR9C6SWS0GAM3A2/Tobermory+Alice+G+3+compressed.jpg Journal - Tobermory: diving the wreck of the Alice G https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376763246386-JNBGYRK4RASPLQ9BC3DR/Sweepstakes+Tobermory+August+2013+compressed.jpg Journal - Tobermory: diving the wreck of the Alice G https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376772265765-JRBANZWVJAYBVL1VNCTU/Tobermory+August+2103+view+compressed.jpg Journal - Tobermory: diving the wreck of the Alice G A view over Fathom Five park, with the harbour of Tobermory to the left, the open water of Lake Huron beyond and Georgian Bay to the right. The wreck of the Alice G lies in the centre foreground. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376758998244-0DK7RQAG8GN43CEUG2DI/Tobermory+August+2013+kayak+compressed.jpg Journal - Tobermory: diving the wreck of the Alice G http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/10/pharaoh-interview-with-david-gibbins monthly 0.5 2015-04-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376153293880-Z5SUPXCQ8PC4WV223ZSR/David+Gibbins+covers+PHARAOH.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: interview with David Gibbins http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/7/coin monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375845890056-KGZGYUVV1ZIU9ELXKWZR/Blog+Antestius+coin+obverse+edited+dark.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: the coin of Antestius https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375845858248-ZHPE066RFYKXIH656QAF/Blog+Antesius+coin+reverse+edited+dark.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: the coin of Antestius http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/6/total-war-rome-free-preview-of-the-prologue monthly 0.5 2015-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375802068039-GVDD5RQ8HK796GJ7QT3S/Total+War+Rome+free+chapter.jpg Journal - DESTROY CARTHAGE: free chapter preview http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/4/pharaoh-the-illustrated-london-news-and-the-1884-5-nile-expedition monthly 0.5 2013-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375632129069-O92HTCJKDMBK60S3JBUM/Nile+ILN+title.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375634042590-W3SMQQ51LZX89IBTQ5WU/Nile+ILN+spine+web+compressed.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375632514207-DW9BEF9854LMAENYEKG9/Nile+ILN+boats+in+sail.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition The ‘whaleboats’ of the Nile expedition were its distinctive feature, and in some ways its downfall. In western Canada in his 1870-1 ‘Red River’ campaign against the rebel Louis Riel, General Wolseley had successfully taken his expedition upstream for hundreds of miles using native boatmen to portage and haul their vessels around the rapids of the Winnipeg River. He decided to repeat the plan on the Nile, using hundreds of specially constructed vessels based on the design of Royal Navy ship’s boats, oar-powered but fitted with a centreboard for sailing. Here we see an age-old image of Nile navigation, with boats using the prevailing southerly wind to sail upstream, against the current. Unfortunately this image did not represent the norm for the expedition and most of the time was spent hauling the boats through the rapids or ‘cataracts’ of the Nile, where the weight of the boats - compared to the Canadian craft of the Red River expedition - proved to be Wolseley’s undoing. After months of backbreaking effort the river expedition was abandoned without a single whaleboat having made it to Khartoum. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375632677198-ZYQDGZPQZ0PPPBVQR35B/Nile+ILN+boat+cataract.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375632742772-ABXUEBWH3CQ7MLC488HK/Nile+rope+river+crossing.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition These two images of the Second Cataract shows the huge problems confronting the river column as they tried to haul their whaleboats up against the flow of the Nile. It’s also a scene straight from my novel – from this vantage point Major Mayne watches his Canadian voyageur friend Charrière dive into the rapids to rescue a soldier who has fallen from the rope. Out of sight to the left is the place where Mayne and his fellow officers, and then Jack and Costas in the present-day, make an extraordinary discovery. This image and others like it are particularly precious because the Second Cataract was inundated by the floodwaters of the Aswan Dam in the 1960s, meaning that none of this is visible today. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375632895798-CMEKZBII28BUH657DGCZ/Nile+Second+cataract+Semna+photo.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375632974987-KJZCPAI47SISF4YCI0N6/Nile+Second+Cataract+White+water.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375633076935-8DDVIPQMK0OGV8R4CYRK/Nile+Second+Cataract+1880s+view.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition Three photos of the Second Cataract as it appeared before being inundated in the 1960s, the lower one a very rare image possibly of the 1880s. The appearance of the cataracts altered greatly according to whether the Nile was in flood; neither situation was particularly helpful for the expedition, as the river in flood was virtually impassble through the narrow constrictions visible in these pictures, while during the slack period of the year – as the expedition discovered to its cost in the final months of 1884 – the rocky shallows posed an even greater challenge, eventually forcing the expedition to a complete halt. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375633495653-7IJXJICYQ3ZK2D41QAER/Nile+river+steamer.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition As well as whaleboats the expedition made use of river steamers normally based in Khartoum and therefore already on the upper stretch of the Nile beyond the cataracts. Several of these, specially fortified with metal plates and sandbags and manned by a Royal Naval contingent, waited at a point on the Nile where the river and desert columns were meant to converge and then follow the steamers upstream for the final assault. In the course of the campaign several of the steamers were wrecked, including the Abbas, carrying Gordon’s adjutant Colonel Charles Stewart away from Khartoum along with some of Gordon’s collection of antiquities – a site that has never been explored but that Jack and Costas attempt to discover in my novel. This image shows another wrecked steamer, Gizeh. In the event, two of the steamers, Bordain and Talahawiyya, did make it to Khartoum with a small contingent of soldiers from the desert column aboard, but too late to save Gordon. This etching was based on a sketch by Lieutenant R. De Lisle, Royal Navy. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375633570944-8BOBG13OAOISGISF5C8S/Nile+warfare.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition As the river steamers approached the final section of the Nile before Khartoum they came under increasing harassing fire from the Mahdist forces along the shoreline. This picture shows in almost photographic detail a nine-pounder gun and its crew in the bows of a steamer, with soldiers crouched alongside with their rifles at the ready. Remington rifles were used by the Egyptian army – the British troops used the superior Martini-Henry – and this picture is of particular interest as a reminder that a large part of the campaign against the Mahdi was fought by Egyptian troops and Sudanese irregulars, with not a single British soldier being visible here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375633615719-V0VBN5MIVTODU4N0JZZC/Nile+expedition+towing+the+whaleboats.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: The Illustrated London News and the 1884-5 Nile Expedition There was no alternative through the worst of the cataracts than to haul up the whaleboats by human labour, as animals or steam traction was impossible. This beautiful picture, cut from The Illustrated London News and hand-coloured, is of special interest for showing a Canadian voyageur in the foreground, one of a contingent of almost four-hundred men - including some forty Iroquoian Mohawks - brought over by General Wolseley because he had been so impressed with their skills as boatmen during his Red River expedition in western Canada fourteen years earlier. Instead of the anonymous officer of several of the other sketches, this one was by Melton Prior, special correspondent for the Illustrated London News during the Nile campaign. http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/8/3/pharaoh-lord-kitchener-desert-warrior monthly 0.5 2013-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375553123867-8SQX34CHRSEGOS0ZOB0U/Kitchener+1885.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: Lord Kitchener, desert warrior https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375555206762-13FEEQ7QIKEGQUBOGOG2/Kitchener+in+disguise+2.png Journal - PHARAOH: Lord Kitchener, desert warrior A fanciful but probably not wildly inaccurate image of Kitchener in the desert disguised as an Arab, complete with Berber-style musket, from Brave Deeds by Brave Men by C. Sheraton Jones, 1922 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375554631497-ZPPSWBVSL2285SB5RFB1/kitchener+your+country.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: Lord Kitchener, desert warrior https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375554028519-48UMV8B9IDM3CHBHX3JO/Kitchener+in+1915.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: Lord Kitchener, desert warrior http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/7/30/the-sinking-of-clan-macfayden-26-november-1942 monthly 0.5 2015-03-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375191294083-9TVH0TSS4HH2NNEDOYDA/Clan+Macfayden+compressed.jpeg Journal - The sinking of Clan Macfadyen, 27 November 1942: Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/7/28/aerial-archaeology monthly 0.5 2013-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375026173367-MRY7AW8QL5AQSXYY41KA/Lanc+artefact.JPG Journal - Aerial archaeology 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http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/5/28/a-frightful-incident monthly 0.5 2015-02-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1369762898776-O8O338AYU6TH7HY9AGB4/Frightful+incident+2.jpg Journal - PHARAOH: A Frightful Incident http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/5/28/war-in-another-dimension monthly 0.5 2017-10-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1369753061227-TEXNRLRZKUDQ51M493BO/N.M.+Gibbins.jpg Journal - War in another dimension: Lieutenant Norman Martin Gibbins, Royal Dublin Fusiliers (1915-19) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1369754313249-RRAQLKMRNQJBG8DZDWZT/N.M.+Gibbins+Chess+in+3+and+4+dimensions+blog.gif Journal - War in another dimension: Lieutenant Norman Martin Gibbins, Royal Dublin Fusiliers (1915-19) http://davidgibbins.com/journal/2013/5/26/diving-under-ice monthly 0.5 2024-01-26 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The blade on the left is a 'blunt dissector', and on the right there would have been an iron knife. This is one of the finest Roman surgical instruments ever found, and the only one of this type to have been discovered on a wreck - probably the belongings of a travelling doctor, perhaps a specialist eye-surgeon. Length: 8.5 cm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428508868995-ZEGQ45U32XEJ778UOU1T/image-asset.jpeg Archaeology Stone tools at least 5,000 years old from a site in Ontario, Canada, investigated under my direction since the mid 1990s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428506758510-H2E49AX2DVSF37ICPDH0/image-asset.jpeg Archaeology Excavations at Poulton, Cheshire, 1995. For several seasons I was responsible for more than 100 students at this site, part of my job as a Lecturer at the University of Liverpool. The site was a medieval chapel and burial ground associated with a Cistercian monastery, and also contained evidence of Roman and prehistoric occupation. To see the cover of our monograph report click here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428580413923-A3KZSOAUVY8QZ4EGKZ3V/image-asset.jpeg Archaeology From 1999-2000 I was an Adjunct Professor of the Institute of Nautical Archaeology (INA) and worked for two seasons on a 5th century BC wreck at Tektas off Turkey. This article I wrote for the journal Antiquity shows some of the spectacular finds we made at the site, including many intact items of pottery. Click to enlarge. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428504133092-BEM2J4X2C1HEGCYB0CC6/Blog+Plemmirio+50+metres+compressed2.jpg Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428504150013-25X417DJ9G74THLAXIO0/Blog+Plemmirio+lamps+scan.jpeg Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428504170685-GE19QZ9CQQB3Y3ZTKSPA/Blog+Plemmirio+writing+1.jpeg Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428504193869-I1YQM85LWQC443OTKKL7/Blog+Plemmirio+writing+amphora+compressed.jpg Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428504216252-QK2OLY41FBFUR10N0QBM/Blog+Plemmirio+writing+EGTTERE+comp2.jpg Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428504231694-BXILSUO09NAD9RP3NS9W/Blog+Plemmirio+writing+finds+compressed.jpg Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428504252496-22PEPFUZQGU91S1X2K43/Blog+Plemmirio+writing+PP+compressed+2.jpg Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428504269839-HIFZV91YNE9ZXFECN6TJ/Blog+Plemmirio+writing+view2+compressed2.jpg Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376317621813-LBPHUMWESIWHJHOWWAJ3/Cannon+site+Hairy+cannon+compressed.jpg Archaeology An overgrown cannon from a wreck of likely 17th century date that I discovered in 2013. For more on this exciting find, click here. http://davidgibbins.com/blog daily 0.75 2013-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1369049485373-0QYLPFAHT71SLGX8H1ME/David+Gibbins+Ice+Dive+Tobermory+Ontario.jpg Blog http://davidgibbins.com/the-mask-of-troy daily 0.75 2015-02-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424626300307-H4SVSVBQS135KXOO0J9N/The+Mask+of+Troy+3+compressed.jpg The Mask of Troy - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424626317583-Q41HB6M11WHGUFVH0GSP/David+Gibbins+The+Mask+of+Troy+US+edition.jpg The Mask of Troy - US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424632952955-PB7GXXX3TQTOJZV3GEBR/The+Mask+of+Troy+US+CD+audiobook+cropped.jpg The Mask of Troy - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424637742806-J2BO2S5SGA998AHV8UHS/The+Mask+of+Troy+Czech+compressed.jpg The Mask of Troy - Czech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424638434933-ZHUP2RVB95BV2ULV7K0P/The+Mask+of+Troy+French+hardback+compressed.jpg The Mask of Troy - French hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424638464459-8MUT9VINQ2T6R5LOG641/The+Mask+of+Troy+French+paperback+compressed.jpg The Mask of Troy - French paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424638531228-OXHSF0RGO752PGSKAXA7/The+Mask+of+Troy+French+ebook.jpg The Mask of Troy - French ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424639126333-U4B5SWO4LU6CG0JNJ54S/The+Mask+of+Troy+Greek+compressed.jpg The Mask of Troy - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424639614297-Y3OSCJ0A3LRMOGDGTVH1/The+Mask+of+Troy+Latvian+compressed.jpg The Mask of Troy - Latvian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424639969762-K5U1X9ND80XYKDYUTMK3/The+Mask+of+Troy+Slovakian.jpg The Mask of Troy - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640332605-RK633SNEADOEUPZL02PH/The+Mask+of+Troy+Turkish+compressed.jpg The Mask of Troy - Turkish http://davidgibbins.com/origins daily 0.75 2013-06-16 http://davidgibbins.com/historicfirearms daily 0.75 2015-11-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429014499111-L1I5Z5BYKJDAX27TSGIX/Gibbins+musket+MSR+1.jpg Historic firearms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429016181912-XFQCSWUWHD9PW0BQN3F6/image-asset.jpeg Historic firearms Image of me shooting an 1860s Snider-Enfield rifle, just as Lieutenant Howard does in my novel The Tiger Warrior (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429273272513-X31I7EWLZ63JQGJJ87DD/image-asset.jpeg Historic firearms c 1805 flintlock Sea Service pistol, with belt hook. For more on this pistol including a video of me shooting it, see here (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429104155614-29NZRKZ0V4TFDT5YY7KG/image-asset.jpeg Historic firearms A 50 calibre flintlock rifle I built myself closely modelled on an actual Pennsylvania rifle of about 1770-80. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429365558918-A58BAY6UYZNKTMLCNE4N/Shooting+flintlock+compressed.jpg Historic firearms - Flintlock Pennsylvania rifle https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429270619540-YXV05TGNDICAU933YCC7/Image92.jpg Historic firearms - 1849 Colt revolver https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429270638312-6M6H0PT097B9KZZRDID1/David+Gibbins+fires+Webley+2010b.jpg Historic firearms - 1890 Webley revolver https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429270657030-0AU2QQUMQ44FSF585DHU/Matthew+shooting+1856+forager.jpg Historic firearms - 1856 Enfield smoothbore conversion https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446740234859-WLQ18GABGO03VNYSFO8G/Lantaka+shoot+1+modifed+compressed.jpg Historic firearms - Late 18th century Malaysian cannon https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446740266062-GL9U9UP7MFVP2167RLGN/Lantaka+shoot+2+compressed.jpg Historic firearms - Late 18th century Malaysian cannon https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429272257744-PDF81IWY50ANXF53HABN/Sea+Service+screen+shot.png Historic firearms - c 1805 Sea Service pistol https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429272928617-O5H1WWLYWUHTI2HLWKMB/Lee-Enfield+five+rounds+compressed.jpg Historic firearms - 1943 Lee-Enfield rifle https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429365398206-AXQ6TH1OHJRI5RFMWIGC/Martini+fire+5b+close+up+compressed.jpg Historic firearms - 1882 Martini-Henry rifle http://davidgibbins.com/crusader-gold daily 0.75 2015-02-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424009153199-PWKPRNHU7TSDVW7UNQR8/Crusader+Gold+Gibbins+cover+compressed.jpg Crusader Gold - 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Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. http://davidgibbins.com/atlantis daily 0.75 2015-02-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423886050639-F63W7X8U1DMV000JW5V5/Atlantis+Mexico+cropped.jpg Atlantis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423520008500-QI4M8WXRMU6K8JR0MCF8/Atlantis+hardback+cover.jpg Atlantis - UK editions UK eitions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424192575436-1V8BFL175CTU6S4Z9T6D/Atlantis+collection+Kindle+Edition.jpg Atlantis - UK ebook collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423852495421-P7D3X7ZO3OQ52BXNUGZX/Atlantis+US+first+cover.jpg Atlantis - US first cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423520022734-U14MDK3EP8DGNPYNG574/Atlantis+Bantam+Dell+2.jpg Atlantis - US second cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423522092451-JH5I1X96JT0URN44MXWO/Atlantis+Wheeler+publishing+bk.jpg Atlantis - US large print https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423860533707-4A85KUAQV5XOCNS8IQAI/Atlantis+cassette.jpg Atlantis - UK cassette https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423860806091-LTCZRIEIV599Z3PR05CH/Atlantis+UK+CD.jpg Atlantis - UK CD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423520074194-NESYJGU6L5OS1FM8PSG5/Atlantis+Tantor+audiobook+compressed+edited.jpg Atlantis - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423842821147-LRULDZ4R7P4FF9YJT7H2/Amazon+Portuguese.jpg Atlantis - Brazilian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423861522559-VHRZKWGA0N0S0XR5G20Y/Atlantis+UK+pbk.png Atlantis - Bulgarian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423840941976-A9CMEHALXNTRDJSYED93/Atlantis+Catalan.png Atlantis - Catalan https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423860284956-VJNS7H112NY8PJP20W78/Atlantis+Chinese.jpg Atlantis - Chinese https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423854401074-K1ZQU18TT8IGR7D17SCC/Atlantis+Croatian+1.jpg Atlantis - Croatian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423850907502-IX7HOZN2BW5Q4KVYE55B/Atlantis+Czech.jpg Atlantis - Czech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423859979592-6V3YMNCC6TQSXM7VWRYY/Atlantis+Dutch+1.jpg Atlantis - Dutch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423520631740-F1RAJ58QZUB83XKCMDA4/Atlantis+Fr+pocket.jpg Atlantis - French https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423520595218-WWHJYKDXN50TQ2G703JT/Atlantis+German.png Atlantis - German first cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423839817546-5E27ZEL6YO6Z7DQMD2BX/Atlantis+German+2.jpg Atlantis - German second cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423843928245-2UZJZOUIP6X8QWF2AB7B/Atlantis+Greek+compressed.jpg Atlantis - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424797026135-NVQUH5J2M16EG6VSE5XB/Atlantis+Hebrew+compressed.jpg Atlantis - Hebrew https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423851359756-2WM6TR6SF3T05WERO5WX/Atlantis+Hungary+2.jpg Atlantis - Hungarian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423849504452-N8KIU0TNZXS0H3Q55GLD/Atlantis+Indonesia.jpg Atlantis - Indonesian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423521288161-IQCTTQWHTDW1EDB0L75X/Atlantis+Italian+pocket.png Atlantis - Italian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423521623570-W6NBH8I7THQLOBE04WCN/Atlantis+Italian+kindle+bk.jpg Atlantis - Italian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423841942514-34X7T89I4NC96KNOQE6W/Atlantis+Malaysian.png Atlantis - Japanese first cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423842202156-WUTCZKDYCI4SDMGV3S9T/Atlantis+Malaysian+second+cover.png Atlantis - Japanese second cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423848422315-W1ZHP240VN8ZZB87IW0R/Atlantis+Latvia.jpg Atlantis - Latvian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423847006312-LEQRC1G5M5RFBMQSNNOI/Atlantis+Lithuania.jpg Atlantis - Lithuanian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423859430905-OTINZDZIHSJWUF5UEVE9/Atlantis+Polish+first.jpg Atlantis - Polish first cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423843273040-JRU83VU4Q93P57NP9A7D/Atlantis+Poland+second+cover.jpg Atlantis - Polish second cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423847252469-7P5KEFMVP28MAVTO6B56/Atlantis+Portugal+2.jpg Atlantis - Portuguese https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423851805371-QNZKYPV6DDNH1YT52D7D/Atlantis+Romanian+2.jpg Atlantis - Romanian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423839505656-P53AWOVOYJO2D1VTSP06/Atlantis+Russia.jpg Atlantis - Russian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424112655996-IU9LBYOCLSC4R2S7MYXW/Atlantis+Russia+paperback.jpg Atlantis - Russian paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424806140715-OB402WBVH1ITT4GGNVTN/Atlantis+Russian+ebook.jpg Atlantis - Russian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423848912150-X3L46JG4X9AQHU4PTB2H/Atlantis+Serbian.jpg Atlantis - Serbian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423850149857-9MPUQDDFB8F2A7UY3Y8W/Atlantis+Slovakia.jpg Atlantis - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423853560340-800558T1W6MAZPFJIIFZ/Atlantis+Slovenia.jpg Atlantis - Slovenian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423841044341-BF7NZ4NSM2U95H0RK5RA/Atlantis+Spanish.png Atlantis - Spanish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423838999439-FFVBK7LBT4IJ4HCDNOOA/Atlantis+Sweden.jpg Atlantis - Swedish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423843506739-5GJ51PRCT3AH84H5B69S/Atlantis+Turkish.jpg Atlantis - Turkish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423883510896-CXRPDWPOLEXD2IHKKDUV/Atlantis+Thai+2.jpg Atlantis - Thai https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1423861242541-T6D3N557JJI9ZWS965G3/Atlantis+Ukrainian.jpg Atlantis - Ukrainian http://davidgibbins.com/the-gods-of-atlantis daily 0.75 2015-02-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424702020346-1WWVJSWFQ2OI1LOISAM1/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+UK+compressed.jpg The Gods of Atlantis (Atlantis Gods) - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424702033533-WISLB0J2D2HB552J0C71/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+US+compressed.jpg The Gods of Atlantis (Atlantis Gods) - US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424702045650-OH4PS4H6Q9G6A5W4ZP04/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+US+CD+audiobook.jpg The Gods of Atlantis (Atlantis Gods) - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424702894197-30I7UF8MYGM56SVII6AL/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+French+hardback+compressed.jpg The Gods of Atlantis (Atlantis Gods) - French hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424702940686-J60BTUI1BS5TTO6M8M7J/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+French+paperback+compressed.jpg The Gods of Atlantis (Atlantis Gods) - French paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424702995114-93AWJ1G44EPUA6XWJCG0/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+French+ebook+compresse.jpg The Gods of Atlantis (Atlantis Gods) - French ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424703446941-6W8B7JO58S92ZP4ANO8B/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+Greek+compressed.png The Gods of Atlantis (Atlantis Gods) - Greek http://davidgibbins.com/diving daily 0.75 2022-11-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428354618304-WA3G1DFJGU9AM36TFJDC/David+diving+Nelson+bk+bk+compressed.jpg Diving I couldn't wait to dive - a photo of me in New Zealand in the summer of 1966 aged three with cellophane mask, toy garden rake snorkel and rubber glove fins. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428410824452-BDSNFGH1ZQW0J4WKYZN4/image-asset.jpeg Diving Emerging from my first ice dive, March 1979. Click here for more images from that dive, and here for an ice dive in 2011. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428411013869-5QWXG556ZDNM7OJ286M9/image-asset.jpeg Diving Raising an amphora from a Roman wreck off Sicily. For more on that site see my Archaeology page. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428413200943-6MQYTSLQSK6CC3X12DEZ/Diving+David+Tobermory+line+compressed.jpg Diving - Tobermory: Alice G wreck https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428413230426-7HDQINDK1RE5C6RY2YL7/Diving+David+Ice+recent+2.jpg Diving - Tobermory: Lighthouse Point https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428413251345-B2IRWNN8759B2M66W36P/Diving+David+Mexico+cave+compressed.jpg Diving - Cozumel, Mexico https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428413293706-KV25GDOUPWO6WOOZLDKR/Diving+David+gun+Cornwal+2014+compressed.jpg Diving - Cannon wreck, UK https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428418289186-BJGCJVJFR9OB019D1T0P/Diving+under+ice+screenshot+compressed.jpg Diving - Under ice https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428418318132-8XXRIAHWIQQ4O3LK88IQ/Diving+night+thumb+compressed.jpg Diving - At night https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428418347420-QTCE24YFZSA0O3MW6JXM/Diving+Devil%27s+Bellows+screenshot+compressed.jpg Diving - The Devil's Bellows https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428418382827-CE9KN9NV76HHIK0I1N97/Diving+Grip+screenshot+compressed.jpg Diving - SS Grip http://davidgibbins.com/archaeological-travel daily 0.75 2013-08-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1376321538302-HSDTEVEMR3GTTSDNYUGR/Assos+columns+shot+compressed+2.jpg Archaeological travel http://davidgibbins.com/literature-and-music daily 0.75 2015-04-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1372717456615-H0K6UOM82BA175JJG372/Gibbins+books+Industry+compressed.jpg Literature and music https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1372717727163-1Y81D4NE1XNMNJP20NGS/Gibbins+A+shorter+working+day+c2.jpg Literature and music https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1372717847998-65FMRU9R41NZNTJFO5D0/WA+Gale+books+compressed+2.jpg Literature and music http://davidgibbins.com/total-war-rome-destroy-carthage daily 0.75 2024-02-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1374957089899-55SI7H42YTMX2PX2K9ZW/IMG_0003.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1393495328631-7H538OR17YKX21ZZR6AJ/Total+War+Rome+Destroy+Carthage+full+layout+compressed.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4ecfef75-8a78-4e31-956b-ffbaeda463e7/Total+War+Rome+full+jacket+redo+compressed.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375795119355-OOUUV2QL9MIDCO2UZSKN/Total+War+Rome+free+chapter.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424182906880-FXM3OS2DMYZBRO8C2C31/image-asset.jpeg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage Over 100,000 samplers with the Prologue were produced. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422612064969-4GRSKKWGQD8C33JAQ45Y/Gibbins+Total+War+Rome+cover+1+edited+compressed+wpg.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - UK hardback UK hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422612132744-RHRB5HUNX6U4DUBA1H2W/Total+War+Rome+pbk+cover+compressed+small.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - UK paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422612398106-9EAJFGYKK3ZSX0VGZM5T/TWR+USA+compressed+wpg.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422613530709-ZOVY9NKNIUSO5N48QI2O/TWR+Brazil.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - Brazilian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422613810149-X31XDY7OILR7VVNGJTEL/TWR+Netherlands.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - Dutch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422612448706-5R9A3KYYWD6NAMQQSXK2/TWR+France.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - French hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424179300983-2GVIZ3ENYN11B6W1DPFA/Carthage+French+paperback.png Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - French paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422613656301-SHOMPIGO0RAYBYEG0M97/TWR+Germany+1.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - German https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1422612930876-0XX6GCG0HX482S09KDYK/TWR+Greece.jpg Total War Rome: Destroy Carthage - 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French paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640939548-DEIZSQT3PF4YOTZM83TY/The+Mask+of+Troy+French+ebook.jpg All editions - French ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640968244-378FVYKOX7VQ3AH52JHB/The+Mask+of+Troy+Greek+compressed.jpg All editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640988248-NE6X5SR6HUKB52P2BVL7/The+Mask+of+Troy+Latvian+compressed.jpg All editions - Latvian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424641004184-IJ0LCHN9NWDK2YV9W9S2/The+Mask+of+Troy+Slovakian.jpg All editions - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424641027508-MILWOCZFPRAO58DOB5OW/The+Mask+of+Troy+Turkish+compressed.jpg All editions - Turkish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551397670-UWHW8WLIHGR4MDJODLZP/The+Tiger+Warrior+UK+compressed.jpg All editions - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551419970-VIH9C0TK9M8E27MONF2I/The+Tiger+Warrior+US+compressed.jpg All editions - US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551435631-GQ2KN4Y2LUGCH2SWQVOM/The+Tiger+Warrior+large+print.jpg All editions - US large print https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551455639-EMQSYTZ8AMFCX56J24GF/The+Tiger+Warrior+US+Cd+audiobook+compressed.jpg All editions - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551496405-TSDW9SU8IG3HIAGLBQXR/Tiger+Warrior+Brazilian+compressed.jpg All editions - Brazilian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551563827-XM9908NF55Y596FFUGRO/The+Tiger+Warrior+Czech+compressed.jpg All editions - Czech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551581825-PMSOECKCRLG0D7EJUUEH/The+Tiger+Warrior+Dutch+small.jpg All editions - Dutch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551603477-KKIJ6L8AQQBAOAZ19NZT/The+Tiger+Warrior+French+hardback+compressed.jpg All editions - French hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551626666-BRCZUFDDYMO5X7M6TU3D/The+Tiger+Warrior+French+paperback+compressed.jpg All editions - French paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551658628-21C8O6K52GYCWN54YRHC/The+Tiger+Warrior+Greek.jpg All editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551682288-0CZYC1U6J65I62K1870I/The+Tiger+Warrior+Italian+compressed.jpg All editions - Italian hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551699884-VNMDIEBD4257GUXRJDVQ/The+Tiger+Warrior+Italian+ebook.jpg All editions - Italian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551721481-J9MH7VSJZQ9AHL3SY4FS/The+Tiger+Warrior+Italian+collection+compressed.jpg All editions - Italian collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551765554-KN2CTPV6SH38K72DLPCB/The+Tiger+Warrior+Polish+compressed.jpg All editions - Polish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424800343726-SIPMG6ZXNLZP30QZM9N4/The+Tiger+Warrior+Russian.jpg All editions - Russian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551794972-0LIXAJ9OKMFUZ9M8U4PQ/The+Tiger+Warrior+Slovakian.jpg All editions - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551822254-R03EDQRVFIH81FLAWAER/The+Tiger+Warrior+Turkish+compressed.jpg All editions - Turkish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447245158-246YK6YY46VBUD254XA1/The+Last+Gospel+UK.jpg All editions - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447355348-LAO8A4PUJAT196T3S1JP/Atlantis+collection+Kindle+Edition.jpg All editions - UK ebook collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447679411-TFKWMFXXTGMNT9AB9VGZ/The+Lost+Tomb+US+compressed.jpg All editions - US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447725859-61PRUZ30A2DXXSAT70F2/The+Lost+Tomb+large+print+compressed.jpg All editions - US large print https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447879350-SZFH7XBZ0DPM67I8WP8E/The+Lost+Tomb+CD+audiobook.jpg All editions - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447933924-VZPFPKR6OAUKYDQ1A63L/The+Last+Gospel+Brazilian+compressed.jpg All editions - Brazilian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448227329-NWE54ZRCFPVEGZRB1RV5/The+Last+Gospel+Czech+compressed.jpg All editions - Czech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448290719-CYFJI36WUNG5RUJMDZ7T/The+Last+Gospel+Dutch+compressed.jpg All editions - Dutch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448340606-VGE6U52OE0JC6A93ZW0C/The+Last+Gospel+French+compressed.jpg All editions - French https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448529247-2QINP7IHPXXICKLL5HIZ/The+Last+Gospel+Greek+compressed.jpg All editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1438435366382-1GB2XCFCH198HT1M3AKU/The+Last+Gospel+Indonesia+compressed.jpg All editions - Indonesian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448621553-11I3D4L9NVN3YQY5L4PL/The+Last+Gospel+Italian+hardback+cover+compressed.jpg All editions - Italian second https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448706915-IJSJTRJNJUJZ228TKPYJ/The+Last+Gospel+Italian+seond+cover.jpg All editions - Italian paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448811207-TZHP9YI3Z1OBIXVII54Q/The+Last+Gospel+Italian+second+cover.jpg All editions - Italian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448979843-N2OYCGQTL1QTRZ2DKLYV/Crusader+Gold+Italian+omnibus+compressed.jpg All editions - Italian collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424800843507-YD2F3IGDH0JDDJ03AAXY/The+Last+Gospel+Russian.jpg All editions - Russian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424449128499-PXNZ92Y6BRQNOYYAGZ26/The+Last+Gospel+Slovakian.jpg All editions - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424449194834-FJNTOYG1UB67A6O4081V/The+Last+Gospel+Slovenian+compressed.jpg All editions - Slovenian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424449309799-94HU2Y9U4GF9CTACDCQO/The+Last+Gospel+Swedish.jpg All editions - Swedish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424449384298-7M92WDK7BSMZXW8JYYDF/The+Last+Gospel+Turkish+compressed.jpg All editions - Turkish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438217015-STS9RFZCPOWBJD0WGQN1/Crusader+Gold+Gibbins+cover+compressed.jpg All editions - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438334866-SRAKDXWRXFXD7U5KTTNX/Atlantis+collection+Kindle+Edition.jpg All editions - UK ebook collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438674128-HTHHO4D6KHR09H4HFOY6/Crusader+Gold+first+US.jpg All editions - US first cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438687831-PDZSXPZAWLT0ZCSEYGF8/Crusader+Gold+compressed.jpg All editions - US second cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438708127-LTFL57PU2QX39C3EKQ3K/Crusader+Gold+large+print.jpg All editions - US large print https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438832033-A1VLMNLYCPL5UEPE0OJG/Crusader+Gold+UK+CD+compressed.jpg All editions - UK cassette https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438727555-KBEVDJ51W54KHJT7Y3NA/Crusader+Gold+cassette.JPG All editions - UK CD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438848023-9DVGKJOFUV14LCWNWNBT/Crusader+Gold+CD+audiobook+cropped.jpg All editions - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439365069-TQLU3108YKJB0G68F789/Crusader+Gold+Portugal+Br.jpg All editions - Brazilian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439382056-0HESPI9SJ64IZ0G01UZE/Crusader+Gold+Czech.jpg All editions - Czech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439424442-OM7QDPEHT14YNR0AZMWU/Crusader+Gold+Dutch+second.jpg All editions - Dutch first cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439408583-I23UGDCEPHIB509G3K2Q/Crusader+Gold+Dutch.jpg All editions - Dutch second cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439738404-F4Q4ZCGRDD94PN4CEHEQ/Crusader+Gold+French+compressed.jpg All editions - French https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439758117-8NFNCDA2VTYZT4FXRK7O/Crusader+Gold+German+compressed.jpg All editions - German https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439782369-UYUNHJF09G1S0R3ZC8XA/Crusader+Gold+Greek+compressed.jpg All editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439804276-3M59QAINP9AJ6K9UNT06/Crusader+Gold+Hungarian+compressed.jpg All editions - Hungarian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439828578-3FS8YC3EKTAGJ02QXT6Q/Crusader+Gold+Indonesian+compressed.jpg All editions - Indonesian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424439851643-DF6QXOR19W86LPEMJJXR/Crusader+Gold+Italian+hardback+compressed.jpg All editions - Italian hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440250222-JMRM5XM0FEE4H8A344FJ/Crusader+Gold+Italian+paperback+compressed.jpg All editions - Italian paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440272915-WK206ZBJY7ZLBIB1CGTC/Crusader+Gold+Italian+omnibus+compressed.jpg All editions - Italian collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440296650-EY5WRPP4JFDDCA8AWW44/Crusader+Gold+Japanese+first+cover+compressed.jpg All editions - Japanese first https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440316939-LG6UBSWZC6E3TLSUYUXN/Crusader+Gold+Japanese+second+cover+compressed.jpg All editions - Japanese second https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440346685-VUIEEXS7LU5CV1V8532J/Crusader+Gold+Latvian.jpg All editions - Latvian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440370594-L7F21QC2UZYQHDSD7FMW/Crusader+Gold+Lithuania.jpg All editions - Lithuanian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440766292-7Z2ZX7MIL7AFE7V1O9NF/Crusader+Gold+Polish.jpg All editions - Polish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440788610-1LFIDGK8LRXA0SCTHU3D/Crusader+Gold+Portuguese.jpg All editions - Portuguese https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424440812704-P58RXEOUQA1KK7B0OOPE/Crusader+Gold+Romanian+compressed.jpg All editions - Romanian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424441117036-O0MCGZZPNLFBG40CCGFG/Crusader+Gold+Russian+compressed.jpg All editions - Russian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424799243245-6886BSBW5UB7BNSP6V1Z/Crusader+Gold+Russian+ebook+compressed.jpg All editions - Russian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424441139889-OJJW8FMYLG03S70G81VX/Crusader+Gold+Serbian+compressed.jpg All editions - Serbian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424441302657-AR04G6QM3VKFJY6XC3Q0/Crusader+Gold+Slovakian.jpg All editions - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424441546482-CXAF40JO1056MTZG9S07/Crusader+Gold+Slovenian+compressed.jpg All editions - Slovenian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424441586158-AHES05C9UNRMZISUD959/Crusader+Gold+Sweden.jpg All editions - Swedish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424441567078-Y3RZPHT47JUO3U8ZCZGH/Crusader+Gold+Spanish+compressed.jpg All editions - Spanish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424441606995-YX662P502JDEQB9M9J33/Crusader+Gold+Turkish+compressed.jpg All editions - Turkish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208126687-8PKB2K61P72GLBN49OJP/Atlantis+UK+pbk+compressed.jpg All editions - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208189944-TBSP58DI4XYZ3HFF2G5Y/Atlantis+collection+Kindle+Edition.jpg All editions - UK ebook collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208596099-AYBXUR7JUH9ORG97DIF1/Atlantis+US+first+cover.jpg All editions - US first cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208616836-OFZUQ8B4QQ42UK3LJB8J/Atlantis+Bantam+seond+cover+compressed.jpg All editions - US second cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208652546-HMTHUCH5063OTUAN3DKX/Atlantis+Wheeler+publishing+bk.jpg All editions - US large print https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208681100-Y3XVE0JM2HZSC3BBVJB1/Atlantis+cassette.jpg All editions - UK cassette https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208696540-I497Z1WTUC7HZKFEHDBK/Atlantis+CD+tape+audiobook.jpg All editions - UK CD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208724266-3D8GU8LP6MPXB9ECPNQC/Atlantis+Tantor+audiobook+compressed+edited.jpg All editions - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424208949536-FEGJOS18D8OM45MM3F8E/Atlantis+Brazilian.jpg All editions - Brazilian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209011098-MZ7G9KW252UE8C1UCCPW/Atlantis+UK+pbk+compressed.jpg All editions - Bulgarian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209027724-MBWWOSGKJRTYOA2G4QY1/Atlantis+Catalan.png All editions - Catalan https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209037445-BW16O44KXICV5FSR63IM/Atlantis+Chinese.jpg All editions - Chinese https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209084709-CZTIBFZ8EK62NDN4HKS0/Atlantis+Croatian+1.jpg All editions - Croatian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209205510-BQA8URGEFM21ZSOBWX1P/Atlantis+Czech+compressed.jpg All editions - Czech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209393512-VZ85O94WFD2OMZYYLG5C/Atlantis+Dutch+1.jpg All editions - Dutch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209440485-LNYLWS7YUC0DO42NFNSH/Atlantis+Fr+pocket.jpg All editions - French https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209558920-RDR7B6FF390Q53S4XF9N/Atlantis+German+compressed.jpg All editions - German first https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209574686-YTGCQASAL98H6211RPX9/Atlantis+German+2.jpg All editions - German second https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209605929-2CJ74VG505A8BX16180G/Atlantis+Greek+compressed.jpg All editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424797251353-BYFOFYJAAFPP6SKJ8Q6X/Atlantis+Hebrew+compressed.jpg All editions - Hebrew https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209652505-41B4X2HV29TPNDEVIKMF/Atlantis+Hungary+2.jpg All editions - Hungarian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209767092-M6TWII9B82ZI4Q2ITUCP/Atlantis+Indonesia+compressed.jpg All editions - Indonesian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209881739-XW3JNH1VRNOTDXOC27JX/Atlantis+Italian+pocket+compressed.jpg All editions - Italian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424209903550-1H4GDPMCW8WRD8UD56J8/Atlantis+Italian+kindle+bk.jpg All editions - Italian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210396633-4ARZZYJ7IWI03H4TWWB3/Atlantis+Japanese+first+cover+compressed.jpg All editions - Japanese first https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210414407-LHYYQBHD7JAYAS58XVWB/Atlantis+Japanese+second+cover+compressed.jpg All editions - Japanese second https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210533222-H9NG4UHTU25XBQXYVO5A/Atlantis+Latvia+compressed.jpg All editions - Latvian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210550928-O2GUW9F90PTZVOD0QVHL/Atlantis+Lithuania.jpg All editions - Lithuanian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210571498-A6EGG0RK4H9XKVMG1LN0/Atlantis+Polish+first.jpg All editions - Polish first cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210587892-Q863CITKMGBXX9QS7SMU/Atlantis+Poland+second+cover.jpg All editions - Polish second cover https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210629063-6XSJIZ9PLDME7WP1F8ID/Atlantis+Portugal+2.jpg All editions - Portuguese https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210657745-H8PAVCCYEVEPIBSZW6O0/Atlantis+Romanian+2.jpg All editions - Romanian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210682906-J2TJ53BAPOU50OP167Z4/Atlantis+Russia.jpg All editions - Russian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424210706792-IKZVECOPQ635P8B44PLJ/Atlantis+Russia+paperback.jpg All editions - 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Origins Origins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427645381810-0J48CA9V5GMW5L5VX6KJ/David+Plemmirio+amphora+cropped.jpg Bio - Archaeology https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427627520764-1AURT0NDRLBCUH8ITZGM/David+Night+Dive+cropped.jpg Bio - Diving https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427630715620-91JXF14H11C049CPTPA5/David+Patagonia+compressed.jpg Bio - Travel https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429105748164-BOC01IDKBLP7MHLG50HA/Sea+Service+pistol+closeup+compressed+thumb.jpg Bio - Historic firearms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427628511178-MSS93ZA51K0ZTNDYZN5O/Books+thumb.jpg Bio - Literature https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1427628745050-Y1MCJ1JC6QRCEQEL3QJM/World+Archaeology.jpg Bio - Academic publications https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449184847840-X9TUITOEL7CLDSSV63DS/Gale+coat+of+arms.png Bio - Family history http://davidgibbins.com/gallery daily 0.75 2016-12-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445880136057-X217LR00UE02VOK6GL1S/David+Gibbins+Wetmore+1+1015.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445880301664-B19S8WJ5RD5ZRYG9GA7H/image-asset.jpeg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482677522091-89AEOJ8CQD6MTTS7UERC/Poldark+wreck+3+View+of+the+wreck+site+off+Gunwalloe+in+Cornwall+%28photo+David+Gibbins%29.png Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482675876809-JYNIUSM0K1RUZ4LM11FP/Poldark+wreck+2+Archaeologist+David+Gibbins+photographing+musket+barrels+on+the+wreck+%28photo+Mark+Milburn%29.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482675915956-1RTL6OB25LNL4YG6N3T7/Poldark+wreck+1+Archaeologist+David+Gibbins+with+gun+%28photo+Mark+Milburn%29.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482676153878-C9N9J0HYMEX98NID9NI9/Schiedam+19716+Mark+rev6.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482676188163-BGX5HR2BLCKBSV2GGS4L/Schiedam+19716+g6.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482676216445-LW3P1P32QCV7O8YJVMS3/Schiedam+19716+Mark+f5.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482676253537-UHJ0ER1O9L74KCTRFU8G/Schiedam+gun+13.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482676330590-IY3MVAQ3NU4S6UJAGP4F/Schiedam+19716+Mark+rev4.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482676366751-K6ZVC23AIL065DGQW4SY/Schiedam+mortar+1.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482676410603-PP3Q4P7QYXYSS4L20FAS/Poldark+wreck+4+A+grenade+on+the+seabed+at+the+wreck%2C+its+wooden+fuse+plug+clearly+visible+%28photo+David+Gibbins%29.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459868171530-X71QPY92GANUHU70ESIX/Tobe+March+2016+Alan+1+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459868194068-7NHFPENPXVBIOYP890ZA/Tobe+March+2016+Alan+2+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459868214457-UQQW0BXBJYDPAV5P1NHE/Tobermory+guage+March+2016+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459868234082-YYVJJGBWD96HV5GNE1V5/Tobermory+underwater+010416+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445877751713-2U6P7OFLAFYPCGS9JDR0/David+Gibbins+Tugs+1015.jpg Projects - Tugs https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878027407-TSL6H65GUXXEJ62V504N/David+Gibbins+Minch+1+1015.jpg Projects - Minch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878086541-YIIDRPXD6NXF39WIL6LP/David+Gibbins+Minch+2+1015.jpg Projects - Minch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878151677-TWO3C5HL5FQF6Q6COX57/David+Gibbins+Minch+3+1015.jpg Projects - Minch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878212776-PK0JDN267ETSAQHWZM0T/David+Gibbins+Minch+4+1015.jpg Projects - Minch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878278292-UIXEJHSK1R6D4S8KO7GR/David+Gibbins+Minch+5+1015.jpg Projects - Minch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878384159-PW4AIZO88MI9PLK9UHNH/David+Gibbins+Minch+6+1015.jpg Projects - Minch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878486069-R0CDKFKPE4CH3EZYBR0Y/David+Gibbins+King+1015.jpg Projects - King https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878587667-BCZLJICH44SIIHB3W1XP/David+Gibbins+Wetmore+1+1015.jpg Projects - Wetmore https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445878695879-QHR8V4QP4KBE0NUEJMWT/David+Gibbins+Wetmore+2+1015.jpg Projects - Wetmore https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446652198375-PJJLED1X8QZ11ATW4BNE/Jellyfish+1+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446652217654-B1EC2W5OCHHFKD7BD9EW/Jellyfish+2+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446652235626-I48UHJ5RW9D2LDUKPBOD/Jellyfish+3+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446652254251-EL9NXNQ1OET7XJEF4Z0E/Jellyfish+4+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446652275538-SSY86SB3NSO8UW3Q7057/Jellyfish+5+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446652292033-CBS7KGL6O7NB1VRXSKDU/Jellyfish+6+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446652309444-UQ3AXVT97KTWH1HLOQH7/Jellyfish+7+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446212688294-XRYP8ZGDO5343KED11HH/Cannon+Mark+915+8.jpg Projects - Sept 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446212718644-Q3Y1TKUP98M6GH97EJIZ/Cannon+7915.jpg Projects - Sept 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446212753472-CAROL09BL5ELGX524RIY/Cannon+Mark+915+5.jpg Projects - Sept 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446212786929-5YHXI7UQDUSN2CVP90PS/Cannon+Mark+915+11.jpg Projects - Sept 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446212814728-JMPV60BXMQV8QJX2XDBO/Cannon+Mark+915+13.jpg Projects - Sept 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446646677598-RUN66U093LPOUR65XBYW/Cannon+June+2015+1.jpg Projects - June 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446646706226-VIQFOAPP7BS0MTW7QPUS/Cannon+June+2015+2.jpg Projects - June 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446213347929-2XPM81XE38ANNUO9TQB7/David+Cannon+wreck.jpg Projects - May 2015 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446213444425-1ND9GETX0NDWMKRLBLOS/Dive+230914+cannon+2+compressed.jpg Projects - Sept 2014 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446213401514-L0F84LJS9ZYEE102V3JP/Dive+23914+cannon+3+compressed.jpg Projects - Sept 2014 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446213882141-OMZ97ZERBFWEAP66JCCY/Cannon+site+3b.jpg Projects - July 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446213922164-8RAXEXU33FW5J5DX8EQ5/Gun+Cornwall+3+edit1.png Projects - July 2013 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446039162594-30UO8Y7IV90E6AR4OMU7/David+Gibbins+under+ice.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446039235212-Y6H6P4Z9JHJY6R1KGDO6/David+Gibbins+ice+2011+1.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446042769153-OHLQSBCKIL25SOUX8B9Y/David+Gibbins+ice+2011+a.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446043100952-7VA0VGP8LWN54OS6SZZ0/David+Gibbins+upside+down.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446043142231-JQC8T2RB76EQB5UBOCLJ/David+Gibbins+ice+surfacing+compressed+1.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446043172204-XKOSOXF95I7TCA12WQZD/David+Gibbins+Churchill+Fellow+1989.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446043205743-VD3UASA8E4XRS8G2WL2P/David+Gibbins+ice+2011+getting+out.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446043237831-9PKOY0XCCS3ZJX3UJVLH/David+Gibbince+ice+2011+surface+1+compressed.jpg Projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1446043273562-7GQKMY75IPZB623H72SL/David+Gibbins+ice+dive+Alan+1.jpg Projects http://davidgibbins.com/testament daily 0.75 2018-06-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482330602375-NAYIAYD5V4U2LTGCC6SP/Testament+cover+photo+Alan+2+compressed+cropped.jpg Testament https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482508982768-LF0C573XNDO7T0EAX09G/image-asset.jpeg Testament https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482509178544-GP82UYH5QLL1OISXRMYK/image-asset.jpeg Testament https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482509796109-I0W70HYBWGJ23462B9ZA/image-asset.jpeg Testament https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482509891194-O4GBIFGYM1LLNF9WO06M/image-asset.jpeg Testament https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1483457234676-EDMU6TJ303JU36Q54SFW/Gibbins+TESTAMENT+Headline+cover+compressed+small.jpg Testament - 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UK/US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1739297650121-AWQWGI85V9N37X4S4J6U/Atlantis+Legacy+French+cover+final+small.jpg International editions - French https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529341451967-7EBFW8CH3NEJBPDOO35H/Headline+Inquisition+trade+paperback+compressed.jpg International editions - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529341472477-FTI218LJHL7P74PNN6OU/Inquisition+US+hardcover+medium+small.jpg International editions - US editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529341498799-NJ62UU12ZQKMYBB5IUQY/Inquisition+French+medium+small.jpg International editions - French https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529341518207-R3YF0LE523ILEXX3YWQJ/Inquisition+Greek+small.jpg International editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482331720050-F8YM195ZMUKLSHVSSG0F/Gibbins+TESTAMENT+Headline+cover+compressed+small.jpg International editions - 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UK ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445780175615-8VXHS8PQH0NEINK3W5MY/The+Sword+of+Attila+paperback+cover+small.jpg International editions - UK paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424465808829-SA8NFK7UQT8R7CQ2KIVS/Attila+US+compressed.jpg International editions - US hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1459176101032-TY1XZ66L52CNZRY68BAS/Attila+cover+US+compressed.jpg International editions - US paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424465948549-HE6K34LQ0IJBO8PTO6MG/Attila+French.jpg International editions - French editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424466018050-QGE8A7MK9DMWHMXJJ2HD/Attila+German+compressed.jpg International editions - German hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445780276601-9SLC6JF7WO44K46I3QKD/Attila+Greek+compressed.jpg International editions - 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US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424708201389-27NV33YLJIYSFWRKO4LR/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+US+CD+audiobook.jpg International editions - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424708232764-K8IJLML2BZP3T953FE9L/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+French+hardback+compressed.jpg International editions - French hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424708251775-GAEFPTQR5MYLMKNH0WAC/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+French+paperback+compressed.jpg International editions - French paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424708275386-SJZBR4D4PXSOXRAU354Y/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+French+ebook+compresse.jpg International editions - French ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424708326941-AVIEL9BR51B36RKVDKSA/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+Greek+compressed.jpg International editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640808591-852LN2A9LQGKUSU8YOM6/The+Mask+of+Troy+compressed.jpg International editions - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640839291-677X4KGY8UNVZG3011X4/David+Gibbins+The+Mask+of+Troy+US+edition.jpg International editions - US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640852946-UEOO03T11BTN5Z9T25UW/The+Mask+of+Troy+US+CD+audiobook+cropped.jpg International editions - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640874387-T329LWCLUSQPONKNXCZJ/The+Mask+of+Troy+Czech+compressed.jpg International editions - Czech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640892947-XQC40Y03WJQMK8K829UE/The+Mask+of+Troy+French+hardback+compressed.jpg International editions - French hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640910539-BFW8RL3JOGX2VQ0ARG3P/The+Mask+of+Troy+French+paperback+compressed.jpg International editions - French paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640939548-DEIZSQT3PF4YOTZM83TY/The+Mask+of+Troy+French+ebook.jpg International editions - French ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640968244-378FVYKOX7VQ3AH52JHB/The+Mask+of+Troy+Greek+compressed.jpg International editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424640988248-NE6X5SR6HUKB52P2BVL7/The+Mask+of+Troy+Latvian+compressed.jpg International editions - Latvian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424641004184-IJ0LCHN9NWDK2YV9W9S2/The+Mask+of+Troy+Slovakian.jpg International editions - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424641027508-MILWOCZFPRAO58DOB5OW/The+Mask+of+Troy+Turkish+compressed.jpg International editions - Turkish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551397670-UWHW8WLIHGR4MDJODLZP/The+Tiger+Warrior+UK+compressed.jpg International editions - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551419970-VIH9C0TK9M8E27MONF2I/The+Tiger+Warrior+US+compressed.jpg International editions - 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French hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551626666-BRCZUFDDYMO5X7M6TU3D/The+Tiger+Warrior+French+paperback+compressed.jpg International editions - French paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551658628-21C8O6K52GYCWN54YRHC/The+Tiger+Warrior+Greek.jpg International editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551682288-0CZYC1U6J65I62K1870I/The+Tiger+Warrior+Italian+compressed.jpg International editions - Italian hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551699884-VNMDIEBD4257GUXRJDVQ/The+Tiger+Warrior+Italian+ebook.jpg International editions - Italian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551721481-J9MH7VSJZQ9AHL3SY4FS/The+Tiger+Warrior+Italian+collection+compressed.jpg International editions - Italian collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551765554-KN2CTPV6SH38K72DLPCB/The+Tiger+Warrior+Polish+compressed.jpg International editions - Polish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424800343726-SIPMG6ZXNLZP30QZM9N4/The+Tiger+Warrior+Russian.jpg International editions - Russian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551794972-0LIXAJ9OKMFUZ9M8U4PQ/The+Tiger+Warrior+Slovakian.jpg International editions - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424551822254-R03EDQRVFIH81FLAWAER/The+Tiger+Warrior+Turkish+compressed.jpg International editions - Turkish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447245158-246YK6YY46VBUD254XA1/The+Last+Gospel+UK.jpg International editions - UK editions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447355348-LAO8A4PUJAT196T3S1JP/Atlantis+collection+Kindle+Edition.jpg International editions - UK ebook collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447679411-TFKWMFXXTGMNT9AB9VGZ/The+Lost+Tomb+US+compressed.jpg International editions - US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447725859-61PRUZ30A2DXXSAT70F2/The+Lost+Tomb+large+print+compressed.jpg International editions - US large print https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447879350-SZFH7XBZ0DPM67I8WP8E/The+Lost+Tomb+CD+audiobook.jpg International editions - US CD audiobook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424447933924-VZPFPKR6OAUKYDQ1A63L/The+Last+Gospel+Brazilian+compressed.jpg International editions - Brazilian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448227329-NWE54ZRCFPVEGZRB1RV5/The+Last+Gospel+Czech+compressed.jpg International editions - Czech https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448290719-CYFJI36WUNG5RUJMDZ7T/The+Last+Gospel+Dutch+compressed.jpg International editions - Dutch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448340606-VGE6U52OE0JC6A93ZW0C/The+Last+Gospel+French+compressed.jpg International editions - French https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448529247-2QINP7IHPXXICKLL5HIZ/The+Last+Gospel+Greek+compressed.jpg International editions - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1438435366382-1GB2XCFCH198HT1M3AKU/The+Last+Gospel+Indonesia+compressed.jpg International editions - Indonesian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448621553-11I3D4L9NVN3YQY5L4PL/The+Last+Gospel+Italian+hardback+cover+compressed.jpg International editions - Italian second https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448706915-IJSJTRJNJUJZ228TKPYJ/The+Last+Gospel+Italian+seond+cover.jpg International editions - Italian paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448811207-TZHP9YI3Z1OBIXVII54Q/The+Last+Gospel+Italian+second+cover.jpg International editions - Italian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424448979843-N2OYCGQTL1QTRZ2DKLYV/Crusader+Gold+Italian+omnibus+compressed.jpg International editions - Italian collection https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424800843507-YD2F3IGDH0JDDJ03AAXY/The+Last+Gospel+Russian.jpg International editions - Russian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424449128499-PXNZ92Y6BRQNOYYAGZ26/The+Last+Gospel+Slovakian.jpg International editions - Slovakian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424449194834-FJNTOYG1UB67A6O4081V/The+Last+Gospel+Slovenian+compressed.jpg International editions - Slovenian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424449309799-94HU2Y9U4GF9CTACDCQO/The+Last+Gospel+Swedish.jpg International editions - Swedish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424449384298-7M92WDK7BSMZXW8JYYDF/The+Last+Gospel+Turkish+compressed.jpg International editions - Turkish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424438217015-STS9RFZCPOWBJD0WGQN1/Crusader+Gold+Gibbins+cover+compressed.jpg International editions - 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US paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424262086261-IYJ1O4D6D7EFRKG8LOP4/Attila+French.jpg Total War Rome: The Sword of Attila - French paperback and ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424262595017-YUYD8U4YW3TJQCCTVFLK/Attila+German+compressed.jpg Total War Rome: The Sword of Attila - German hardback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445713662001-WB46MWAXJZZRHQC7R1CA/Attila+Greek+compressed.jpg Total War Rome: The Sword of Attila - Greek https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445712624387-F6BJBA931N7YTH86BPDT/Attila+Hungarian+compressed.jpg Total War Rome: The Sword of Attila - Hungarian https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424263730928-6CXQVNABAKR1PIEF9DNK/Attila+Italian+compressed.jpg Total War Rome: The Sword of Attila - Italian ebook https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424264066917-LJAO8D671148206G36FG/Attila+Polish+compressed.jpg Total War Rome: The Sword of Attila - Polish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1424264497372-33FEEF1MBU1IOCQ8Z4PL/Attila+Spanish+2+compressed.jpg Total War Rome: The Sword of Attila - Spanish paperback https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445708163264-2PG7K9KH8F6TUR6BXEG2/image-asset.jpeg Total War Rome: The Sword of Attila http://davidgibbins.com/home daily 1.0 2026-02-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693472553273-0OAQYTA0CLJTCRPF5GCU/David+Tobermory+ice+tugs+compressed.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4e704167-b4b8-457d-9bb8-6b3586fcf36d/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+medium+res.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d352f7a3-50f7-4a39-8406-bf157413ab80/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+US+cover+medium+res.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b111cf66-0383-4416-9666-eef513e8d096/Quote+Roberts+dark+blue.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/66a1a1b1-049d-42bb-b59c-3c234e50d018/Atlantis+Legacy+Cover+4.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/934cdc0c-5450-472d-a65e-5dd6328eb2f3/L%27Heritage+d%27Atlantis+pocket+edition+2024.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/42a29756-080d-4671-88f8-b6d172f99e77/amazon+uk+logo.jpeg Home - Make it stand out Click here to order Atlantis Legacy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4ae73fa5-954f-4c49-82ab-11cd49c165ea/amazon+com+logo.jpg Home - Make it stand out Click here to order Atlantis Legacy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/36bf7ba2-ed07-4f8b-909f-5550cf28465c/Amazon+fr+3.jpg Home - Make it stand out Click here to order L’Héritage d’Atlantis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c71522fb-04fc-4973-ac81-43d3cdcae49f/Daughter+of+Attila+cover+image+2+compressed+2.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/17a7750d-f36e-4e10-993a-81840c9fe94d/Pin+Shipwrecks+Molly+Cannon+final+compressed.jpg Home - Make it stand out Click here for more on each of the chapters in my book A History of the World in 12 Shipwrecks, with much background material and many images. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9cacec8b-c5f4-4958-9b88-f67883ea438c/Shipwrecks+banner+Irish+3.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/62738cb8-35bd-413d-9da2-4506b5e9c008/Quote+Smit+dark+blue.png Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c6d1cfa2-ad25-4474-b98f-d8fd6cc6cb6a/Quote+Bound+dark+blue.jpeg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/90eb2ab5-bb5b-47e1-9f5d-e1ee8353371b/Quote+Kirkus+dark+blue.jpeg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375338084988-AS8VSO895QEZJ2B75UD1/Atlantis+David+Gibbins+UK.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375338056222-N2JTPXZ5RHD9OG2Y5RYR/Crusader+Gold+David+Gibbins+UK.jpeg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375338030553-6HHDP301SHJOQBVSZNUK/The+Last+Gospel+David+Gibbins+UK.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375338000001-AOVEG8N98EHKP5QVZ099/The+Tiger+Warrior+David+Gibbins+UK.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375337970847-0N9QX1CTEV1FI9QMT2SU/The+Mask+of+Troy+David+Gibbins+UK.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375337719415-P5F92HT92JQ9O9EKB13A/The+Gods+of+Atlantis+David+Gibbins+UK.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1375337621308-GK9WG2YV2WK9Q716H10Y/Pharaoh+David+Gibbins+UK.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1428756798948-2PECUJFVSJDZW0P1MN3H/Pyramid+UK+cover+compressed.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1420307508988-AK4EX2XA6SEP2E8JQVVA/Total+War+Rome+pbk+cover+compressed+small.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1445944919885-JR2125FH9XKIBR05FY8Z/The+Sword+of+Attila+paperback+cover+small.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482333170750-CFSP6CMRL4DNG066W3LR/Gibbins+TESTAMENT+Headline+cover+compressed+small.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1678703989249-AJ9MTL2MGJ6PDRDZTPCR/David+Gibbins+2020b+Schiedam+14+Inquisition+small.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1573907811620-XXZTBVWG5XRXY3UUNEKG/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+Jesus.jpg Home In 2019 I found this beautiful figure of the crucified Christ on the wreck of the Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) off Cornwall in England. This figure dates from the late 16th century and is probably from the workshops of the Italian sculptor Guglielmo della Porta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1606602245696-GESLH153KRCBZFS98JCV/Gibbins+Schiedam+weights+3+photo+91020+compressed.jpg Home In 2020 I raised these three 56 lb merchant’s weights from the wreck of the Schiedam (1684) off Cornwall in England. They are cast with the Portuguese royal coat of arms and armillary spheres and date from about 1500. They came from the former Portuguese colony of Tangier and are of exceptional interest as artefacts representing the Portuguese Age of Discovery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1482507787697-ICT1UT7QLIBFUEDV4YFW/image-asset.jpeg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1390997214384-ZQVQ5DYJPPCZYAHRX6C2/David+Coin+pond+compressed.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693480775550-Q3S8729ASUXTGG43H1LA/Gibbins+Shipwrecks+2+Royal+Anne+Galley+coins+copyright+David+Gibbins.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693480863131-OZF3Y84K6FXO6ANISZAK/Schiedam+me+Ben+1623+1.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693488764715-IQJABS4CB1ILB7XLP6U0/David+Gibbins+under+ice+1.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693488887403-7NE4VY6422QIY2UZC9C8/H12+Plemmirio+raising+small+amphora.jpeg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1693489008461-FGU94JMKQX20KAMIENE5/Alan+Tobe+Minch+1+GNU+compressed.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1368530444131-XBS9ELYERBOPV5ZEHV7Q/Gibbins+Blurb.png Home http://davidgibbins.com/the-rumpa-rebellion daily 0.75 2015-12-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449327959299-P6ISB20HR5LHMXPH5WMQ/Godavari+3.jpg The Rumpa Rebellion https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449328533120-1WRSGTPEZHT5TSTEAWCE/Lt+WA+Gale+RE+1875.jpg The Rumpa Rebellion My great-great grandfather, Walter Andrew Gale, as a Lieutenant in the Royal Engineers, on his graduation from the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich in 1875. Four years later he was deployed as a Company Officer in the Madras Sappers and Miners with the Rumpa Field Force in the jungle of southern India (photo in the collection of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst). http://davidgibbins.com/familyhistory daily 0.75 2019-07-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449187135076-QO4JQRDKFU1ZF6E3VSMM/The_Mellish_in_Sydney_Harbour+2d.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449089718140-MED77ATXFG3IN6EO6VOR/image-asset.png Family history These arms were granted by the College of Arms to my ancestor John Gale of Whitehaven and his brothers in 1712. They were sea-captains, and the anchor represents their profession. This is a hand-coloured image from Howard and Crisp's Visitation of 1893 (see also below under Gale family). You can read a transcript of the original Grant of Arms here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429108068641-1LFSGSKCGY99X9HBK41G/image-asset.jpeg Family history As an archaeologist I'm especially fascinated by artefacts from my family's past - this sword gauntlet brought back by my great-great grandfather from India in the 19th century features in my novel The Tiger Warrior. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1453400904947-OJ6VGQK98WBS0GICXXUK/image-asset.jpeg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449392326181-KPRKEM17SNSTWE34E8ER/Grandad+1940+edited+tall+not+compressed+fixed+cropped.jpg Family history - Captain Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449393396330-X7PEF2W3SOEALHW12LVU/Colonel+Walter+Andrew+Gale%2C+RE+bk.jpg Family history - Colonel Walter Andrew Gale https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449393486415-RRAFLPRHI4P4OK4FCDJY/John+Lawrenson+13th+Hussars.jpg Family history - Military biographies https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449399154511-AJU3JLVVK2O1G8V29N69/image-asset.jpeg Family history My great-great-great grandfather Samuel Gibbins, photographed on becoming a Common Councillor of the City of London in the 1860s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449136531611-YWMKKSUT8J7PM704NPJ8/Gibbins+Pedigree+Howard+and+Crisp+1b.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449136546590-GUODGZ7E0WNVA0PN6Z10/Gibbins+Pedigree+Howard+and+Crisp+2.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449136564445-O8ZL5CXWO5UD16FR9EEH/Gibbins+Pedigree+Howard+and+Crisp+3.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449136595514-5Y2MN6575KIUJK00K54C/Gibbins+Pedigree+Howard+and+Crisp+4b.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1429108759672-2W2EH96SB5DV8USDCF74/image-asset.jpeg Family history This Victorian brooch from my great-grandmother shows the unicorn and anchor of the Gale coat of arms, and the motto Depressus Extollor ('Having been depressed, I am exalted'). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449141616194-LJQ92NF74WL4TK1VHKFW/Gale+Pedigree+Howard+and+Crisp+1.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449141698814-U244206HPZSG6UZWZVJD/Gale+Pedigree+Howard+and+Crisp+2.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449141731520-8VY06S95LF9Q3IVBFJMB/Gale+Pedigree+Howard+and+Crisp+3.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449145445355-GGRYKSD9JF6GXH2Y8NI3/Gale+Pedigree+Family+Records+1.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449145498526-JL691M14BZF5V1393B55/Gale+Pedigree+Family+Records+2.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449145532852-EEAM1RPZHJY9QUHHWBL8/Gale+Pedigree+Family+Records+3.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449145568970-OZBHHZ70FR25DERKNV0N/Gale+Pedigree+Family+Records+4.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449145611799-VXPUTYTIZQWP5EJDACC9/Gale+Pedigree+Family+Records+5.jpg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449150946943-JEMDNFIS1HG9FAGPLXTG/image-asset.png Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1450828293592-SPEPV2G7N3AWEGWUB7IC/image-asset.jpeg Family history 'The Braddyll Family', by Sir Joshua Reynolds, 1789 (Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge). Jane Gale and Wilson Braddyll (who had changed his name from Gale) were cousins, both grandchildren of my ancestor John Gale of Whitehaven. The boy, later Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Richmond-Gale-Braddyll, served in the Peninsular War against Napoleon and became a Member of Parliament, as his father had been. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449222385215-ZB6ABVK4GR34YRAY5LTC/image-asset.jpeg Family history Angus Gordon's book In the shadow of the Cape: a history of the Gordon family of Clifton, published in 2004. The bearded man is my great-great-great grandfather Captain Thomas Edward Gordon (1828-1918). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449230369198-UXRGLTNTKEIT4GVW89E6/image-asset.jpeg Family history The boy in this photo, taken at Northam, Devon, about 1915, is my grandfather Lawrance Wilfred Gibbins; behind him is his mother Helen Mary with her daughter Monica, and in the middle is Helen's grandfather Captain Thomas Edward Gordon, with two of his daughters and a niece on the right. Like his father James before him Thomas had retired to England, leaving management of Clifton Station in New Zealand to his sons, and he lived for many years in a large house called Porthill in Northam and then at Cluden Bank (where this photo was taken) near 'Westward Ho' where he was able to indulge in his passion for golf. Because I knew my grandfather very well - he died in 1986, when I was 23 - and he remembered these visits to his great-grandfather, this picture bridges the generations for me back to the time of Thomas' birth in Benares in 1828 when India was still ruled by the East India Company. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1454003296703-F7QFJU66UJQRVYEGMNOV/image-asset.jpeg Family history https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449255442319-YXACWYA8EBUK3YM8M0N7/image-asset.png Family history The arms of Kirkpatrick of Closeburn. The dagger and the motto 'I make sure' (I Mak Sikkur) derive from an event in the life of Robert the Bruce, when his companion and cousin - and my ancestor - Roger de Kirkpatrick finished off 'Red Comyn' and uttered those words on raising his bloody dagger. The murder took place in February 1306, just before Bruce was crowned King. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449357802399-U52NN0642KHENL20RQAU/image-asset.jpeg Family history My five-times great-grandmother Mary Ann Hunter, painted about 1800 (Hunter archive). http://davidgibbins.com/captain-lw-gibbins daily 0.75 2020-04-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449319065579-2CC3NNZS3XHDW10C4ZIT/Empire+Elaine+big+compressed.jpg Captain L.W. Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449318158980-UNYUOBKAFKE4BW7X0UJS/image-asset.jpeg Captain L.W. Gibbins http://davidgibbins.com/military-biographies daily 0.75 2015-12-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449350676907-OF1H8ASE2P6XT8YTZV5U/Aliwal+Lawrenson.jpg Military biographies https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1449349637504-61EGW55CAKMF65861HUG/image-asset.jpeg Military biographies http://davidgibbins.com/inquisition daily 0.75 2018-11-04 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529336465623-YIEQFW3KJESXBJKGWVC9/Inquisition+cover+photo+1+edited+2.jpg Inquisition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529333381839-WET89OU5AH2HTOU8YXKN/Inquisition+final+UK+cover+design+medium.jpg Inquisition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529333734095-0PLYWL7OZQ0VOPS8SJ0A/Inquisition+US+hardcover.jpg Inquisition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529334931090-QUV1LHZU1INWT6C83924/Headline+Inquisition+trade+paperback+compressed.jpg Inquisition - UK https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529334953332-7I2QU05MTQ3EX4VPAM7F/Inquisition+US+hardcover+medium.jpg Inquisition - US https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529334975679-SH3QU7G85HBSCLI5VRDJ/Inquisition+French+medium.jpg Inquisition - French https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1529335104250-CE04YWU46WU5ADV4WV44/Inquisition+Greek.jpg Inquisition - Greek http://davidgibbins.com/photos daily 0.75 2019-01-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548071547605-WM3RRE6W58VOCRIWSCC3/David+Gibbins+Schiedam+Nov+18+2.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548084177069-TUZIX10GEMPBVC7FWZQJ/David+Gibbins+Nov+18+3+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548084234516-UU6U7629AZMFGSRRTFDO/David+Gibbins+Schiedam+3D+cannon.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548084261678-4NLXLOQLJ9DPO71NJNSZ/David+Gibbins+Schiedam+Nov+18+1+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548084289642-LAV7MN5PZ9T9VX1O8LDM/David+Gibbins+Schiedam+Nov+18+2+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548084320308-Y6G1OR5MW8KPJ0TT34YN/David+Gibbins+Schiedam+Nov+18+6+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548084687307-DM84QCEINII67NRFMY7Y/Schiedam+grenade+published.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548084729425-T6SNKWQC98NMBQW6VF3C/Schiedam+site+published.png Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548085005163-VSCL7FUUUACSURMQ0272/1+David+Gibbins+shipwreck+anchor+30518.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548076497585-QRGCMYLB2ZILTE35N791/Quarry+7318+1+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548076585968-UXZXJ327LYMJFMW7M90N/Gibbins+David+Little+Trolvis+Quarry+3+medium+res+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548076641519-AYGGC4JHRBDJRPMSSBVC/Quarry+7318+4+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548076678067-RS4I8AT4FLL1NUXJX16D/Quarry+7318+2+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548076716830-I5PMGFY1KHYRRSISM574/Quarry+7318+7+compressed.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548076908628-1WD4NRJFRMSMQIUQDUIL/Quarry+Little+Trovis+view+3+compressed+again.jpg Photos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548081958329-FWSO9Q0H86WUQ09JTTZL/Blood+Moon+Cornwall+21119+David+Gibbins.jpg Photos - Blood Moon, 21 January 2019 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548082325669-WAHYALJAHI9NSHUXB5S2/Cadgwith+1+March+2018+David+Gibbins+compressed+b.jpg Photos - Cadgwith Cove, 1 March 2018 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1548082578044-ITX4I3TRCYPLXGCTXZ4Q/Gibbins+David+Storm+Wave+Loe+Bar+161017+compressed.jpg Photos - Storm Ophelia at Loe Bar, 16 October 2017 http://davidgibbins.com/schiedam daily 0.75 2022-11-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668879997929-0L5IHIMW6GR775662I8U/David+Gibbins+Schiedam+wreck+cannon+Jeff+Goodman+revised.jpg The Schiedam (1684) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4dae0c79-7bfb-40b3-b49d-78a92ecac9fb/Gibbins+David+Schiedam+photo+1+cannons+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3d278e1e-a8b8-41a7-8463-c91cc6f11e5a/Inquisition+ad+Wreckwatch.JPG The Schiedam (1684) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668890266941-CWV1P0XWW9SZUSA6GN53/Schiedam+weights+blog+Gunwalloe+storm+sharpened+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - View of site https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668888101159-4BYU2E74UOC02M2W0HU2/Gibbins%2BDavid%2BSchiedam%2Bphoto%2B6%2Bwood%2Bmarble%2Bcompressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Timber and marble (scale 50 cm) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668887049030-LO012YNAGQY2418RSC9N/Schiedam+timber+2+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Timber (scale 50 cm) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668886720691-QEOQCV9BAIDWBEN2B0B2/Gibbins+David+Wreckwatch+Schiedam+1+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Timber and David Gibbins https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668886621305-RGWWVTQ1N4UL5R5S9KOU/Gibbins+David+Schiedam+photo+5+grenades+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Grenade in concretion https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668886998303-842PRJS5MVGLVDCVBS24/Schiedam+gun+carriage+wheel+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Gun carriage wheel (scale 50 cm) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668887092739-XT61SEGR30S9BXNFL1YN/Schiedam+ice+cream+cone+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Mortar round (scale 50 cm) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668887248415-Y4EIVXBIHUZY5BVX0DQO/David+Gibbins+2020b+Schiedam+5+Gun+1.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Three-metre gun accreted to rock https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668887355569-6RPSZKRR13EI1970103J/David+Gibbins+2020b+Schiedam+13+weights+in+situ.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Weights in situ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668887422525-CLFO0IOD3N11EG0QEUAK/David+Gibbins+2020b+Schiedam+12+coat+of+arms+underwater.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Portuguese Coat of Arms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668886836989-NK92VTWWWASJX59PN43H/David+Gibbins+Schiedam+weight+Rachel+1+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - David Gibbins and weight https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1668887691908-ESCYZ6A5MR65KQ1AMOTV/Schiedam%2Bgrenade%2Band%2Bmusket%2Bballs%2Bcompressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Grenade and musket balls https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669572554906-8RPCS5YH4F7OOFAWNCME/Gibbins+Schiedam+droit+15920+5+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Grenade https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669572608803-0G09IUR7Z28MUOBZX8DR/Gibbins+Schiedam+droit+15920+2+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Lead shot https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669572666882-BG7JDCBT3746HJ0CW4UG/Gibbins+Schiedam+droit+15920+3+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Lead window came and sheet https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669572761557-F6SE1SMGWDEP8111032F/Gibbins+Schiedam+droit+15920+4+compressed.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Copper barrel bands https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7dffe6a2-2e9e-4988-91f7-5fed37fc5a4f/RBP+Dalya+article.jpg The Schiedam (1684) - Make it stand out Article in the Daily Telegraph on 20 November 2020 http://davidgibbins.com/clan-malcolm daily 0.75 2022-11-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669051764189-V322R4CX3LQTCXUP12GK/Clan+Malcolm+gimp+x+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c0406612-0c6b-4b49-beb6-3fbdba247df0/Clan+Malcolm+Clan+Line+book+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) - Make it stand out The Clan Malcolm in Australia, early 1930s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ae7c7057-4f05-4e94-84cc-222d04aa18dd/Clan+Malcolm+Western+Morning+news.JPG SS Clan Malcolm (1935) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/25e6d561-c7e6-4c1c-b2b9-20b8cc7f9914/Clan+Malcolm+original+image+1.JPG SS Clan Malcolm (1935) - Make it stand out Looking east with Black Head in the distance. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057416048-SUJQ7JEOYAN5DPTOW93W/Clan+Malcolm+original+image+2.JPG SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057458228-UVOXDIHDKJO050W0R5FL/Clam+Malcolm+original+image+3.JPG SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057478413-9VQQ3WNRSGG5UOYP7LXF/Clan+Malcolm+original+image+4.JPG SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057607645-OACWZ0OF3JRNOU7BX1FY/Clan+Malcolm+11+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057838826-9YUWYP22VHMGRF0AEDK1/Clan+Malcolm+final+1+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057778427-K5YL46K3U5B4X9PK5UPT/Clan+Malcolm+final+3+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057892757-A2WKLRRI3OX9J3ZOT9NM/Clan+Malcolm+final+4+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057928658-CRHAL2QESF45UIE2FEJE/Clan+Malcolm+final+5+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057953200-S17H21JHUBGLUX6N6ZN0/Clan+Malcolm+final+6+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669057980397-2A3B6O8TP3H9B5G9BMEE/Clan+Malcolm+final+7+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669058035144-6B1PQZB0AWUHDMBCAUJ9/Clan+Malcolm+gimp+1+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669058063730-PXDJ9GRSVZ6GO36SMMO0/Clan+Malcolm+10+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669058226811-65KP6I9D6GM3ASZNMVR8/Clan+Malcolm+spider+crab+1+compressed.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/add7e2ba-c678-4b14-af77-a7b032ce081a/Clan+Malcolm+builders+model.jpg SS Clan Malcolm (1935) - Make it stand out Builder’s model of the Clan Malcolm sold at auction in 2018. http://davidgibbins.com/shipwrecks daily 0.75 2024-02-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669069555575-Y4P2UM437U03EUT2CTYO/Tobermory+David+King+2+colour+changed.jpg Shipwrecks http://davidgibbins.com/hms-prince-regent-1814 daily 0.75 2022-11-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669243479706-NZMVRGSFZSICVZKCUY1Z/PrinceR15+3+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/501d795e-8ed3-4b8f-b2b0-210a637392d7/Prince+Regent+Oswego+2.jpeg HMS Prince Regent (1814) - Make it stand out An aquatint dated 1817 showing HMS Prince Regent, right, as flagship of the British squadron during the assault on Fort Oswego, Lake Ontario, on 6 May 1814 (National Archives of Canada). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669242578134-SAI2SOXC6W0AJX3CUDMX/PrinceR+15+8+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669242610249-LF3TTH6NNYEVPR3QSLMT/PrinceR+15+10+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669242632239-40ZRH8COESKRYPXYSMZP/PrinceR15+1+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669242660855-K3FZN9E7LLTKJ1WQXZGT/PrinceR15+2+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669242685984-6VB4PJB3HVKJUBAC7VGO/PrinceR15+3+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669242708527-XXX301PK8ZAHXOF3K0WZ/PrinceR15+6+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669242735628-HG1I1RGP97S0D54QAYGB/PrinceR15+7+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669242756765-IXVSEKOBKV3S0EZSE3B4/PrinceR15+9+j.jpg HMS Prince Regent (1814) http://davidgibbins.com/the-abernyte-1898 daily 0.75 2022-11-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669315503511-HI7UX3LV0XMMVLP72APT/Abernyte+2721+anchor+1.jpg The Abernyte (1898) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0093007c-7cb5-4bce-b08e-c347bda1d44c/Abernyte+image.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Make it stand out The Abernyte at anchor, circa 1895 (A.D. Edwardes Collection, State Library of South Australia). Opposite: an extract from the ‘Iron Ship Report’ for the Abernyte, 14 May 1875, showing her complement of anchors (Lloyd’s Register’s Survey Plan and Ship Report Collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d66af2ba-67ab-40b5-8f63-0369f4668411/Abernyte+view+j.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Make it stand out The wreck of the Abernyte broken up showing the stern submerged with the mizzen above water and the fore section on its side in the gully - corresponding to the location on the site of the anchor in the bow and finds from the captain’s cabin in the stern. Lizard Point, the very southerly extremity of England, is visible in the background (Gibson Collection, National Maritime Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/379b7d1c-b61f-4b89-9e86-e35c3497e50c/Abernyte+anchors.JPG The Abernyte (1898) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669324965103-RN13QBZQ0S3KZE8GQS5J/Abernyte+2721+anchor+1.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Anchor (2.1 m across arms) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669324998424-SQCN3ZBPMNA62C7HPB0I/Abernyte+2721+anchor+2.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Anchor https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325055805-E2Q0TZEUHUY361JZZA2K/Abernyte+2721+chain+2.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Anchor chain https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325031777-DR7MQXTY6EE3NE42O0M7/Abernyte+2721+chain+1.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Anchor chain https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669323472172-61I1GV44VAT66RGOIX6N/Abernyte+3721+porthole.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Porthole in situ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669323506011-TM856MPS5EO78TOFT7DC/Abernyte+2721+porthole.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Ben Dunstan with porthole https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669323542922-HVVYRMQNXO6G8FHBCZK3/Abernyte+Ben+sounding+lead.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Ben with sounding lead https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669323585190-WG61CWCH0NPH7JU52QTD/Abernyte+sounding+lead.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Sounding lead https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669323623787-A8OMCXR8QTA93PQLFKP1/Abernyte+telescope+and+sextant.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Telescope and sextant parts https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669323729531-0IU30BLS5E6TIJYQKK77/Abernyte+2721+Ben+sextant+2.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Sextant parts https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669326508334-LUSUW2F062XCVQHLG7BW/Abernyte+pully+block.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Pulley block https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325104509-WSY5DGTU2RQSV7AI1ISL/Abernyte+2721+cannon+1.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Cannon https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325130822-PNVRYNE9BUR2BLEJMR5H/Abernyte+2721+cannon+2.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Cannon https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325157711-6EMVJ1F82CE9CUQ80N15/Abernyte+2721+Ben+1.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Ben on site https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669324880400-AVSSZPLMDN7LDWZIRG7K/Abernyte+surface+2.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - On site 2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669324805466-4ZLHTHYQSLBEQR3APJ6E/Abernyte+2721+Mullion+harbour.jpg The Abernyte (1898) - Mullion Cove launch 2021 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325263568-2AQXVLAQWFXWM1B16RY9/Abernyte+3721+Ben+me+1+fixed.jpg The Abernyte (1898) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325286362-GCIVKQWD40XHRKKOMC65/Abernyte+3721+Ben+me+2+fixed.jpg The Abernyte (1898) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325314657-5OCNHBHC7JC1WN4AIUS1/Abernyte+3721+Ben+me+3+fixed.jpg The Abernyte (1898) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669325345186-RYDGVGP30U0P8NMYC34V/Abernyte+3721+Ben+me+4+fixed.jpg The Abernyte (1898) http://davidgibbins.com/the-president-1684 daily 0.75 2022-11-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669398112014-I0Z2JDVRAIN36TVT1NZH/President+Ch+5+David+and+Ben+1+2022+modified+1.jpg The President (1684) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669402576790-WVJDPC4ZOEUZFACTV8NN/President+Mark+photo+anchor+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - June 2018 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669402329873-F3ZMTCMW8SPPTK9W95FX/President+4519+selfie+modified+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - May 2019 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669402450441-HW3O7RJWLANB5SHE7OH4/President+4519+14+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - May 2019 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669402552313-AMVUL1LC97YWFI0YGMEF/President+Ben+anchor+BW+2019+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - May 2019 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669402370688-4U7K3XOSED35N6EUUXFB/President+1721+anchor+1+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - July 2021 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669402506315-SK0D93NQMD1OHES2P8T7/President+10722+anchor+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - July 2022 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669403111092-JCSKP9D9OY8GCZ93YOIL/President+Ch+5+David+and+Ben+1+2022+modified+1.jpg The President (1684) - August 2022 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404042036-4KBNALLE89MMX9HWLC23/President+4519+7+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Guns 1 and 2, beside anchor https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669403718913-FG02JMZXM36MHOC4QIYY/President+4519+11+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 3 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404158060-Y7ZDJ0C5L19QRL6GQ0EV/President+4519+2+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 3 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404401867-2PIRF9D8A4FXWBIRX82H/President+bell+cannon+1.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 4 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404429880-PIAXW73XYI28AYL1ZOQU/President+Bell+blog+cannon+16.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 4 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669403781988-SOOL4KXURPQ6XWKL1EVY/President+20519+Ben+Cannon+1.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 5 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669403901718-0F61W2NZ5YV03HFYP885/President+1721+hairy+gun+1+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 5 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669403829302-JSPY8NCJ9RXY4X81AVAT/President+13519+gun+2+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 5 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404365516-HOYNHVE3DFE31EIMD78P/President+13519+crab+gun+10+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 6 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404295001-VJFDGG87CS0MB9FTGBK4/President+4519+10+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 6 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404265503-XK12NG9RARYTDMU8H4MF/President+4519+9+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 7 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404107103-2FW0NWA54TEH3JHCOEVP/President+1721+hairy+gun+2+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 8 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404462237-T4OVVV7I91MI7ROAEHMP/President+21519+cannon+2.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 8 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669403962419-CXF2IWFWQWDFFGP9983T/President+21519+cannon+1.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 9 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404013315-TQ0AZFJJIY0SMJZRN107/President+bell+cannon+2.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404070612-FRW36XR1LP7BLJPXEMXU/President+1721+hairy+gun+3+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Tampion in place https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404177772-Z1NX79F6WV95NPCAJSF2/President+4519+4+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404208030-LFLD79VFBM4PZAY36R8X/President+4519+5+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404234906-8CEYBLSFBJCQP037Y4FC/President+4519+6+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Adhering cannonball https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404338493-C9W9BTSNWEXW09NI43FT/President+10722+gun+2+compressed.jpg The President (1684) - Gun 13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404488948-LB0J2QJJCHPY06V5M2FV/President+20519+cannon12+tampion.jpg The President (1684) - Tampion in place https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404565861-ZJFXK25Q0M4BTSHBYV2Y/President+4519+17+choice+compressed.jpg The President (1684) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404586359-VHY7P9HMUCJZ2XEXGREP/President+4519+16+compressed.jpg The President (1684) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1669404527269-MCWU7XTWZ5FWOOFCMHPC/President+jellyfish+1+compressed.jpg The President (1684) http://davidgibbins.com/a-history-of-the-world-in-twelve-shipwrecks daily 0.75 2026-02-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1708334144457-EAL21EN7AZSWI7GCGBFS/King+Alan+5+bk+bk+modified+gimp+compressed.JPG A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e442306e-5fb8-454a-b900-a7fe345be147/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5ed1480a-2760-40bd-bfa0-42e68186aa54/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/90153340-5693-4341-9964-ad632bcf8d6b/Quote+Smit+dark+blue.png A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0b6b7b44-244d-4e99-bec9-428e674f0bd9/Quote+Bound+dark+blue.jpeg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f7dac457-6fe5-4240-b73e-18fd98901ae8/Quote+Roberts+dark+blue.jpeg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3babb668-5a4d-4247-b8cb-89db659650f1/Quote+Kirkus+dark+blue.jpeg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b4031be8-0330-4868-95f0-9cc55d04fd9e/A+History+of+the+World+sources+cover.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Click here for a pdf with a detailed list of the sources for quotes in the book. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3e7d715e-ba97-47e5-bedb-b653b1ddb8c0/David+Gibbins+under+ice+2+medium+res+smart+fixed+low+res.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Diving in Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b42cc109-3ee9-4d6f-b276-4994268e9e52/Dover+Boat+my+photo+closeup+1.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out The Dover Bronze Age Boat https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/691cb652-963f-435e-8eea-0394c007f2f1/Uluburun+ILN+2+modified.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/27db3b67-861a-41d9-9fc8-7cbc659a84f2/Tektas+Poseidon+3+cropped+2+compressed.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/876fff6e-5b77-4bd1-bad9-19e465137ea7/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+surface+view+2+compressed.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out The Plemmirio Roman wreck https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b44127c4-5648-46a6-957f-9f96cd97ffda/Church+Wreck+Kap+8+ed.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6a0a8ae9-7fa3-4c1a-a561-09cae5425249/Belitung+map+cropped.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d51f0122-811b-4b2f-a5fe-9e0de7e46fed/H12+Vikings+Rasmussen+painting+2.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out Viking ship (11th century AD) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/19b1285a-4baa-47c1-8313-3ceb60776480/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+webgun+deck+compressed.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out The Mary Rose (1545) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c0cb4f96-2f78-4508-a07e-47e2483c1ea2/Pin+Shipwrecks+Molly+Cannon+final+compressed.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/02ed30d6-2bdf-4da2-9920-d76b4bb83fc1/Pin+Shipwrecks+Rembrandt+with+two+circles+compressed.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out The Lost Rembrandts https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b4717c89-642f-4f48-bd6e-f23608bc2837/Royal+Anne+Galley+3+coins+best+small.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out The Royal Anne Galley (1721) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f7195d6c-ac16-4301-9797-6ac0209f4413/Franklin+Terror+paintins+Smith.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out HMS Terror (1848) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/15df348d-4a92-4dbe-96b7-7499ed7744ff/H12+Gairsoppa+Caerthillian+cove+small.jpg A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks - Make it stand out SS Gairsoppa (1941) http://davidgibbins.com/the-dover-boat daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1702818673872-S0TX41UF5PUT7N8W9F7K/Dover+Boat+my+image+close+up+2.jpg The Dover Boat https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3c75e107-0d00-4275-a286-1865e4ddc8e4/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg The Dover Boat - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6133659b-1148-448f-872b-22ab0fe580c8/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg The Dover Boat - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/38202903-8259-48cb-8854-1709aecb4494/Dover+Boat+sword+Moor+Sand.jpg The Dover Boat - Make it stand out Copper alloy sword with bent tang from the Moor Sand site, c. 1300-1150 BC. Length 64.2 cm. British Museum 1981,1103.1 (© The Trustees of the British Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b6dd8f99-d986-4367-95d4-6f55f1133803/Keith+Muckelroy+Moor+Sands.JPG The Dover Boat - Make it stand out Keith Muckelroy at the Moor Sand site, Devon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/fe5aa5cd-a190-4236-9bbc-1804620fdfff/Dover+Boat+my+image+close+up+2.jpg The Dover Boat - Make it stand out The Bronze Age boat in the Dover Museum (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/386f1f98-ec11-460f-b6de-681102eaffcd/Dover+Boat+my+photo+closeup+1.jpg The Dover Boat - Make it stand out Detail of the Bronze Age boat in the Dover Museum, showing the carpentered cleats and rails as well as the sewn joinery with yew withies (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e8c432d7-6f99-4178-9c7c-49cc85346ab1/Dover+Boat+Langdon+Bay+assemblage.jpg The Dover Boat - Make it stand out Part of the Langdon Bay assemblage in the Dover Museum, showing bronze axes, swords, knives and tools (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/66978917-b4c1-4346-9f27-f030a8e70b74/Dover+Boat+Langdon+bronzes+2.jpg The Dover Boat - Make it stand out Bronze axes from the Langdon Bay site. British Museum 1981,0702.3 (© The Trustees of the British Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2c744d46-e94b-4dd1-8214-d457c2151cb6/Dover+boat+Moor+Sand+torc.jpg The Dover Boat - Make it stand out Part of a twisted gold torc from the Moor Sand site. Diameter 4.2 cm. British Museum 2005,0503.2 (© The Trustees of the British Museum). http://davidgibbins.com/the-plemmirio-roman-wreck daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1702924143644-F1B7AE4DUGLQZUAW8F5T/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+surface+view+2+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4f009722-58d4-4eb0-8b03-31a99b306028/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0abbdcd4-4dcb-4bcc-aa4a-704cdc46e1f6/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a43a4d0a-5219-495e-bb95-2c5356d19c09/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+IJNA+1986.JPG The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/58917394-b95e-4f8a-97eb-3c9ffea92e08/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+map.JPG The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ac3328c1-0176-42fd-ae7f-5961942669c6/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+surface+view+2+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out A view south-east from the Plemmirio cliffs over the wreck site and the Ionian Sea, with the next landfall being eastern Libya some 700 kilometres away. Only the waters close inshore are within safe diving depth using compressed air - the depth drops to over 3,000 metres by the time you would reach the position of the ship visible on the horizon. Every day when the weather allowed we drove our boats to and from our campsite at Capo di Ognina to the south, tying up to the shotline buoy over the wreck and carrying out two dives per day with a four hour interval. An access point along the peninsula about a kilometre to the east allowed divers to rest on shore between dives and be taken to and from the site in one of the boats. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/eb742575-5ac4-40d5-bd37-480979b2f18c/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+1985+Jim+timekeeping+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Jim Coates and Melanie Rees acting as timekeeper and safety diver on the site. This was before the widespread use of dive computers, so all diving was carried out using watches and depth gauges to calculate remaining bottom time according to the British Sub-Aqua Club tables. As we did not have a recompression chamber ourselves - the nearest was at Catania, just up the coast - all diving was done according to ‘no-stop’ times, meaning that only a safety stop was required to surface. A typical dive to 30 metres allowed a 20 minute ‘no-stop’ bottom time, which happened to be about right for the cylinder size and pressure we were using - one tank lasted a dive with a safety leeway. Over three seasons and hundreds of dives we had no incidents of decompression sickness or other pressure-related illness. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9f6e24e6-a547-4806-8ce0-7a793fd58859/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+scalpel.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out One of the bronze scalpels from the site, comprising the handle and attached ‘blunt dissector’, the leaf-shaped blade to the left. The iron scalpel blade to the right survived only as ferrous residue in a deep notch that held it (you can see the vertical notch on the side that held a retaining wire to keep the blade in place). These scalpels are rare examples of a type that was most probably for specialised eye surgery, and are unique finds in a Roman wreck of this period. I am very grateful to Professor Anthony Snodgrass, Ralph Jackson and Dr Ernst Künzl for help with this identification (length 8.5 cm). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/239dffab-a624-4700-a077-95dce821956a/Blog+Plemmirio+lamps+scan.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out My drawings of two of the pottery oil lamps from the wreck. The lower one is stamped IVNDRA, making this a rare example of a lamp with the name of this lamp maker in or near Rome. I am very grateful to Donald Bailey of the British Museum for help with this identification. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3f4a51ae-9a2b-4868-ad20-3ad8af9072f5/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+David+boat+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out A view of me raising an amphora top from the wreck. The line nearest to me is the shotline, attached to a mooring point on the seabed, and the other one is a weighted line that allowed us to sink the buoy a few metres below the surface at the end of each day, meaning that the site marker was not visible and was below any small boats that might come this close inshore. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9a3edb42-3093-4af6-8fb9-e4cdb767429e/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+1985+Doron+Malin+raising+amphora+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Doron Cohen and Malin Dixon using a lifting bag to raise large fragments of an amphora from the deeper part of the site. Using a lifting bag is a tricky business as the air inside expands on ascent and needs to be continuously bled off - as Doron is doing here - in order to prevent the bag from rocketing to the surface. At the same time, the divers need to be aware of their own ascent rate in order to keep within decompression rules, so using the shotline for security was essential. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a825ea99-8321-4f7f-b66e-180a5b91d6ab/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+Marilyn+excavation+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Divers excavating a nearly intact amphora at the deepest part of the site, in 42-45 metres depth. At this point the steep rocky slope or ‘talus’ ended in a level sandy plan that extended out to sea for some distance, gradually dropping to 70 metres and then more steeply to abyssal depths in excess of 3,000 metres. Because we had no recompression chamber and planned our diving within the British Sub-Aqua Club tables, we only did a few ‘bounce dives’ to 50 metres to see if any more of the wreck extended out into deeper waters. The letters CUUEG on the diver’s cylinder refer to the Cambridge University Underwater Exploration Group, who generously lent us equipment - many of the divers were also members of CUUEG. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/659f8e6a-3835-4fdb-8e7b-320badde862d/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+1985+Marilyn+flash+photo+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out A close-up view of the amphora under excavation in the previous photo, a large cylindrical ‘Africano grande’ type. Nowadays I would have many pictures like this - sometime over a hundred per dive! - but the 1980s was a long time before digital photography and underwater cameras were few and far between, whereas now virtually every diver takes a camera with them. All of the photos on this page were scanned from slides. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/71153350-306e-48c3-a5d8-6199ac25e0bb/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+David+raising+A2A+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out A photo of me raising an amphora top from the wreck. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/60a93349-4d4e-4ad3-90d4-57ebe7a50ddf/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+Ognina+finds+1985+small+amphora+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out A view of artefacts from the wreck, including a beautiful intact small amphora, amphora tops and bases of the main cylindrical types on the wreck, pottery oil lamps, kitchen and table pottery and in the left foreground one of the bronze scalpels. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7961ef47-77a2-45c3-9dc2-8b338788687a/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+amphora+drawings.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out I drew all of the amphora tops and bases from the wreck before they were consigned to the Siracusa archaeological superintendency. Drawings such as these, done at 1:1 scale by balancing the amphora on a sheet of film and tracing around it using a set square, are invaluable for recording details of manufacture and shape that may allow the amphora to be sourced to a particular area and even the hand of an individual potter to be identified. These are all examples of the main ‘Africano grande’ form on the wreck. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/54490fda-c1c5-4cff-90c5-d513ca7f57ae/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+1985+Jenny+A2A+and+small+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Jenny Lobell with two of the amphoras from the wreck. The large amphora, of a form termed ‘Africano grande’, was the main cargo amphora type the ship, but there were also examples of the smaller ‘Africano piccolo’, of identical fabric but narrower. These two forms were made in the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis in the late 2nd and early 3rd century AD and were respectively for fish produce and olive oil. The ship carried fewer than 200 amphoras, but the larger ones had a capacity of some 60 litres each so would have represented a considerable consignment - probably destined for Rome. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/12f13c69-6edd-4e77-9c32-7d422f1e7616/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+David+finds+Ognina+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out A photo by Jim Coates of me in 1985 examining finds from the wreck before they were consigned to the Siracusa archaeological superintendency. All of these are published in the reports that I wrote on the wreck after the end of the last field season in 1987. This and the previous photo were taken at the expedition camp at Cape di Ognina, about 7 km south-west of Penisola della Maddalena. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0cefbb8b-650f-456f-93cc-77f7bfab5a46/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+1985+Jenny+and+lid+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out The lid of one of the smaller ‘Africano piccolo’ amphoras. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ebe3c3e6-f4a8-4c6b-95e8-07ad3238bebd/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+1985+Jenny+glass+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Two glass fragments recovered from the wreck - the handle of a bottle or jug and the base of a fine bowl. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/68e7eb42-490e-4469-b9c5-c5649a22d865/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+PP+top+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out An Africano Grande amphora top stamped with letters ending PP, almost certainly referring to the Praetorian Prefect Gaius Fulvius Plautianus and dating the wreck closely to about AD 200, when he held this office. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/cfcd9302-476f-4a53-a8c7-ebd1aea6301b/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+1983+David+Malcolm+compressed+BW+small.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out My first-ever media interview, by Malcolm Billings for a BBC Radio 4 ‘Origins’ programme in 1983. I’d just come up from a dive on the wreck and was telling Malcolm what it looked like on the seabed (and checking my depth gauge to tell him my maximum depth - this was in the days before dive computers!) The episode aired on Sunday 4 September 1983 at 1600, but unfortunately does not seem to have been archived. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d5110658-4a79-4279-a8b7-a3cb290becb2/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+1985++Julie+David+1+compressed+BW.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out Preparing to dive with Julie Cole in 1987. The cross-shaped cleft in the cliff marking the site can be seen to the left, and the lighthouse on Capo Murro di Porco in the background. There was no access to the sea from the cliffs for more than a kilometre on either side of the site, so all diving was from boats. One great advantage of the Mediterranean for dive planning is the near-absence of tides - a similar headland in the Atlantic such as the Lizard Peninsula in Cornwall, where I do much of my diving now, would be swept by strong tidal currents several times a day. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/be95b0df-b490-45ac-a714-ca81499832eb/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+mapping+wreck+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out A diver using a grid square to plan artefacts on the seabed. Much time was spent planning the site using tape-measure triangulation from baselines as well as detailed recording as here. Although the wreck was scattered, with many of the amphoras broken into sherds (as you can see here), the plan revealed clear patterns in distribution including a concentration of cooking pottery and domestic items at one end of this site, showing that there was some relation to the original shipboard layout. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/29b343d2-4517-4f61-aa62-36e4bbb765d8/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+lamp.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out The upper surface of a pottery oil lamp of north African manufacture showing a reclining antelope (diameter 4.5 cm). Of the four lamps found at the site, two were African and two from the area of Rome, reflecting the previous voyages of the ship. Like the cooking pottery, fire-blackening showed that these lamps had been for use on the ship rather than being cargo. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7d44f808-00d4-40fa-9d02-ad7cfe43b007/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+David+scalpel+Edge+2+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out One of a series of photos taken by Chris Edge showing me with a Roman scalpel above the gully where it was discovered, at 27 metres depth. The site was covered with rock debris from the cliff as well as marine growth, and small items such as this could easily have been missed - but careful excavation paid off! All three of the scalpels were found at this spot, probably having been in some form of medical instrument case. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6bce4746-e71b-47fe-a88e-56def88a9728/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+Lion+ship.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out This mosaic, now lost (and known only from this black and white photo), was excavated in the 1950s at a baths complex near the shore at Sullecthum (present-day Ras Salakta) in eastern Tunisia. With neutron activation analysis of the amphora sherds from the wreck showing that the cargo most probably originated in this port, it is fascinating to see the depiction of the stern of a merchant vessel as well as its name - Leontius, meaning ‘Lion.’ Could this have been the name of the Plemmirio ship? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a703ae43-872a-4b2d-ab97-7b8e7135e889/Shipwrecks+Plemmirio+Ostia+Sullecthum+compressed.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out One of the mosaics in front of an office in the ‘Square of the Merchants’ at Ostia, the port city near the mouth of the river Tiber that served Rome. The letters show that this one was for the navicularii - the merchants - of Sullecthum, the port in Tunisia that was the likely home of the Plemmirio ship. The two ships give an excellent idea of the appearance of Roman merchantmen of this period, with a main square sail and stern steering oars, and the fish at the bottom may suggest that they specialised in salted fish and fish sauce - an important protein staple in Rome. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9a671c01-a935-48ac-a4c8-9554aae6415b/Husky+Plemmirio+Syracuse+burning.jpg The Plemmirio Roman wreck - Make it stand out In my chapter I mention my grandfather’s experience during the Allied invasion of Sicily on 10 July 1943, when he was Second Officer of an Assault Landing ship putting ashore Canadian and British troops and equipment. This photo shows a British ship on fire after air attack as troops are put ashore only about three miles south of Penisola della Maddalena - within sight of the Plemmirio cliffs. You can read more about the assault in a detailed blog that I wrote by clicking on the link below (Imperial War Museum, © IWM A 18091). http://davidgibbins.com/the-mary-rose daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1703329057850-DMEXTMZDBQ076HQVUH08/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+webgun+deck+compressed.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4091e998-1263-428b-ba05-097e022657cf/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/27c2ac05-de70-4b74-95fa-646cb1bc599e/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/61e6a2d3-bc86-41aa-9c1c-ae4b4cfa0d43/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+web+hull+1+compressed.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out I took this photo of the Mary Rose in April 2018, five years after the polyethylene glycol spray had been switched off and the timbers allowed to air-dry. It looked very different from the first time I saw it in October 1982, when the hull was still in the steel cradle in which it had been lifted from the seabed and the timbers were shrouded in fresh-water spray. Today it remains in the same place - No 3 Dry Dock in the old Royal Navy Dockyard, next to HMS Victory - but within a purpose-build museum opened in 2013. The starboard side of the hull remains well-preserved, a result of being buried in the silt of the Solent after the ship had heeled over. Artefacts from the missing port side that had fallen into the starboard side have been reconstructed in their original position on the left side of the museum, giving a marvellous sense of the ship having been opened up in cross-section for the visitor - as you can see in the next photo (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/beb24a6a-856b-4a00-b9ed-659b665646ae/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+webgun+deck+compressed.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out One of a series of photos I took in May 2022 of the reconstructed port-side gun-deck, showing the original artefacts - including the wooden gun carriages - arranged as they would have been before the ship sank. The image illustrates the transitional period of the mid-16th century in the history of naval guns, with the more modern cast bronze muzzleloader in the foreground alongside older wrought-iron breechloaders. The latter represent a continuation of late medieval tactics in which guns were mainly used as anti-personnel weapons, whereas iron shot from a bronze muzzleloader - able to withstand a much more powerful charge -could penetrate a hull or bring down a mast. It was not until the mid-19th century that cast-iron technology and better breech mechanisms allowed breechloaders to supersede muzzleloaders as anti-ship weapons (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d0da79fb-7251-48f3-9181-150800f68a16/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+Cowdray+snip.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out The Cowdray engraving, a copy of a painting made shortly after the Battle of the Solent and hung in Cowdray House, West Sussex. In the 1770s the Society of Antiquaries commissioned a copy of the painting from the engraver James Basire, one of whose apprentices was the young William Blake; the commission proved prescient, as the house was destroyed by fire in 1793. It is one of the richest portrayals to survive of life in the Tudor period, and is particularly important for the details of soldiers and their armaments, fortifications and ships. King Henry VIII is show in the centre riding from Portsmouth to Southsea Castle just ahead of him, with the sinking of the Mary Rose shown above that in front of the English fleet in the Solent. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/61eaaf2d-3f27-4f64-813b-c28637f630f6/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+web+Solent+compressed.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out I took this photo from a boat in Portsmouth harbour looking out over the Solent towards the Isle of White, to replicate the view that sailors would have had as the English ships massed in preparation for their foray towards the French fleet - if you look at the Cowdray engraving above, it is the view from the furthest ship to the right past the tower at the harbour entrance towards the site where the Mary Rose foundered. The tower has long gone but the present-day buildings on the left side of the harbour entrance - some of them 18th century or older - given an idea of its appearance in the 16th century (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c211fa54-ab45-4d5c-877b-01b53fbbaea9/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+Cowdray+close+up.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out Detail of the Cowdray engraving showing the horrifying aftermath of the sinking of the Mary Rose. Many aspects of this depiction are borne out by the archaeology and circumstances of the wreck, and indicate that the artist had reliable eyewitnesses - including a general sense of the rapidity and shock of the sinking, the depth and angle of the wreck shown by the protruding mastheads and the very few survivors or bodies on the surface, most having been trapped under the anti-boarding netting when the ship went down. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4e762129-e5e3-4f56-bc97-572b6b00f77f/Mary+Rose+Anthony+Roll+2.png The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out Depiction of the Mary Rose on the Anthony Roll, a register of Henry VIII’s navy compiled under the guidance of Anthony Anthony, overseer of the Ordnance Office. It was presented to Henry shortly after the sinking, suggesting optimism that she might be raised and refloated. The 58 ships are depicted with a list below of the crew size and weapons and ammunition aboard. This record has proved invaluable for archaeologists studying the Mary Rose, with crucial details that help to explain the extent of the disaster - for example, the anti-boarding netting, visible in the depiction, that probably trapped many of the men - though with some debate about the accuracy of the very high stern and forecastles. As in the Cowdray engraving, the flags and streamers give a sense of pageantry to the ship, a reminder that the early16th century was also a time of jousting and extravagant displays of kingship and wealth. This image was in part of the roll given in 1646 by King Charles II to Samuel Pepys (then Secretary of the Navy), and is in the Pepys Library, Magdalene College, Cambridge (Pepys 2991). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7522a345-378b-46dc-aa78-3046814ac849/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+web+Owyn+cannon+1+compressed.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out The elaborately decorated bronze gun described in my chapter bearing the inscription below the lion’s head trunnels of the brothers Owen (spelled Owyn), gunfounders of London, and that of the king below the roundel with the Tudor rose (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2fed8123-90a2-4056-b1a1-a59e6a5d9d28/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+web+Henry+cannon+1+compressed.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out Another bronze gun from the wreck bearing the inscription of Henry VIII. The close association of the Mary Rose with Henry VIII comes not only through being a flagship of his navy but also because he himself came aboard at least once, and probably a number of times - perhaps including the eve of her final battle (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6829d15f-9601-428b-a19a-38f0c53cf263/Shipwrecks+Mary+Rose+Carew.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out Portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger of Sir George Carew, captain of the Mary Rose. This is the only known portrait of a member of the ship’s company who died on that day, though facial reconstruction based on skeletal remains has brought others back to life in a different way. The inscription (with his name spelled incorrectly) was added in the 18th century. Black and coloured chalks and metalpoint (Royal Collection Trust RCIN 912197). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f1f3e2ab-16ec-4807-9972-5a602f843312/Shipwrecks+Victory+Mary+Rose+view+1+compressed.jpg The Mary Rose (1545) - Make it stand out At the Portsmouth Naval Dockyards you can walk through the entire history of the Royal Navy, from its origins at the time of the Mary Rose to the present-day, with Portsmouth still being an active naval base - a few metres from the Mary Rose is HMS Victory (still a commissioned ship in the Royal Navy), and behind that the berth of the aircraft carriers HMS Prince of Wales and Queen Elizabeth. It is a history of the ships that gave Britain a global reach in exploration, trade, colonisation and war (photo: David Gibbins). http://davidgibbins.com/the-marzamemi-church-wreck daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1703499790163-UJ8XXO90TWCX8R9ZJPAL/Church+Wreck+Ravenna+Justinian+mosaic+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3ec669f4-60b2-4daf-9dc5-0c7c1c02afc6/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/026d8aa2-ac02-402d-841a-c77a0deacb85/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/47b51892-0d8e-4539-b261-add8922367dc/Church+Wreck+Kapitan+19+exc+1961+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out An early photo at the site in 1961, showing slabs of marble as they were first seen lying at the bottom of a gully. This degree of exposure helps to explain the worn condition of many of the marble fragments, as marble does not survive well in seawater and the surface details erode (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/67b955c9-7369-4087-b1bc-7d8baf8782d6/Church+Wreck+Kap+7+airllift+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Divers using a water dredge to excavate sand from part of the site. The diver on the right has a J-valve on his cylinder to show when air was low - when closed, the valve stopped the flow of air at about 500 psi as a warning to surface, but it could then be opened by pulling on the metal rod on the side of the cylinder. All of my early diving until 1979 was carried out using J-valves as we did not commonly have contents (pressure) gauges (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/900286a0-1139-46e9-9e7b-520d024e2a95/Church+Wreck+Kap+1+column+base+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out A diver attaches rope to a column base in preparation for lifting (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4aa33130-d0ba-4c71-a8b7-1e673a339445/Church+Wreck+Kap+8+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Divers work to free a marble fragment from the seabed (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6a12ae4f-e8af-45c4-92fd-602ce819daa7/Church+Wreck+Kap+9+raising+bag.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Divers prepare to life a fragment of marble using an air-filled lifting bag (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f5611ebf-bdb9-49e5-8d9e-23e5322e5434/Church+Wreck+Kap+10+modified.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out An elevation drawing of the reconstructed ambo from the Church Wreck, showing the position of a number of the fragments with crosses and decorative surrounds. These elements were all of Thessalian verde antico, ‘ancient green’, a mottled serpentine breccia (and therefore strictly speaking not marble, though the term ‘marmor’ was used by the Romans for all decorative stone and this usage continues today among archaeologists in referring to ancient stone). The columns and chancel screen elements were of grey-streaked white marble from the island of Proconessus in the Sea of Marmara. Length across base approx. 5.5 m (my rendering after original by Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ab0ed964-a73e-417f-9be4-9d40d64727ce/Church+Wreck+Istanbul+ambo+compressed+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out A reconstructed ambo in the garden of Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. I first saw this in 1984 soon after I had dived at Marzamemi, and I have revisited it several times since. The marble is a red-veined stone from Asia Minor, and therefore different from the Thessalian verde antico of the Church Wreck ambo, but in other respects the two ambos are very similar. This came from the nearby church of Beyazit A and also dates to the early-mid 6th century AD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/46b567fc-6f70-464b-97a3-1a4c5c5f26ec/Church+Wreck+Red+Slip+Bishop+and+sketch.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Part of a red-slip pottery bowl from the Church Wreck with a stamp showing a saint wearing a beaded ‘dalmatica’ robe, with one arm raised in salute and the other carrying a cross. Dr John Hayes, a leading expert on Roman Mediterranean pottery who helped me with pottery from the Plemmirio wreck, identified this as stamp type 232b in his book Late Roman Pottery (a more complete example from his book is shown here as an inset) and suggested an early 6th century AD date. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9542c085-ed3b-49a4-a255-b5fe99b0bd23/Church+Wreck+Kap+3+2+slabs+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Verde antico fragments from the upper part of the Church Wreck ambo (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5d109fcb-7af0-4caf-805f-56cb37c1d8c0/Church+Wreck+Kap+13+parapet+frags.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Verde antico fragments from the lower sides of the ambo (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a70e32d7-2867-404b-9964-feb8ab963f68/Church+Wreck+Kap+11+column+base+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out A column base in Proconnesian marble (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/68573702-8346-4d0c-b815-0f126dbe61c1/Church+Wreck+Kap+12+column+top+and+mark+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out A column capital in Corinthian style with the maker’s mark PO (Pi Omicron) at the top. Proconnesian marble (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/374b949c-48d7-405e-9c0f-5613c001dcc1/Church+Wreck+Kap+21+cross+beneath+and+columns+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out A large verde antico slab from the floor of the upper ambo, with a cross decoration on the lower side. The brecciated nature of the stone can clearly be seen (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/09f94c20-d635-430f-8394-bd8ee69a5f2e/Church+Wreck+Kap+14+cross.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out A verde antico fragment with a cross from the ambo (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5845bcd5-1d2c-4035-8ce5-51d9b7f1b336/Church+Wreck+Kap+15+large+cross.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out A Proconnesian marble fragment with a cross from the chancel screen (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/017d7dd0-cd06-40f2-9c64-98e665cf46d7/Church+Wreck+Kap+20+curved+design+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Another part of the decoration on the chancel screen (Gerhard Kapitän). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/bb8ce6a8-a72a-41c4-8088-b47004a42974/H12+Church+wreck+Hagia+Sophia+interior.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out The interior of Justinian’s great church of Hagia Sophia, ‘Holy Wisdom’, in Constantinople, showing the nave and chancel that would once have held the ambo, chancel screen and other liturgical furniture. In my chapter I quote from the famous account of Hagia Sophia by Paul the Silentiary - how the ambo rose like an island, providing a beacon for mariners navigating the ‘troubles of the sea.’ The sea was represented by streaked Proconessian marble on the floor, and Thessalian verde antico was extensively used for columns and panels on the walls. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/490a33b5-7d43-4d51-ab4b-ae1b67d62bf5/Church+Wreck+Ravenna+Sant+Apollinare+in+Classe.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out The 6th century AD Church of Sant’Apollinare in Classe in Ravenna, in which the sense of being at sea is also rendered by the marble but in a different way to Hagia Sophia - the columns have been quarried to show horizontal streaking, giving the effect of waves on either side of the nave as the worshipper looks towards salvation in the chancel and above that a vista of paradise with the bishop tending his flock and the cross inside an orb representing heaven and earth. The church is in the standard 'basilican’ form derived from the lawcourts, or basilicas, of Rome - the buildings of the pre-Christian period most suited to large congregations. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6df94092-2921-4d25-899c-5fc046e84ff2/Church+Wreck+Ravenna+Justinian+mosaic+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Mosaic of the Emperor Justinian and his entourage in the 6th century church of San Vitale in Ravenna, showing Christian symbols such as the Chi-Rho on the shield to the left and liturgical equipment carried by the emperor and his bishops. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/bf8d5b86-7147-417d-b5b9-e3ef4ce90462/Church+Wreck+Ravenna+Theodora+ed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Mosaic of the empress Theodora and her entourage in the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna, matching the one on the opposite wall showing Justinian and reflecting their shared role in shaping the Byzantine world of the early 6th century AD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/be8d2e15-5c89-4a88-8f18-7877507fdcf2/316573001.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Drawing of the Byzantine church at Adulis by Richard Rivington Holmes, the British Museum representative on the 1868 Abyssinian expedition who oversaw the excavation carried out by Captain William West Goodfellow of the Royal Engineers with Indian sappers. Holmes portrays himself looking over the church towards the British fleet in Annesley Bay, in the southern Red Sea in present-day Eritrea. The church has the same basilican layout as the Church of Sant’Apollinare in Classe in Ravenna pictured above, but is of a smaller size that was probably common among churches to which prefabricated elements were sent. British Museum 1972,U.566 (© The Trustees of the British Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5629d944-7028-4d9f-be2b-de7cecece2ff/1613908510.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Fragment of relief sculpture in Proconnesian marble with a wreath and one arm of a cross above. Excavated by Captain W.W. Goodfellow, R.E. from the Byzantine church at Adulis. British Museum 1868,1005.15 (© The Trustees of the British Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/67fe95f5-7727-4893-be71-80e7c905adc7/1613908512.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out Another fragment of marble with a cross from the church at Adulis. British Museum OA.11008 (© The Trustees of the British Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7a3ed663-5e8c-4918-b004-ff9ca7c3e881/Church+Wreck+Khobi+Monastery+1.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out The monastery of Khobi in western Georgia, showing the well-preserved elements of a Byzantine ambo that were brought here in the 14th century by a local warlord from a church near the Black Sea. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f588a6b3-e2ef-4343-a186-ffbc72ad113c/Church+Wreck+Shipwrecks+coin+Justinian+improved+golder+compressed.jpg The Marzamemi Church Wreck (6th century AD) - Make it stand out In this photo I’m holding a gold coin of the Emperor Justinian, ‘architect’ of the church building programme in the 6th century AD reflected by the Marzamemi wreck. http://davidgibbins.com/classical-greek-wreck daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1703611429746-0L7EF09AA0T5CAOZIRDM/Tektas+Poseidon+3+cropped.jpg Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/30c93ab1-2c41-4eed-bfa3-c7a543053a8b/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/40894785-dc24-4bb2-9bdc-6fc83ead7777/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/76d19e65-42ba-4212-a64b-e6f2419eba64/Tektas+Antiquity+page+1+compressed.jpg Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) - Make it stand out This article reporting on the first season of excavation in 1999 appeared in Antiquity 74 (283)(2000): 19-20. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7ec775a4-46a8-41af-91fa-62832d3a8e88/Tektas+Antiquity+obverse+compressed.jpg Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ec7b23ba-dc89-4be9-91a7-9ddc1ef3e1af/Tektas+Poseidon+full+1+compressed.jpg Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) - Make it stand out I took this photo of the Artemision Bronze and the photo in the banner of this page during a visit to the National Archaeological Museum in Athens in February 2023, while I was writing this chapter. Found by hard-hat divers in 1926 in a wreck off Cape Artemision in the island of Euboea, it probably represents Zeus but might be Poseidon - the right hand held either a thunderbolt or a trident. It dates from the mid-5th century BC but the wreck was from the 2nd century BC, possibly of a ship transporting looted art back to Italy following the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BC. Because most bronze sculpture was melted down in later periods for the metal, bronze works such as this from the classical Greek period are very rare and most of them come from the sea - the last great repository of undiscovered works of art from antiquity and an exciting prospect for archaeologists as developing technology allows more extensive deep-sea investigation in the Mediterranean. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/186d1164-90e2-4a3a-8e5e-0693e8e097df/Tektas+Hamilton+illustration+1.JPG Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) - Make it stand out Illustration from Volume 1 of Sir William Hamilton’s second catalogue of vases (Collection of Engravings from Ancient Vases mostly of pure Greek workmanship discovered in Sepulchres in the Kingdom of Two Sicilies, 1791), showing a ‘sepulchre’ being opened probably in the Naples area. The woman on the right is almost certainly Lady Emma Hamilton, Admiral Nelson’s lover. Graves such as this in central Italy, often with valuable goods, were the source of most of the intact Greek vases that fill museums today - the western Greeks marketed them among the Etruscans to such an extent that antiquarians up to the time of Hamilton mistakenly thought of them as ‘Etruscan’ vases. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c72dbfb5-8c44-45f8-8ee8-f0610d69ff86/Tektas+Colossus+Bell+Krater.jpg Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) - Make it stand out A red-figure bell krater from Hamilton’s collection in the wreck of HMS Colossus, reconstructed from more than 330 fragments collected at the site in 1972-5. It shows a mythological scene with the god Hephaestus to the right, two maenads to the left and a satyr in the centre. It was made in Attica - the region of Athens - about 440-430 BC, so is very close in date to the Tektaş wreck. British Museum 2000,1101.31 (© Trustees of the British Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/97c13064-ffbc-4c68-9b5e-ee20089f94c5/Tektas+Siren+Vase.JPG Classical Greek wreck (5th century BC) - Make it stand out The ‘Siren Vase’, a red-figure stamnos made in Attica showing a scene from Homer’s Odyssey in which the hero is tied to the mast of his ship to stop him from being tempted by the Sirens. It dates from about 480-470 BC, so perhaps half a century before the Tektaş wreck, but is important for showing the ophthalmos or eye closely reminiscent of the ones found in the wreck. This vase is thought to have been from a grave in Vulci, an Etruscan city north of Rome, and was acquired in 1843 from Alexandrine Bonaparte, sister-in-law of Napoleon I. British Museum 1843,1103.31 (© Trustees of the British Museum). http://davidgibbins.com/bronze-age-wreck-14th-century-bc daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1703694056486-3R9RR8N2BCJXNUIRGBN4/Uluburun+Mycenae+gate+compressed.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a48c4346-4bfc-405a-92cd-6b249ec8296a/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/267249d1-da98-4248-bfa2-ebc765d9486b/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/baeac251-23fd-44ea-acbb-7b0d5341716d/Uluburun+ILN+1+modified.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) - Make it stand out This article was published on 1 November 1993 in the Illustrated London News. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c534b99a-4df4-4367-b4fa-634c89fb4005/Uluburun+ILN+2+modified.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5eb12eba-cf90-4e89-98b3-e95400d98116/Uluburun+map+1+compressed.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) - Make it stand out Map showing the East Mediterranean at the time of the Uluburun wreck, which lay off the coast of southern Turkey below where I have added the red arrow (Simeon Netchev, World History Encyclopedia, Creative Commons License). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c546b6e0-19d9-4a83-bb10-f81fdcbba485/Uluburun+Mycenae+1+compressed.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) - Make it stand out View of the Bronze Age citadel of Mycenae, Greece. Much of the scholarship on the Uluburun wreck has come from the point of view of ancient Egypt and the Near East, reflecting the likely origin of the ship and its cargo as well as the rich backdrop of written and archaeological evidence for trade at the time. My own background as a classical archaeologist inclines me to see things from a Greek perspective, and that was in my mind when I visited Mycenae in February 2023 while I was writing this chapter. There can be no certainty that the ship was heading to Mycenae, but it seems very likely and the finds excavated there show that other cargoes with Egyptian and Near Eastern goods had certainly arrived about that time – including a scarab of Queen Tiye of Egypt, dated not long before the Nefertiti scarab from the wreck, found in a room just along the side of the citadel to the left in this photo. From this viewpoint just outside the grave circle excavated by Schliemann you can see across the Argolid plain to the Gulf of Nauplion where the ships would have arrived. Both the grave circle and the famous Lion Gate that you can see in the banner of this page were already there and would have been seen by merchants and envoys coming up from the plain to visit the king in his citadel. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1f606463-9edd-4f80-83fb-6822038d2495/Uluburun+Nefertiti.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) - Make it stand out Head of Nefertiti, found in 1912 at Amarna, Egypt, c. 1345 BC. The Uluburun wreck is the first in history that can be associated with an individual whose image survives - Nefertiti, wife of the pharaoh Akhenaten and stepmother as well as mother-in-law of Tutankhamun. Because the gold scarab with her hieroglyphic name from the wreck was probably old at the time it was lost - either carried as scrap or as a decorative or talismanic item than no longer held power in Egypt but might have done elsewhere - the other individual whose image survives who may actually have been contemporaneous with the wreck was Tutankhamun himself. It would be hard to find two more compelling and significant individuals to be linked with archaeology in this way - the one celebrated through history for her beauty and her heretic husband, and the other for the extraordinary light that the discovery of his tomb has shed on ancient Egypt at the time of its greatest wealth. Staatliche Museen zu Berlin ÄM 21300 (Credit: Berlin State Museums, Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection / Sandra Steiß, Creative Commons License). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/91cf116b-546e-4b0d-bacc-c50bba18bc46/Uluburun+Amarna+letter.jpg Bronze Age wreck (14th century BC) - Make it stand out Clay tablet from Amarna, Egypt, c. 1346-1332 BC (length 14 cm). Unlike the Bronze Age world of north-west Europe described in the previous chapter, that of the East Mediterranean was one in which writing was widespread and survives to give an extraordinarily rich picture of society at the time – through the hieroglyphic inscriptions of Egypt and the clay tablets in which scribes wrote in wedge-shaped ‘cuneiform’. One of the most important of those archives, from Akhenaten’s short-lived capital of Amarna, gives a remarkable picture of the mechanisms of trade about the time of the Uluburun wreck. In this letter, the King of Alashiya, probably Cyprus, greets the King of Egypt, promising to send him copper in return for an ebony bed encrusted in gold, a golden chariot, horses, linen and oil, and speaks of an alliance between them – evidence that much ‘trade’ may best be seen as tribute or gift-exchange between rulers, creating and cementing alliances that may also have involved royal marriages. British Museum E29789 (© The Trustees of the British Museum, Creative Commons License). http://davidgibbins.com/viking-wreck-11th-century-ad daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1703847541959-G99K49MWYD83R41ZWO10/H12+Vikings+Rasmussen+painting.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/101a24bd-3e0d-442e-a76c-4468b1b61335/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7149ef9c-0002-4eb2-b276-4b6fe8ca2796/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/44ac5494-be5c-4761-8a26-8511d04ef1ee/Vikings+Roskilde+ship+1+compressed.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out The 11th century AD Roskilde ship as reconstructed for the 2013 National Museum of Denmark exhibit, with the keel and surviving parts of the lower hull visible (CC BY-SA, John Lee, The National Museum of Denmark). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6ba3eaa9-10c4-4ef1-8bca-81ecd00befcc/Vikings+AS+Chronicle+compressed+combined.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out A page from the Parker Chronicle, the text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle held in the Parker Library of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge - my college, where I was able to see and handle the Chronicle as a graduate student. In the entry for AD 787 mid-way down the second page you can see the first-ever reference to a Viking raid in British waters - ‘This year King Bertric took Edburga the daughter of Offa to wife. And in his days came first three ships of the Northmen from the land of robbers. The reve then rode thereto, and would drive them to the king's town; for he knew not what they were; and there was he slain. These were the first ships of the Danish men that sought the land of the English nation’ (as translated by James Ingram in his edition of 1823). In the extract at the bottom from that entry you can see the telling - and terrifying - words: scipu deniscra monna, ‘ships of the Danish men’ (Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 173: The Parker Chronicle). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/dc6c8760-fdb6-4e8b-9396-4bb6e9bbaea7/H12+Vikings+Rasmussen+painting.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out ‘Sommernat under den Grønlandske Kyst circa Aar 1000’, Summer in the Greenland coast circa the year 1000, by Carl Rasmussen. This beautiful painting arose from personal experience - Rasmussen visited Greenland in 1870-1 and made sketches that he later turned into paintings, this one having been completed in 1875 and exhibited in Copenhagen the following year. It gives a vivid impression of the rough seas of the southern Denmark Strait and the Labrador Sea, with icebergs that would have been calved off the glaciers in western Greenland - conditions that would have been experienced by the first Greenlanders to sail west towards ‘Vinland’. Rasmussen died at sea while painting, after being swept off a boat in 1883 between Orkney and Shetland (private collection, image in public domain). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1f89f623-d8e8-44b4-9f84-7bdafaae9e36/Vikings+ship+Chicago+1.JPG Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out Illustration from the 19 August 1893 issue of Scientific American showing the Viking at the Chicago World’s Fair. Based on the Gokstad ship, the first great discovery of a ship burial in Norway - found in 1880, some 23 years before the Oseberg ship - the Viking sailed across the Atlantic and arrived to great acclaim at New York, before making her way via the Erie Canal and Great Lakes to Chicago (you can read a contemporary account in the 1893-4 issue of the Chautauquan here). Ironically, at a fair officially titled the ‘World Columbian Exposition’, designed to celebrate 500 years since Columbus ‘discovered’ North America, the Viking proved that Norse longships could have sailed across the Atlantic five hundred years before Columbus - something that was to be confirmed archaeologically with the discovery of the Norse settlement at L’Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland in 1960. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c3eb2901-24d0-4eef-8a5b-f7bb1bdd47b7/Vikings+map+1+compressed.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out Map showing the extent of Viking settlement and exploration at the time of the Roskilde ship, which lay beneath the red arrow that I have added to this map. To the north-west of Greenland, the furthest northerly Viking artefacts to be discovered lay beyond this map off Ellesmere Island at a Thule site - possibly brought there through trade or raiding or salvaged from a wreck. To the west, the land of ‘Hop’ described in the Vinland Sagas may be the coast of present-day New Brunswick on the west side of the Gulf of St Lawrence. Viking exploration along the eastern seaboard of the United States is a matter of speculation and has yet to be substantiated archaeologically (Simon Netchev, World History Encyclopedia, Creative Commons License). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/bc6d4c33-e692-438e-a9d8-d4323560dded/Vikings+Oseberg+full+ship+1904+compressed.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out The 9th century AD Oseberg Ship under excavation in Norway in 1904, with the carved prow clearly visible (UniMus: Kultur, Norway). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/40887182-72e2-43c5-8ee8-4d9f148d5a93/Vikings+Oseberg+prow+2+compressed.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out The reconstructed prow of the Oseberg ship, in the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo (Mårten Teigen, UniMus: Kultur, Norway). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/887495d4-0c88-43f0-8e0e-a83b0e6878b4/Rune+Alan+compressed.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out My brother Alan Gibbins photographing the Norse rune in Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, showing its context on a marble balustrade overlooking the nave of the church - a place from which the Varangian Guard might have watched proceedings below (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5b4c63a9-fa5e-41ff-bcf4-d8f81417e842/Rune+compressed+edited.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out The Norse rune being photographed by my brother Alan in the previous image. Roughly translated, it probably reads ‘Halfdan was here’, and may have been made by a member of the Emperor’s Varangian Guard about the 10th or 11th century (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/bd186902-e7fa-48ca-8911-198087f5d09a/Vikings+Arctic+2004+1+compressed.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out I took this photo in 2004 off western Greenland looking towards Upernavik, part of the archipelago that includes the island of Kingittorsuaq (which we had passed earlier that morning while it was still dark) - site of the most northerly Norse artefact to be discovered in Greenland. This gives an idea of the conditions that the Norse would have experienced in the most northerly waters that they are known to have explored along this coast - and my visit was in August, when the sea was clear of sea-ice and relatively navigable. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7f90e74a-70b8-4303-886b-60f74fe6b075/H12+Vikings+King+runestone+2.jpg Viking wreck (11th century AD) - Make it stand out The Kingittorsuaq runestone, found in 1824 on the island of that name near Upernavik, western Greenland. Translated into Old Norse, the runes can be read as ‘Erlingur the son of Sigvat and Bjarni Þorðar's son and Eindriði Oddr's son, the washingday (Saturday) before Rogation Day, raised this mound and rode...’ Rogation Day was 25 April, suggesting that the men must have overwintered in the islands as it would not have been possible to sail that far north from the Norse settlements in Greenland until summer. It is the furthest northerly evidence for the Norse in western Greenland and may date to around the early 14th century AD, by which time the walrus on which the hunters depended for ivory - for export to Scandinavia and Europe - may have become depleted by over-hunting, forcing the Norse to go further north to find them. Length 6.5 cm (National Museum of Denmark). http://davidgibbins.com/the-belitung-wreck-9th-century-ad daily 0.75 2025-02-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1704175972972-ZATR13BZUIB68W795RU3/Belitung+map+cropped.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f218f57e-5859-4b89-89f2-cf4bf1a8bdc7/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4b829e6c-bcf4-4001-8fb9-22b3e41a7fbb/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e792d2ec-66d9-4b60-b44f-66936120227f/Belitung+Sinbd+roc+compressed.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out The roc attacking Sinbad’s ship, from Volume 6 of Sir Richard Burton’s The Book of a Thousand Nights and a Night (The Burton Club, 1885). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4db3f093-50d3-4566-8067-b55854590ff5/Belitung+map+edited+compressed+again.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out Map from 1748 showing Southeast Asia, with the location of the Belitung wreck beneath the arrow. Srivijaya, the fabled ‘Kingdom of Gold’, lay in Sumatra adjacent to Belitung Island, and Changsha - source of much of the ceramic cargo - is also on this map, some 3,500 kilometres north-north-east of Belitung across the South China Sea. The map superbly illustrates the navigational challenges of the region, with the Malacca Strait between mainland Malaya and Sumatra being the only sea route between east and west. Ships from the west - from Persia and the Islamic world - may first have reached the South China Sea not long before the Belitung wreck. For the ancient mariners of the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a first-century AD merchant’s guide to the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean, the limit of their exploration was probably Sri Lanka and south-eastern India - goods from further east were brought by south-east Asian merchants across the Bay of Bengal from the Malacca Strait, and beyond that they only knew from sailors’ accounts of the fabled Chrysê, ‘Land of Gold’, and a far-off place called ‘Thina’. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/31130cec-df01-4829-a1e2-78ea65f6cdd6/Silk+Road+Belitung+1.JPG The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out Artefacts from the Belitung wreck in the Silk Roads Exhibition at the British Museum, held from 26 September 2024 to 23 February 2025 (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a65066f9-eb10-43f9-bbfe-8d8980c5a661/Silk+Road+Belitung+2+modified+compressed.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out A Chinese Changsha bowl from the Belitung wreck showing a curly-haired man, probably a foreigner (Silk Roads Exhibition, British Museum. Photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7c8b5e42-1ac2-4795-8b7f-cc6b2e7e2b81/Silk+Road+Belitung+6+modified+compressed.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out A Chinese silver bowl from the Belitung wreck with a rhinoceros (Silk Roads Exhibition, British Museum. Photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/60be371c-2baa-4170-bb45-ace4e68b21e3/Silk+Road+Belitung+3+modified+compressed.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out A Chinese gold cup from the Belitung wreck showing musicians and a dancer (Silk Roads Exhibition, British Museum. Photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e244d988-75a8-44f0-9164-b9c5e9a2e10b/Silk+Road+Beltiung+4+modifed+compressed.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out A Chinese gold bowl from the Belitung wreck showing swans (Silk Roads Exhibition, British Museum. Photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/af79b55c-efc5-4fe2-91a5-ef595bf5cd72/Silk+Road+Belitung+8+modified+compressed.jpg The Belitung wreck (9th century AD) - Make it stand out Three artefacts from the Belitung wreck - a small glass bottle, almost certainly Middle Eastern, an inkstone for mixing ink and a bronze mirror, shown reverse side up (Silk Roads Exhibition, British Museum. Photo: David Gibbins). http://davidgibbins.com/the-santo-cristo-di-castello-1667 daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1704381270324-TGFKPX7MK5ZD15NPOJ9X/Rembrandt+Shipwrecks+Mullion+mr+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/81e663d9-dafb-4d66-ac55-140e211288d5/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a4137227-7b5e-4985-85b6-221a7fbc52e1/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/489627f1-9272-4fbe-92c0-3fd3a86ea709/Pin+Shipwrecks+Rembrandt+with+two+circles+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Click on this image for the association of the Santo Cristo di Castello with two lost Rembrandt masterpieces. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/91f8dbb9-23e6-4812-b387-031e1d9c3fa2/Rembrandt+Shipwrecks+Corpus+Christ+and+angel+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out One of the outstanding finds from a wreck of this date period anywhere is this beautiful copper-alloy Corpus Christi, which I discovered loose in shingle at the site. It is attributable to the workshop of Guglielmo della Porta and probably dates to the late 1500s, about a century before the wreck. See my blog here for more details on this find (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c2eebc94-e174-4465-a3c3-c1f24a78755c/RBP+chandelier+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Another impressive finds from the site is this chandelier body, probably of 16th century date and part of the scrap cargo - possibly, like many of the candlesticks and other brass items, from churches that had embellishments removed during the Reformation (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/97a0662a-7fb5-43a6-b53d-c842803248dc/Pin+Shipwrecks+block+weight+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out One of our most important finds - a two-pound ‘block weight’ for a balance-pan stamped with dates by the Amsterdam authority regulating weights and measures. The latest date, 1665, is the latest likely for a ship being fitted out in 1666, as the Santo Cristo di Castello was - making this further evidence for the identification of the wreck with that ship. See my blog here for more details on this find (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/59c5eaef-6cb0-4f2e-9090-38886794f6eb/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+all+weights+photo+Shipwrecks+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A selection of palance-pan weights from the site, including the ‘block weight’ shown above with the date stamps. See my blog here for more details on these finds (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1a73f9bf-c924-41d4-bf4a-5a95acc21578/Pin+Shipwrecks+cup+weight+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The outer cup of a set of nested weights, this one bearing the stamp of Antwerp inside. See my blog here for more details on this find (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/33ee5c50-a0e1-4f45-b71a-1dc496748dba/Pin+Shipwrecks+steelyard+weight+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A brass-sheathed lead steelyard weight (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9f29b000-5c05-4aa4-8712-20cbdc1e1099/Pin+wreck+bale+seal+1+compressed+2.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Evidence for mercantile activity also comes from small lead bale seals, this one showing the crossed keys of Leiden - a major cloth producing centre (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6f546532-e586-4fbc-8879-01341d5244b3/Rembrandt+Shipwrecks+Mullion+site+1+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A view in early January 2023 from Angrouse cliffs towards Mullion Island and the open Atlantic to the west, showing the likely course of the Santo Cristo di Castello as she was blown into the rocks below (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/151557f6-7e9b-4800-a7cd-13004d0b7f20/Rembrandt+Shipwrecks+Van+de+Velde+3+ships+in+a+Gale+cropped+medium+high+res+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out No images are known of the Santo Cristo di Castello, but there are several paintings of ships of this date by the great Dutch marine artists - including this one of 1673 by Willem van de Velte entitled ‘Three ships in a gale’, showing an armed merchantman probably similar to the ship in circumstances very evocative of the wrecking (NG981, The National Gallery). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f524adfe-b39d-4dd3-9255-c363dd9f5b5f/RBP+Prinz+Willem+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out This 1651 model of the Prins Willem, a Dutch East Indiaman built in 1649 and lost in the Indian Ocean in 1662, probably gives a good idea of the appearance of the Santo Cristo di Castello. The Prinz Willem was 1200 tons burden, making her one of the largest merchant ships of the period, and had 40 guns; the tonnage of the Santo Cristo di Castello is unknown but she had 48 guns, so would have been of this large size. She was built in close proximity to the Dutch East India company shipyards and would probably have been modelled closely on those vessels, which were designed to look like warships (Rijksmuseum NG-NM-11911). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/82b5cf15-4909-43dd-b868-b3dd73df9434/Pin+Shipwrecks+Paynter+letter+fixed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The deposition of William Paynter in 1668 regarding the salvage of material from the wreck that I quote in my chapter, seen here among other papers in the High Court of Admiralty collection in The National Archives at Kew (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/74e01982-fd0a-4cda-bca5-d666028eb873/Pin+shipwrecks+chisel+compressed+modified.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Could this and the next artefact have been the personal possessions of the captain himself? We know that his name was Giovanni Lorenzo Viviano, and that he was from a distinguished Genoese maritime family. This object is a wax chisel, a very rare artefact from this period, used to break off the wax seals from letter - as Captain Viviano would often have done in Amsterdam in his cabin while dealing with the complex paperwork required before he sailed (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1c531662-dd20-48a7-a83d-e5790d7599ab/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+dividers+1+compressed+modified.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The end of a pair of very fine gilt nautical dividers, of the sort that Captain Viviano would very probably have kept in his cabin (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5b69a04b-ad2f-4a94-8619-710d2e7c8d5c/Pin+Molly+18721+David+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Photo of me from the surface in exceptional visibility at the site, showing the cannon that I saw the first time I swam over the wreck in 2018 (photo: Molly Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f58b119e-fdcf-4f7d-9897-c78b2959bcc9/Pin+Wreck+31820+cannon+1+gimp+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A white-balanced photo of one of the guns from the wreck showing its actual appearance unfiltered by water depth - revealing that oxidization is a continuing process (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d0dbc770-db8f-4b76-b6f8-0363cff6c3d7/Pin+Wreck+Facebook+Mark+and+Molly+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out I begin the chapter with an account of my rediscovery of the wreck and then a dive that I did with Mark Milburn and my daughter Molly a short time later. This and the next two photos are from that actual dive - a very memorable and exciting day on the site. This one shows Molly and Mark on the way back from the dive, with Angrouse cliffs and the wreck in the background. On this occasion we used a small inflatable out of Mullion Harbour; we have also shore-dived the site from nearby Polurrian Cove, an arduous undertaking with gear having to be lugged up and down from the cliffs and only possible in very calm seas (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6308b23a-c807-4038-89bb-ba48292c35b6/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+Molly+shingle+gimp+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Molly excavating on the site as I describe in my book. This area of shingle between boulders was rich in artefacts, many of which were loose and had clearly been move around a lot by the frequent heavy groundswell which can cause the shingle to move from one end of the site to the other. The shingle is difficult to move by hand and quickly refills excavated areas between dives (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e933a215-93c3-4f83-bd61-1dbcc933aca5/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+2018+Molly+1+gimp+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Molly uncovering three artefacts at the wreck during that dive - an exciting ‘moment of discovery’ shot (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/8a9c6935-34b3-44bc-a428-9b36bd276b83/Pin+Molly+artefacts+1+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The artefacts in the previous photo. Left to right: part of a chandelier body, a copper handle from a pot and what may be the strap of a hinged lid, possibly for a set of nested weights (it is semi-circular in section so flat-bottomed). As with all of the artefacts shown here, these finds were declared to the UK Receiver of Wreck. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b975be34-8e28-4297-900d-f8048795b17e/RBP+spouts.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Two spouts from lavabos - holy water vessels - of probable 15th century date (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/028c37c0-4aab-49ee-9574-d7ca5ebcccae/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+annunciation+triptych+cropped+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out One of the best ways to date brass domestic items such as those found on the wreck is by the appearance of similar items in dated Dutch paintings. Here in part of the Annunciation Triptych from the workshop of Robert Campin you can see a holy water ‘lavabo’ with spouts and a knopped candlestick, both very similar to the wreck finds. This painting dates from 1427-32 (The Metropolitan Museum of Art). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2af5f645-130a-431c-84e8-6218c87a584a/RBP+candlesticks+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The two knopped candlesticks are of a late medieval form, of probable 15th century date; the one on the right may be 16th century (photo: David Gibbins). ‘Knops’ are the ridges along the shaft of the candlestick. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e64bc16b-3888-47e6-b6c3-94db05dae2f5/Rembrandt+Shipwrecks+Molly+Gibbins+and+cannon+2+modified+compressed+lighter.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out This and the following photo show Molly Gibbins examining two guns at the site, both probably 8 or 9 pounders from the ship’s defensive armament. We have recorded 14 guns out of a known complement of 48 - so a number may have been salvaged at the time and others probably remain buried. In common with Dutch and English East Indiamen, merchant ships such as the Santo Cristo di Castello bound for voyages on the ‘high seas’ were heavily armed and designed to look like warships (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/df3e980a-3798-4695-8260-1bb81e35b578/Rembrandt+Shipwrecks+Molly+Gibbins+and+cannon+1+modified+mh+res+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Molly Gibbins examining a gun on the site (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ad7da616-829c-428c-bf0e-516617e52fcf/Pin+Wreck+Ben+small+cannon+29520+5.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The site contained not only full-size guns but also miniature cannons - this photo shows Ben Dunstan with one of his best finds from the site, a miniature cannon that is very well preserved because it had been embedded and protected in the concretion that you can see to the lower right. These guns - which have a bore and touchhole and could be fired - were produced as ornaments and toys, and also as part of ‘cannon sundials’ in which sunlight magnified into the touchhole would set the gun off at a certain time (photo: Ben Dunstan). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7330dd4f-b44b-4b9a-9348-5e2660915fab/Pin+Shipwrecks+wheels+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Copper alloy artefacts including wheels that may be part of the carriages of miniature cannons (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3acf2501-f105-491c-89a7-cd68ce9179c8/Pin+Shipwrecks+shot+underwater+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A well-preserved 8 pound iron cannonball, with a gun behind (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/8fc8f08c-77e3-46da-8822-e3ae86231efc/Pin+Shipwrecks+bar+shot+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out One half of an iron ‘bar shot’ embedded in concretion, with the second cannonball missing (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c9f5c00a-1de3-4aa2-a55e-7713717ddd09/Gibbins+Mullion+droit+15920+1+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A selection of lead shot from the site, including one-inch balls for swivel guns, musket shot and smaller balls probably used like buckshot in muskets (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ef521eb7-3dbc-4fd4-8451-44e591483ea5/Pin+Shipwrecks+wired+shot+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Wired musket shot - two balls joined by a copper wire that expanded on firing, causing greater injury on impact. These were unique finds when they were first discovered at this site in the 1970s but have since been paralleled at several other 17th century wrecks (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/41d85f26-7eb7-4592-969c-cafd521451ea/Pin+Wreck+musket+shot+splatter.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A number of musket balls were found deformed as if compacted against a solid surface, and in order to test that this had been caused by firing I replicated the process by firing modern lead balls from a 1799-dated East India ‘Brown Bess’ musket - with the result that you can see here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7abb5b57-83e9-4878-9c1d-53e6edb5b8ce/Pin+Shipwrecks+lead+ingot+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out One of two lead ingots weighing over 100 kg each that we have recorded on the wreck. Several ingots raised in the 1970s had stamps on them. These are likely to be of English origin, part of a cargo of lead captured during the Anglo-Dutch war, auctioned off in Amsterdam and acquired by a merchant who had his goods laden on the Santo Cristo di Castello (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/823aff64-bef6-4a3a-a821-31effbcf7612/Gibbins+Mullion+droit+15920+4+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A copper ingot (photo: David Gibbins). Its appearance and shape is original and not a result of seabed erosion. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ee72c24c-acb3-43ef-acec-769cef488b6b/Gibbins+Mullion+droit+15920+6+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Fragments of copper ingots. Documentary evidence for the lading of the ships shows that she was carrying large consignments of copper ingots and iron bars - the latter having mostly oxidised and caused much of the concretion that covers the wreck. The copper is currently undergoing analysis to determine its origins, which are likely to be Central Europe but could include Japan at this period (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b89e4fee-e811-472e-b843-0e5f6dae9d0f/Pin+Shipwrecks+pin+box+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The site gained the nickname ‘The Mullion Pin Wreck’ because of thousands of brass clothing pins found all over the site. You can see some here in front of my hand in the remains of a wooden box that once held them (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/492aa22b-61d7-4a97-9ea7-92034d8f7e0c/Gibbins+Mullion+droit+15920+9+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A selection of pins as they came off the seabed, many of them misshapen from having been in concretion (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/21e89588-78b5-42d5-802f-44dc70588408/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+pins+3+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The four main sizes of pin as well as several pinheads that had separated from the pins. They are most likely to have been made in Amsterdam (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a2bf37a1-2d54-42eb-88a1-4c88b9c8051b/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+spigots+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The wreck contained a large number of spigots and taps for barrels, probably carried as a trade consignment (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ec7a2472-a13a-401c-a12e-f5285e1be661/Pin+Wreck+salamander+1+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Close-up of one of the tap handles with an impressed salamander, a known maker’s mark from Amsterdam (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/480fe344-ab6a-409a-ba12-e727f48c4f74/Pin+Shipwrecks+bottle+tops+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Pewter bottle tops from the wreck - evidence that she may have been carrying a bottled trade commodity, possibly mercury (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4f3e2d72-30f9-4731-97e5-7f7f42fa231e/Gibbins+Mullion+droit+15920+2b+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The finds have included large quantities of scrap lead, probably carried as a trade consignment - along with lead ingots - but also for shipboard use (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/fdb90f02-3c6a-43e9-8e85-759d08c33465/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+IHS+1+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Fragment of a bronze grinding mortar with the letters IH, the first letters of the name Jesus - a rare find but paralleled elsewhere on several mortaria of this period (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e231ce71-1745-4c31-a5f2-ad55a6db65d7/Pin+shipwrecks+bird+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out A swan, probably an embellishment from a candelabra (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/dd9b7d12-e3e3-496e-b2a2-bb81a589762c/Mullion+Pin+Wreck+faces+compressed.jpg The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out Faces from the wreck - two copper-alloy ornaments from candelabras or similar items (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/8911f91b-abc7-4837-b9a3-56f2bf7ee75c/Pin+Rembrandt+Dalya+article+7124.JPG The Santo Cristo di Castello (1667) - Make it stand out The Daily Telegraph, 6 January 2024. For more on the Rembrandt connection, click here. http://davidgibbins.com/the-lost-rembrandts daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1704571175723-A8DDNF47UISKRDR3SNVJ/Pin+Rembrandt+Backhuysen+Ships+in+Distress+compressed.jpg The lost Rembrandts https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/52a503ad-a0a3-4e70-bc8c-bd85a32e896d/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/eb96c4bc-cd17-48f1-9e5c-50eb955be6ca/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/46d1be77-0ec4-47fe-b390-20b7537cfe35/Pin+Rembrandt+Sauli.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out The man who set the story in motion - Francesco Maria Sauli, pictured here towards the end of his life in 1698 by Gregorio de Ferrari (private collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/34740176-a39e-4762-b7ef-00af22dc6a39/Pin+Rembrandt+Benzi+and+Voet+compressed.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out A bill of lading from the two Genoese agents in Amsterdam responsible for the Rembrandt commission, Giovanni Battista Benzi and Giovanni Babriel Voet. This bill, never before published, is among the prize papers taken in 1667 from the Sacrificio d’Abramo, another richly-laden Genoese merchantman from Amsterdam that came to grief that year - not through shipwreck but as a result of being captured by English warships in the Irish sea while attempting to circumnavigate Britain. To my excitement, I discovered that her cargo included consignments split with the Santo Cristo di Castello, allowing me to build up a more detailed picture of the cargo being transported by Viviano alongside the paintings (photo: David Gibbins, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ed038135-5ce0-429e-a443-b1f07dd896d8/Pin+Rembrandt+Balthasar+Amsterdam.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Plan of Amsterdam by Balthasar in 1625, showing the ships in the harbour where the Santo Cristo di Castello would have anchored and in the upper right the area of the Rozengracht, the unfashionable street near the city walls to which Rembrandt moved in 1658 after his fortunes had waned. In keeping with Dutch cartographic convention at the time, the map is shown with south at the top. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c14a3dc9-4167-4be4-b467-e94def4a7361/Pin+Rembrandt+Rozengracht.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out A 19th century view in Amsterdam of the Rozengracht (Roses Canal), giving a good idea of its appearance at the time when Rembrandt lived here and Captain Viviano visited him while the two paintings were being completed in 1666-7. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d3701456-d9da-43e9-891b-9f0b7d87ca59/Pin+Rembrandt+Rubens+Mauritzhuis.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Modello by Rubens for his Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Antwerp Cathedral, shown in the next image. These two paintings give an excellent idea of the relationship between modelli and finished works. One difference is the size - the modello is just under a metre high, whereas the finished altarpiece is nearly five metres. It also shows that a modello could have great artistic merit in its own right (Mauritzhaus, The Hague). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b39456a0-3278-4bd4-aeec-663a7fa69e7a/Pin+Rembrandt+Rubens+Antwerp+lightened.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Rubens’ Assumption of the Virgin Mary (1626) in the Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0451b6ad-3c15-4586-939e-77f0bfe2dcb5/Pin+Rembrandt+Rubens+Assunta+exterior.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Front elevation of the Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta in Carignano by Rubens, showing its appearance in the early 17th century (Palazzi di Genova, 1622). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/cdff7b2e-916c-4b81-b650-e6778008b4d3/Pin+Rembrandt+Assunta+interior+2.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Interior of the Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta in Carignano showing the space in front of the two sculptures by Pierre Puget - the Blessed Alessandro Sauli and San Sebastiano, both completed in 1668 - where the altar was to have been placed. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2683dc1b-1f79-4837-b3ce-215177b7801c/Pin+Rembrandt+Assunta+plan+compressed.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Plan by Rubens of the Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta in Carignano, showing the central space beneath the dome where the altar with the Rembrants was to have been placed (Palazzi di Genova, 1622). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6c32a3a2-894b-424f-9613-0f657b902fae/Pin+Rembrandt+Puget+Sebastiano.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Detail of Pierre Puget’s San Sebastiano of 1668 in the Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta, Genoa - showing the exceptional quality of art that Sauli envisaged surrounding the Rembrandts. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b5521966-9a27-45de-b5e9-497cab104e04/Pin+Rembrandt+Puget+Assumption+compressed.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out We can only guess at what Rembrandt’s Assumption would have looked like - it may have had the standard iconographical elements of the scene in order to satisfy Roman Catholic taste in Italy, but with the characteristics of Rembrandt’s other late paintings. The possibilities are seen in this outstanding Assumption by Pierre Puget, thought to have been completed in 1665 and therefore only a year before Rembrandt’s commission by Sauli (Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Skulpturensammlung und Museum für Byzantinische Kunst / Antje Voigt). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/061dba30-c70e-47bd-8f4b-3a4056d524f0/Pin+Rembrandt+Backhuysen+Ships+in+Distress+compressed.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Rembrandt was no stranger to losses through shipwreck - in the late 1640s he may have invested in several shipping ventures that ended in wreck. But the loss of the Santo Cristo di Castello may have been a particular blow at a time when he was probably hoping to revive his fortunes by selling more paintings to wealthy patrons in Italy. This painting by Ludolf Backhuysen shows Dutch merchant ships being driven into a rocky coast very reminiscent of the wreck site off Cornwall. It was completed in 1667, the very year of the wreck (National Gallery of Art). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2f262583-1b6b-4ac1-9115-90da5cb3fe85/Rembrandt+Mullion+Kenwood+compressed+2.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out This self-portrait by Rembrandt may have been completed in 1668 or 1669, not long after the wreck. Much debate has focused on the meaning of the two empty circles behind him, including the idea that they may represent artistic perfection. To me they seem a cypher for Rembrandt’s two modelli, lost with the Santo Cristo di Castello but not forgotten. The painting has been at Kenwood House, north London, since 1927, part of the collection bequeathed to the nation by Edward Cecil Guinness, 1st Earl of Iveagh (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/49a2b6dc-e5ff-4590-894c-7cfb9ae630db/Rembrandt+Mullion+Kenwood+door+compressed.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Rembrandt’s Self-Portrait with Two Circles, displayed at Kenwood House as it might have been by an art collector in the 18th century (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6911bf2d-6a25-4d7a-8419-0e6cb1e2d6a6/Rembrandt+Mullion+Kenwood+ship+compressed.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out The Rembrandt at Kenwood House is hung next to a painting by the great Dutch marine artist Willem van de Velde the Younger showing a fleet at anchor, with ships similar in appearance to the Santo Cristo di Castello - the ship on which Rembrandt’s two paintings were laden in 1667 (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1b7c41de-b36b-430f-80fe-457c081d79bf/Pin+Rembrandt+Dalya+article+7124.JPG The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out The Daily Telegraph, 6 January 2024. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5c7a6358-7ec2-4c46-9166-d9170e8acd61/Rembrandt+Shipwrecks+Molly+Gibbins+and+cannon+1+modified+mh+res+compressed.jpg The lost Rembrandts - Make it stand out Click on this image to go to my page on the Santo Cristo di Castello, with many photos of the site and artefacts. http://davidgibbins.com/hms-terror-1848 daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1705927495012-RGGVSRVLFFOA79EC9JM5/Franklin+Terror+paintins+Smith.jpg HMS Terror (1848) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2c108f43-b2b3-4018-b9d9-535ea44eb704/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/75d0fd81-3f3e-4674-b811-6fcce3daf5b7/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b178770b-4e1b-4e33-827b-2e4dba570912/Terror+Darwin+barnacles+pl+6.JPG HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Plate VI from the second volume of Charles Darwin’s A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species (1854), showing specimens of Balanus porcatus (4a-4d) - the species provided for him by Sir John Richardson from Lancaster Sound while searching for the Franklin expedition. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0d365e41-9352-4051-bccb-60ae0154f1df/Terror+Franklin+memorial+back+view+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out The Franklin memorial in Westminster Abbey (photo: David Gibbins). The inscription on the sides reads: TO THE MEMORY OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN, BORN APRIL16. 1786, AT SPILSBY, LINCOLNSHIRE, DIED JUNE 11. 1847, OFF POINT VICTORY IN THE FROZEN OCEAN. THE BELOVED CHIEF OF THE GALLANT CREWS WHO PERISHED WITH HIM IN COMPLETING THE DISCOVERY OF THE NORTH-WEST PASSAGE. THIS MONUMENT WAS ERECTED BY JANE, HIS WIDOW, WHO, AFTER LONG WAITING, AND SENDING MANY IN SEARCH OF HIM, HERSELF DEPARTED, TO SEEK AND FIND HIM IN THE REALMS OF LIGHT, JULY 18. 1875, AGED 83 YEARS. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/dcf6756c-c581-4800-9847-bce50ee2db0c/Terror+Franklin+Westminster+Abbey+bust+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out The sculpture in white marble on the Franklin memorial would have been approved by Lady Franklin, who paid to have the memorial erected in 1875 shortly before her own death. By then, any hope of discovering survivors had long passed but expeditions continued to go to the Arctic to seek definitive evidence of the final days of Franklin and his men (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0d67ee69-72d1-4f6d-b83a-d8d40a6c9fb4/Terror+Franklin+Westminster+memorial+ship+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out The relief depiction of the ship on the Franklin memorial may be based on sketches made of HMS Terror when she was beset by ice near the Hudson Strait in 1837 (see below). The lines above and below are from the Benedicite, and the verse below - written specially for the memorial - is by Lord Tennyson, who married Franklin’s niece Emily (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f298fc45-bfb3-4908-bd49-2717a3c714ac/Terror+plan+2+coloured.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Plan of HMS Terror as converted for Arctic service in the 1830s, with green ink showing alterations for the Franklin expedition in 1845 including the addition of a screw propeller and reinforced steel at the bow for ice-breaking (ZAZ5672, © Crown copyright. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/879859cc-4daa-4799-b3d3-c469fb3b0909/Terror+McHenry+colourised+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out The earliest known representation of HMS Terror, as one of the British ships bombarding Fort McHenry near Baltimore during the War of 1812 (Library of Congress). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5077f3f6-7321-4f97-a8c5-21ceea1417e4/Terror+sketch.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Sketch by Lieutenant Owen Stanley of HMS Terror beset by ice to the east of Hudson Strait during Captain George Back’s expedition to Hudson Bay in 1836-7. This image, drawn on the spot, gives an idea of how HMS Terror may have looked a decade later when she was again caught in ice, off King William Island (PAF0265, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a4ad3544-12e8-47a8-a33e-b7bdfac9d666/Terror+Franklin+ice+closes+in.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out This image from Lieutenant Owen Stanley’s sketchbook shows HMS Terror on 15 March 1837 as ice pushed by the sea closed in on the ship, which only survived because of the strength of its build as a bomb vessel. This and a painting showing the same scene by the ship’s First Lieutenant, William Henry Smyth, may have been the inspiration for the ship depiction on the Franklin memorial in Westminster Abbey (PAF0268, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/8fd8f82b-41a3-4b81-8512-eac9186779fa/H12+Terror+two+ships+ILN+modified.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out ‘Departure of the “Erebus” and “Terror” on the Arctic expedition.’ Illustrated London News, 25 May 1845. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/48b3219b-84c1-4590-a4f3-9a98be352f10/Terror+Beechey+1+general+view.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out View in August 2004 of the four burials at Beechey Island - three from the Franklin expedition in 1846 and the fourth from one of the search expeditions. The three Franklin burial were exhumed in 1984 for analysis and then reburied. This image gives a good idea of the landscape experienced by Franklin and his men here and on King William Island (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9831666f-326d-4d97-a52a-e9df58e2b418/Terror+Beechey+Island+me+house+2004+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Photo of me examining a ruined building on Beechey Island with our ship MV Akademik Ioffe in the background, in much the same position as Terror and Erebus when they anchored here during the winter of 1845-6. The building post-dates the expedition, but a number of the artefacts strewn around - including barrel hoops and cans - are likely to be of 19th century date, including material from the Franklin expedition and the search parties (photo: Ann Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/47adc7ee-6e40-45de-a202-ef5cfd9de79f/Terror+Rope.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out A small relic showing that the search expeditions scoured the ground at the campsite at Beechey Island for worthwhile artefacts, leaving the tin cans and other metal fragments that remain today (AAA4274. On loan to the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, from the Hopton Hall Derbyshire Collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2861ab5f-e5cc-4b60-90f8-31b0450f6332/Terror+Inuit+knife.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out The search expeditions also bartered with the Inuit for tools that had been made from material salvaged from the Franklin expedition. This Inuit knife acquired in 1859 has a blade made from steel marked with a broad arrow, indicating British government ownership (AAA2104, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/30a8e4c9-229a-4836-920d-5af831dc7d56/Terror+Franklin+dag+Fairholme.JPG HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Daguerreotype taken shortly before the Franklin expedition set out from England of Lieutenant James Walter Fairholme, whose letters to his father from the expedition’s final point of contact with the outside world off Greenland reveal a lively intellect and interest in the ships’ library. He is shown with the epaulettes of a Commander as he was wearing the jacket of the ship’s commanding officer, Commander (later Captain) Fitzjames, to save him fetching his own - causing him to joke with his father that Lady Franklin said it made him look too old, but that it would serve him well when he really was promoted. Two of the most remarkable finds in the Parks Canada investigation of Erebus in 2019 are a pair of Lieutenant’s epaulettes in a cabin identified as Fairholme’s (shown here at the Parks Canada website). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6a697dd9-6596-4ae8-865d-06ac6cefb3e3/Terror+Fairholme+spoon.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out A spoon bartered with the Inuit on or near King William Island in 1859 bearing the family crest of Lieutenant Fairholme, including the motto Spero Meliora - ‘I hope for better things’. A number of other artefacts were named to individual officers, including Franklin (AAA2481, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a5a3e882-8384-40ec-89bd-930a1dc4d259/Terror+Vicar+of+Wakefield+modified.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out An edition of The Vicar of Wakefield by Oliver Goldsmith, found in the boat on King William Island by the McClintock expedition in 1859 (AAA2154, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b4faa81b-617c-466b-b1e6-57df8d54198f/Terror+Student%27s+Manual+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Two leaves of a book acquired from the Inuit in 1854, and said by them to have come from a camp near the mouth of the Back River on the mainland south of King William Island where the final group of expedition survivors died of starvation. It was folded in such a way that the lines in the middle of the second leaf paraphrasing the Book of Isaiah stood out: ‘Are you not afraid to die? … Fear not; when thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee …’ (AAA2055, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, Greenwich Hospital Collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1a13acc2-7c82-4c72-b383-3d5c2a09b05c/Terror+book+Private+Devotion+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out The note attached to this book explains its history and how it was found in 1859 next to the bodies in the ship’s boat on King William Island (AAA2199, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, Greenwich Hospital Collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ba6fe538-46e5-4806-8bec-f1e528f840fa/Terror+gun.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out One of two double-barreled percussion shotguns found in 1859 by the McClintock search expedition leaning against the ship’s boat on King William Island (AAA2532, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1d487292-c32e-4cde-8e13-24429d3455be/Franklin+Victory+Point+Note+2+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out The final message from the Franklin expedition, deposited in a metal canister at Victory Point on King William Island by Lieutenant G.M. Gore on 28 May 1847, and then added to on 26 April 1848 by Captains Crozier and Fitzjames after they had abandoned Terror and Erebus in the ice. Franklin was still alive at the time of the first message, but he had died by the time of the second along with 24 other men (HSR/C/9/1, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/46019664-6847-4e8e-8469-1d375953a8ac/Terror+ILN+improved+1854+coloured+compressed.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Page from the Illustrated London News of 4 November 1854 showing relics from the Franklin expedition, many of which survive in the National Maritime Museum. All of these were collected on King William Island and nearby by the search expeditions or acquired from the local Inuit. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/303bcda5-7ae2-4327-8c43-b9e23b629926/Franklin+Terror+paintins+Smith.jpg HMS Terror (1848) - Make it stand out Painting by William Thomas Smith entitled ‘They forged the last link with their lives: HMS Erebus and Terror, 1849-50’, exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1895 on the 50th anniversary of the departure of the Franklin expedition. The image of the boat with the dying men is based on the find of the boat with human remains by Francis Leopold McClintock during his search expedition in 1849. it was known from the message in the cairn that Franklin was already dead by that point, so the men in the boat are portrayed as anonymous by the painter. ‘The last link’ refers to the idea promulgated by Lady Franklin that the expedition had indeed found the North-West Passage (BHC1273, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London). http://davidgibbins.com/ss-gairsoppa-1941 daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1706228243502-4TI2VEOCXT3SBKJHJE4U/H12+Gairsoppa+Caerthillian+cove+small.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7dbaf6f1-199c-4d49-91b1-2e4a2873e335/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1c31180b-d27b-4462-8f3f-b7687bb80a6e/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/89d52bed-4823-413e-80e4-73fc42064549/Gairsoppa+ship+image+compressed.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out The only known photo of the Gairsoppa, taken between the wars in her peacetime paint scheme including the distinctive striped funnel of British India Co. She was built in 1919, had a gross tonnage of 5,257 and was driven by a single screw powered by a triple-expansion steam engine. For her final voyage, she had a crew of 84 - made up of British officers and Indian ‘Lascar’ ratings - and two D.E.M.S. (Defensively Equipped Merchant Ship) gunners. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2f64d8e1-9122-4c68-9994-f75f39cc34ae/Gairsoppa+Hyland+Master.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out The ‘Master’s Ticket’ of Gerald Hyland, Captain of the Gairsoppa at the time of her sinking. He was aged 40 and is listed on panel 51 of the Merchant Navy Memorial to the missing at Tower Hill in London along with the other 10 British members of crew; the Indian men are commemorated in memorial books in Chittagong and Bombay, the one Chinese man on the Hong Kong Memorial to Chinese merchant seamen and the Royal Marines gunner on the Chatham Naval Memorial. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/53c8843a-b287-4eac-9c69-a2bdce7562dc/Gairsoppa+Lascar+crew+1+compressed.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out The Indian (Lascar) deck crew on the Gairsoppa’s final voyage, including the Serang and Tindal - equivalent to Bosun and Bosun’s Mate - and showing their origin, many from the island of Sandwip near Chittagong in present-day Bangladesh (BT 381/1361, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6125434f-aa1b-486b-a571-ec35b1b32884/Gairsoppa+convoy+sailing+order+compressed.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out The convoy sailing order for SL 64 from Sierra Leone in February 1941, showing the Gairsoppa in second position in the second column from the left. Many of these ships did not survive the war (ADM 199/1943, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a2a467ec-bbb1-4808-9e46-580171126a39/Gairsoppa+convoy+commodore+report+1+compressed.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out The last-ever reference to the Gairsoppa in the convoy commodore’s report, showing that she was not the only ship to detach from the convoy and disappear over those days (ADM 199/1943, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/17f80f31-64be-4017-a05e-2476d5499f8c/H12+Gairsoppa+U101+log+map.JPG SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Chart from the war diary of U-101 showing the patrol in which it sank the Gairsoppa, with the position in in the centre (‘Dampfer’ means steamer). The line of 50 Degrees North closely represents the course of Ayres and the boat towards Cornwall (Bundesarchiv-Abt Militärarchiv, Freiburg). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2fdf3b7c-14e1-4821-8317-c24054b1b21d/Gairsoppa+Brian+Richards.JPG SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Photo taken for the press at the time of two of the girls and Coastguard Brian Richards pointing towards the site at Caerthillian Cove where Richard Ayres was rescued. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7b516cb9-e419-470d-b8ee-b4ec2ab66c28/H12+Gairsoppa+R+Eurich+painting+May+1942.JPG SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Painting by Richard Eurich of the scene in Caerthillian Cove on 1 March 1941, entitled ‘Rescue of the Only Survivor of a Torpedoed Merchant Ship.’ Eurich was an official war artist, and showed the painting during a press event in London on 28 May 1942 when he wrote that it attracted ‘a good deal of attention’ (as I show in my chapter, the story of Richard Ayres’ survival was widely covered in the press both immediately after the event and when he was awarded the M.B.E.). Eurich had either been to the cove or was working from a photograph, as it is accurately shown though with the boat and men larger than they would be in real life (Leeds Art Gallery, Leeds, Yorkshire). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/60c2749e-46a0-4000-8a49-5ac4e09d0509/H12+Gairsoppa+Caerthillian+cove+small.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Caerthillian Cove, where Ayres’ boat upturned and he was rescued. The photo with the girls shows them on the far headland looking in this direction, and the painting by Eurich also was a view from the opposite side of the cove. The view in this photo is almost due south, towards the end of Lizard Peninsula about half a mile away; the boat had come in off the Atlantic from the west (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/bd4d5a4d-86a4-4b78-aece-153cf5a193ad/H12+Gairsoppa+photos+7+Ayres.JPG SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Richard Hamilton Ayres, Second Officer of the Gairsoppa at the time that she was sunk. Born in 1910, the son of a merchant captain, he joined the school ship HMS Worcester aged 15 as a Royal Naval Reserve Cadet before going to sea as a deck officer with British India Co. Following his rescue, in his own words, ‘after 9 months on 100% disability pension I returned to sea with the B. I., and later R.N.R., and after the war was offered a job as a cargo superintendent in India and later Malaya.’ As well as the M.B.E. he was awarded the Lloyds War Medal for Bravery at Sea. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0bc82cd6-f5c0-4bf4-bc7f-5d7f4c88f9bc/Gairsoppa+Ayres+award+approval+compressed.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Approval of Ayres’ award (ADM 1/11456, The National Archives). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a16bc599-d3c8-466e-a146-01e7ddc97817/Gairsoppa+Indian+grave+compressed.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out This and the following two headstones in Landewednack churchyard mark the burials of men who were in the boat with Ayres but did not survive after it capsized. This stone represents one or possibly two Indian sailors whose names were not known at the time of the burial. In a letter written in 1990, Ayres wrote "Whilst I was in Helston Cottage Hospital, I was interviewed by someone in authority to establish the identities of the bodies that were recovered, both Asian and European, but as I was incapable of walking this was not possible and they were buried after I had given my descriptions. The Asians, who were Mohammedans, were buried at my request in accordance with their religious rites, i.e. east-west facing Mecca.’ The record of these burials can be seen at the Commonwealth War Grave Commission website (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6650afaf-f49e-4cc6-a322-3684b7b61a54/Gairsoppa+Thomas+grave+compressed.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out The grave of Norman Thomas, Seaman Gunner, whose parents decided to keep their stone rather than have it replaced by a Commonwealth War Graves one after the war (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/01ca2659-9759-44c1-a35e-e316fa863c23/Gairsoppa+Hampshire+grave+compressed.jpg SS Gairsoppa (1941) - Make it stand out Richard Hampshire’s grave at Landewednack. The dates given, from the date of the sinking of the Gairsoppa to the date of the recovery of his body, allow for uncertainty over the actual date of his death, but Ayres’ account makes it clear that Hampshire was still alive when the boat upturned in Caerthillian Cove on 1 March (photo: David Gibbins). http://davidgibbins.com/diving-in-canada daily 0.75 2024-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1706385166289-LJ6O0UE6Y4O3GP6WSW75/David+Gibbins+under+ice+2+medium+res+smart+fixed+adjusted.jpg Diving in Canada https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/03da4066-b329-4001-9f0a-45ec205ba5c0/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg Diving in Canada - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2f4434c7-3381-4c4d-ba99-fd515ce140df/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg Diving in Canada - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/901de540-ef77-4ebb-afce-5b5d9655c12a/David+Gibbins+under+ice+1+medium+res.jpg Diving in Canada - Make it stand out David Gibbins under ice at Tobermory (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/dd2d6f01-0696-4b30-a445-fdb5fd25bc5a/David+Gibbins+under+ice+2+medium+res+smart+fixed.jpg Diving in Canada - Make it stand out David Gibbins under ice at Tobermory (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/cf0784f4-a94c-4dc6-a8a9-fdb596c9c51c/Facebook+Tobermory+anchor+darkened+compressed+2017.jpg Diving in Canada - Make it stand out David Gibbins with anchor at Tobermory (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/54cfd971-d5c1-49fc-9668-d81fbfa26a5b/Tobe17+2+j.jpg Diving in Canada - Make it stand out David and Molly Gibbins on the wreck of the Sweepstakes, Tobermory (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2b6de1ad-f6b9-4f50-915b-fb535df7aaa6/Tobe+17+3+j.jpg Diving in Canada - Make it stand out David and Molly Gibbins in a cave, Tobermory (photo: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9287fde8-f54e-49c3-af6f-71b476920f09/Wreckwatch+Frozen+cover+1.jpg Diving in Canada - Make it stand out Click here to read this article in Wreckwatch magazine for 2023. http://davidgibbins.com/the-royal-anne-galley-1721 daily 0.75 2024-02-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1706439630500-011VXDYYACIDXK6V59JL/Gibbins+Shipwrecks+photos+high+res+19bis+Royal+Anne+surface+view+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1204646f-9b6d-4175-9f2d-a195e86e4bea/A+History+of+the+World+in+Twelve+Shipwrecks+UK+cover+low+res.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/aee0a162-b2b2-4547-8cc4-0640dbdeb755/A+History+of+the+World+in+12+Shipwrecks+US+cover+low+res.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/662803c9-46a4-42a9-b712-061a9376e522/Royal+Anne+woodcut+brown+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Woodcut from the broadside ‘The Unhappy Voyage. Giving an account of the Royal Anne Galley, Captain Willis Commander …’, quoted in my book. The broadside was published in late 1721 or early 1722, soon after the wrecking, and the scene may have been based on the accounts of the three survivors - it shows, to the left, Man O’War rock, and to the right the cliffs of Lizard Head, with the ship in three stages of destruction in between as it is is pushed further on to the rocks. This is the only known depiction of the Royal Anne Galley, and shows her accurately with a single gundeck and the correct rigging (a partial copy in the British Library is reproduced in the English Broadside Ballad Archive). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/99425718-aded-42cd-847b-20abe29b818c/Lizard+point+storm+18222+RAG+2b+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out The same setting as shown in the woodcut during a storm in February 2022, with Man O’War rock to the left and Lizard Head to the right, and the viewpoint south-west towards the open Atlantic - the route that the Royal Anne Galley would have taken towards Barbados had she not been blown into these rocks. The waves crashing over the rocks are more than 10 metres high (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/59325943-eba7-40ef-8ed6-cadd711bc6ab/Royal+Anne+watch+gold+filled+roundel+1+compressed+golder.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Gold dial for a pocket watch, with one of three beautifully engraved maker’s roundels found in the wreck. The maker of this one, David Hubert, was a Huguenot refugee from a family of clockmakers in Rouen, one of thousands of Protestants who had fled France following the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. Dial diameter 3.8 cm (photo © David Gibbins) . https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5211b47d-d553-43ab-9fb0-d9da1f5e0cdb/Royal+Anne+gold+chains+2+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Lengths of braided gold wire from the wreck, possibly chains for pocket watches. The longest is 12 cm (photo © David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b99bdb1b-b490-4937-9fd9-f0bf4c4129b1/RA+gold+coin+3+composite+compressed+golder+more+compressed+golder.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out One of the Portuguese gold 4000 reis coins from the wreck, minted in Portugal (in this case) or Brazil. These were known as moidores, from the Portuguese moeda d’ouro, meaning gold coin, and they circulated widely in England at the time of the wreck. They were made from gold that had been discovered in large quantities in Brazil from the late 17th century (photo © David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/815de300-2b4f-477a-bdfe-86249174f864/Royal+Anne+Galley+3+coins+best.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Three of the Portuguese gold moidores from the wreck (photo © David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c99b48ae-fd15-4a20-9bc6-2e28f02725c9/RAG+rings+bigger+golder.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Three gold mourning rings from the wreck, each inscribed with the name of the person being commemorated. The one on the right is to Daniel Williams, Doctor of Divinity (you can see the post-nominal letters ‘D.D.’), a prominent non-Conformist theologian whose library survives in London (photo © David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e792173e-d277-4316-bc36-ec109c768d43/Gibbins+Wreckwatch+Royal+Anne+gun+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out One of the ship’s guns, photographed when I first saw the wreck in April 2021 after the winter storms had swept away the thick growth of kelp that normally covers the site (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/c11f9f17-cd38-43ba-a0c8-053b640f9d65/Royal+Anne+2622+cannon+shot+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out 6-pound and 9-pound cannonballs concreted into the seabed at the site, along with lead musket shot (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5f7e26c6-1c51-47d2-8539-70f25f8e3091/Royal+Anne+1622+Ben+underwater+3+modified+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Ben Dunstan on the site, showing the difficult conditions for exploration caused by the kelp that grows thickly over the wreck from spring onwards (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2a4ef2ae-41fc-4b18-9116-6f8be2871102/Royal+Anne+16722+seal+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out The wreck site has a resident population of grey seals, who are present during many of our dives off the Lizard peninsula (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/bd8dad39-8be3-4863-9fc3-36228743458c/Royal+Anne+crest+knife+big.JPG The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out A silver knife handle from the wreck bearing the crest and motto of Lord Belhaven - one of the finds that secured the identification of the wreck as the Royal Anne Galley. Four other items of silver cutlery were found bearing the same crest and motto (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/85da3de7-be35-45cb-9528-99de3b765b6a/Royal+Anne+Belhaven+book+plate+modified.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Bookplate of John Hamilton, Lord Belhaven, probably the 3rd Lord, with the same motto as the one on the knife and other cutlery from the Royal Anne Galley. Very few objects or documents associated with the 3rd Lord have survived, probably because he would have been transporting a large part of his personal belongings with him to Barbados and they were lost in the wreck (private collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/13a29944-3356-4e74-bdbf-d3a4ed6a828d/Royal+Anne+Belhaven+portrait+William+Aikman+bigger.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out A portrait of John Hamilton, Lord Belhaven, probably the 3rd Lord, thought to be by the Scottish portrait painter William Aikman and known only from this black and white reproduction. Several portraits exist of the 2nd Lord, including one in the National Portrait Gallery (private collection). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/bcc99ed4-b61a-40e0-b613-ba0497c09cd6/Gibbins+Wreckwatch+Royal+Anne+Galley+Pendulum+medium.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out The heavy pendulum of a longcase (grandfather) clock, one of a number of items unparalleled in other wrecks and possibly the belongings of Lord Belhaven or another passenger. Other finds included parts of what might be the copper alloy dial face of the same clock. The pendulum is of lead sheathed in a copper alloy outer surface. Diameter 8 cm (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/aed96624-175a-48d1-b672-5ff395d5c818/Royal+Anne+tap+2+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out A heavy copper alloy tap, with lead sheathing for the pipe still attached, from one of the ship’s cooking cauldrons. For more on this artefact, found by us in 2022, see the blog below. Scale 25 cm (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ce94b4ef-bfa5-4f3d-8c34-1fdcb53d094f/Royal+Anne+dividers.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Copper alloy nautical dividers, missing the iron tips. The inside of one arm bore the letters JD, very possibly John DeGrusty, the ship’s Sailing Master (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/45d66dcb-bc2e-4098-ade3-056283ac7a20/Royal+Anne+candle+snuffer+larger.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Not a pair of scissors but a candle-snuffer, possibly also the belongings of a passenger rather than shipboard equipment (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/52acbee9-4f3b-4cba-b7cf-938dd05f11ea/Royal+Anne+glass+2+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out The upturned stems of three heavy wine glasses characteristic of the period, all worn by exposure. These and other wine glasses and decanters found in fragments at the site could have been used by the ship’s officers, but are also consistent with the high status passengers on board (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/9a540478-1e48-418d-a71a-4ede95b07788/Royal+Anne+glass+1+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out As well as fine table glass, the wreck included fragments of wine bottles such as this one in thick green glass (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d7ff90d8-302e-4c8a-a0d0-0bea0cfa33d9/Royal+Anne+crew+list+1721.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out The first page of the final Royal Anne Galley crew list, showing the Captain, Francis Willis, and a mixed group of men including the sailmaker, the master’s mate, a trumpeter, the 2nd Lieutenant, a midshipman and ordinary and able seamen. Poignantly, Joseph Weld, the 2nd Lieutenant, is shown alongside his son Lawrence (called by his other name John by his mother in later correspondence), an ordinary seaman (i.e. with only one to two years’ service), whose deaths caused Joseph’s wife Eunice to make an unsuccessful plea to the Admiralty for compensation (ADM 39/2273, The National Archives) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/dff347cb-b5a2-4d35-b507-614c43d05ff6/Wreckwatch+2023+issue+Royal+Anne+Galley.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Click here to read an article in Wreckwatch magazine on early salvage diving at the site in the 18th century. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1546f388-ce21-4987-9322-5f657ff4a268/Express+Shipwrecks+1+compressed.jpg The Royal Anne Galley (1721) - Make it stand out Click here to read a pdf of this article by me on the Royal Anne Galley in the Daily Express on 7 February 2024. http://davidgibbins.com/atlantis-legacy daily 0.75 2024-11-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1708334471868-M0AG0FAHK9TWZGZ7MW09/AL+Alan+Minch+compressed.JPG Atlantis Legacy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d8840317-6658-4641-ac30-7f8f515c6613/Atlantis+Legacy+4.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/fa228ea2-c916-4d31-970d-ee47c7c9e461/L%27Heritage+d%27Atlantis+pocket+edition+2024.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6cfa60d0-44a1-4982-856b-ad294dd585f1/Atlantis+Legacy+banner+1.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2b6e0d07-7d5d-4299-a080-c2b54422ace0/amazon+uk+logo.jpeg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Click to order Atlantis Legacy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4817c720-7f67-4558-a814-b197c06b1e05/amazon+com+logo.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Click to order Atlantis Legacy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f7b47174-dbd3-457e-b101-549ae9536135/Amazon+fr+3.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Click to order L’Héritage d’Atlantis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/02bd2219-9718-4745-887b-048fbfea3a90/Atlantis+Legacy+Wreckwatch+review+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Review of Atlantis Legacy in Wreckwatch Magazine. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d5c16836-6ef1-40c6-ac68-fbbc919e57b8/AL+Atlantis+Symbil.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out The ‘Atlantis symbol’ - an actual symbol on the Phaestos Disc, a pottery disk with many undeciphered symbols found in the Minoan palace of Phaestos in Crete and thought to date from the Bronze Age, though it may be earlier (artwork: Alan Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/edbca029-7399-42a2-9189-ac28249b9a24/Pin+Molly+18721+5+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Click on this image to read more about of the Santo Cristo di Castello, the wreck that Jack dives on in the novel. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3a261aae-d1fd-43b2-8b38-bbbcd2b46125/Rembrandt+Shipwrecks+Corpus+Christ+and+angel+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Click on this image to read more about the real-life discovery of the Corpus Christi figure. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6eb4c986-38da-40cc-9a52-0b580c7bb44c/AL+Kircher+Atlantis+1+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Athanasius Kircher’s map of Atlantis from Mundus Subterraneus (1665), based on ‘Egyptian sources and Plato’s description.’ As was a Dutch cartographic convention at the time, the view is looking south - with Europe and Africa to the left and the Americas to the right. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ebc82332-54ad-4b7c-bebf-3a21e73dcd4e/AL+Kircher+Atlantis+2.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Another map showing Atlantis in a work by Athanasius Kircher, his Arca Noë, in tres libros digesta, quorum I. De rebus quæ ante diluvium, II. De iis, quæ ipso diluvio ejusque duratione, III. De iis, quæ post diluvium a Noëmo gesta sunt, quæ omnia novâ methodo, nec non summa argumentorum varietate, explicantur, et demonstrantur. This map, published in 1675, shows a smaller Atlantis - though still implausibly large - closer to the Americas than his earlier, more detailed map of 1665. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/0794fcb5-60d6-4e92-a5b1-26c171c594ed/AL+kayak+2+Stromboli+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out In the novel, Jack goes in his inflatable kayak from Mullion harbour to the wreck of the Santo Cristo di Castello - the Mullion Pin Wreck - off the west coast of the Lizard Peninsula in Cornwall. This shows me doing exactly the same, in conditions of exceptional calm and underwater visibility during the summer (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/eccb0749-8e29-4c3c-8d35-aeac08fbc86b/AL+Pin+Wreck+kayak+1+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out My kayak and rig ready to be put on for a dive to the Mullion ‘Pin Wreck’, just as Jack does in the novel (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/46deda97-bf54-4850-a66c-6088f2131f59/AL+Gunwalloe+Church.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out The Church of St Winwaloe, the ‘Church of the Storms’, at Gunwalloe on the west side of the Lizard Peninsula in Cornwall, nestled behind the promontory between Church Cove and the cove of Jangye-ryn. Most of the present building dates from the 15th century but a church has been here since as early as the 5th century. It is here that Jack meets members of an ancient brethren to be let into the tower to be shown a remarkable secret (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/a74c51bc-1cc6-4a1f-be1f-87e267fbfca0/AL+Rood+screen+1.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out One of two sets of paintings in Gunwalloe church on panels that were once part of the rood screen, probably dating to the 16th century. In my novel Jack is able to confirm a long-held belief that these were Portuguese and salvaged from the nearby wreck of the St Anthony, a richly laden ship that sank in 1527 (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6272b01c-98b5-455b-9a87-cf69c7a91ac5/Gunwalloe+rainbow+2+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out Another view of the church at Gunwalloe, showing the tower built into the side of the headland - a promontory fort in Iron Age times but with at least one barrow of the Bronze Age on top as well (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/f395152b-b614-41fd-aa64-d0b56056d63a/Gunwalloe+tower+interior+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out The interior of the tower at the church at Gunwalloe, showing where the medieval masonry abuts the bedrock - with pick marks visible on the rock. It is possible that this rock-cut chamber is the site of the original monastic cell thought to have been here from the 5th century. In my novel Jack is led into fictional space beyond this rock wall (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5d81e7ab-0330-4faa-a058-37382ac2c43a/AL+Botallack+engine+house+1+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out The engine house of West Wheal Owles, part of the extensive mine ‘sett’ at Botallack on the west coast of Cornwall. This was the main inspiration for the fictional mine in my novel and was also one of the locations used in filming the BBC drama Poldark (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4ae0c386-91f9-435d-9448-5dfe8299e468/AL+mine+8+view+1.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out A view looking north of the Botallack mine, showing West Wheal Oates to the right and other mine workings (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/e2b8c6ce-9bef-4da3-beec-82969ff6e6bd/AL+mine+7+view+2+shaft.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out The pumping shaft in front of West Wheal Oates. The shafts dropped over 200 fathoms - 600 feet - and the levels extended more than half a mile out under the sea, including inclining shafts such as the one I describe in my novel. West Wheal Owles was the scene of a disaster in 1893 when the mine flooded and 19 men were drowned; their bodies were never recovered (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/5869c4fd-9899-4c8f-8fed-8471eecf1ed6/Al+Botallack+adit+2+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out A level of the mine at Botallack, showing the walls cut by the miners as they chased the lode of tin-bearing ore (photo: David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/db45a1e1-863b-48cb-970d-d7700207ee75/AL+Bembine+Tablet+compressed.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out The Bembine Tablet, as recorded by Athanasias Kircher and published in his Oedipus Aegyptiacus (1656). Thought by many scholars to be a Roman creation based on Egyptian imagery, it was acquired by Cardinal Bembo after the sack of Rome in 1527 by soldiers of the Holy Roman Empire and is today in the Egypt Museum in Turin. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b954b29d-0245-4d59-aef4-935a1746f429/Al+Battlefield+Palette.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out The ‘Battlefield Palette’ - the lower part in the British Museum and the upper a cast of a fragment in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Dating from the 4th millennium BC and showing scenes of the aftermath of battle, it is one of the oldest works of art from Egypt and is the basis for the fictional fragments found near Lake Bardawil in my novel. Width 28.7 cm (EA20791, © The Trustees of the British Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ab6213f7-2814-4711-8069-fef6c81dd947/AL+Pitt-Rivers+knife.jpg Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out The ‘Pitt-Rivers Knife’, one of a number of beautifully flaked flint knifes from 4th millennium BC Egypt. Could they have been used for embalming or an early form of mummification, as I suggest in my novel? (EA68515, © The Trustees of the British Museum). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/452b261d-a509-4ffb-b346-1ee324dc1f7a/AL+Bardawil+mounted+riflemem.JPG Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out New Zealand Mounted Riflemen on the salt pans of Sabkahat Bardawil, Egypt, 1916 (Powles family :Photographs. Ref: 1/2-178616-F. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand. /records/22913335). The photo is thought to have been taken by Lieutenant Colonel C.G. Powles, whose book The History of the Canterbury Mounted Rifles 1914-1919 gave me the idea of locating a site from early prehistory beside the lake where the New Zealand soldiers had dug a canal to the sea in May 1916. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/aed3889d-5474-46a6-9a89-43d4134dc494/AL+Alan+Minch+compressed.JPG Atlantis Legacy - Make it stand out My brother Alan created the cover image for the novel from this photo I took of him on the Charles P. Minch, a schooner sunk in 1898 near Tobermory on Lake Huron and one of our favourite dive sites (photo: David Gibbins). http://davidgibbins.com/historical-novels daily 0.75 2024-02-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1708765394556-ATW0TD68RFF9SXU4FQ2L/Sword+of+Attila+cover+art+banner.jpeg Historical novels https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/12513dec-f0d2-48df-871c-6f3970c47bfa/Total+War+Rome+half+jacket.jpg Historical novels - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/3078d77a-c9fb-4bc0-861b-e27e0783e8fc/Total+War+Rome+right+jacket.jpg Historical novels - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/948a7c06-9319-4e8f-a611-736613e3f579/Sword+of+Attila+cover+high+res.jpg Historical novels - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/72c7b709-eda7-4c40-8383-c892880d9634/Attila+Sword+poster+jpeg.jpg Historical novels - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. http://davidgibbins.com/the-boyne-1873 daily 0.75 2024-09-04 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1725291921233-N1S73CQZOQ0AFZ8QEPO4/Boyne+Ben+Gully+18523+4+GIMP+DSCF6037+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/61b84e9b-76af-4074-a1a5-8e97c4843ae3/Boyne+Ben+chronometer+1.jpeg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out A nautical chronometer with its wooden box discovered by Ben Dunstan on the Boyne during our first dive together on the site in 2020 - one of the most remarkable finds ever made from a shipwreck off Cornwall. Click to enlarge and see below for more images. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4997610f-7955-47fc-8c19-0b0c119b5142/Boyne+heavy+seas+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Heavy seas over Meres Ledges, site of the wreck of the Boyne. This was the place on Angrouse Cliffs where the coast guard would have attempted to use the rocket-fired line to rescue men clinging to the forward part of the ship on the rocks some 20 metres below. There is no way of climbing the cliffs at this point and the great difficulty for the Mullion lifeboatmen in laying their boat alongside the wreck can be imagined. The four survivors were not rescued from the wreckage but had set out in the ship’s jolly boat after the captain had ordered the boats lowered immediately after she had struck.. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/cef3c6ad-fe9f-4e14-ad6a-931e7a93676e/Boyne+Bell+shadow+view.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out The ship’s bell, with the words Boyne and Scarborough clearly visible. This was recovered by a local man from the rocks of Meres Ledges on a spring low a number of years ago. We are very grateful to him for bringing this find to our attention and allowing us to photograph it. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/b690246c-85ed-4cad-a64b-52ce70b4771f/Boyne+brass+name+plate+edited.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out A brass nameplate from the Boyne recovered in 1969, naming her port of registry as Scarborough. Maximum width 45 cm (photo courtesy Dave McBride). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/be2edb32-8e24-47a7-aea1-fb0936e4b865/Boyne+letter+Steve+Santini+collection+edited.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out The first page of a letter from Harland & Wolff of Belfast to W.H. Tindall on 17 January 1866, noting the ‘long list of Extras’ requested by Tindall, the bill of £28 14s and the fact that they were unable to acquire ‘the 4 square water tanks, and the two Carronades.’ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/337182d5-bb37-4e52-bc52-8fa4e9c9399e/Boyne+Palestine+edited+large.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out This image of the iron barque the Palestine is in the National Maritime Museum (G2307) and the A.D. Edwardes Collection of ship photos held in the State Library of South Australia. It shows the ship moored probably off Gravesend in about 1875. She can be regarded as a sister-ship of the Boyne - they were both built at Harland & Wolff in Belfast for W.H. Tindall of Scarborough, the Palestine being launched in 1863 and the Boyne in 1865. One of the letters noted above from Harland & Wolff to Tindall in 1865 outlined the differences between the two ships. They were slight - the survey reports held in the National Maritime Museum show that the Palestine was 607.81 gross tons with a length aloft of 184 feet 3 inches and an extreme breadth of 27 feet six inches, while the Boyne was 617.48 tons, 185 feet 8 inches length aloft and 28 feet one inch extreme breadth. With the surveys showing that the rigging and hull construction were virtually identical, this photo therefore gives an excellent idea of the appearance of the Boyne as well. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d0af4296-c765-4fd2-a6e0-a60023e33405/Boyne+plan+image+2.JPG The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out This plan of the Boyne is only available as a very low-resolution copy made several years ago from an auction catalogue, and sent to us. It is on waxed paper stamped by Harland & Wolff and was auctioned along with contemporary letters and other documents related to the Boyne, as described above. If anyone seeing this knows the whereabouts of the original, we would love to hear from you! Even from this image it is possible to see the very close similarity with the photo of the Palestine in the image above. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/abab675d-64d7-445e-b3cf-5a67f6e720dd/Boyne+knee.JPG The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out This watercolour of an iron knee with deck planking is a detail from the 1871 survey report on the Boyne, held by the Lloyd’s Register Foundation. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/8d2b7b5c-155c-44ea-91b5-b121c32df073/Boyne+London+and+China+Telegraph+7+12+65.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out An advertisement for the maiden voyage of the Bone in early 1866 from London to Ceylon, where Tindall owned tea plantations. The description of this ‘splendid vessel’ with ‘full poop and accommodation of the first order’ is consistent with the quality of the fittings and artefacts found in the wreck (London and China Telegraph, 7 December 1865). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d9d2deff-69a4-4c1e-ba5b-45af8ed0b119/Boyne+Ben+visibility+1+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out A view of the southern, outer part of the site in conditions of excellent visibility, showing the entrance to Gully B in the right foreground and Ben examining Gully C beyond that. There are no large structural remains visible from the surface or areas of flattened plating as are often seen on iron wrecks in high energy environments, with most of the ship structure at this site evidently having been dispersed, corroded away or salvaged at the time. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/6749099c-dc90-4474-852c-998d33bd4f30/Boyne+Molly+girders+15923+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Iron girders and other elements wedged beneath a rocky overhand, along with a resident lobster. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/05ce8379-10af-4cfe-a3ce-49b5b853b284/Boyne+Gully+M+bar+DSCF7044+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out An iron bar, perhaps ballast, adhering to a rock in Gully C, a deep pit in the reef filled with rock and shingle with other artefacts beneath. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/ed324cb8-46ab-4101-81c1-450439d7a302/Boyne+Gully+2+22424+DSCF7032+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Gully D, the most southerly on the site, showing the appearance of ironwork on the site with little recognisable form remaining and the iron embedded in concretion caused by its decay. The gully is approximately three metres long. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/26109ae4-0f3d-4d83-b365-55a0e02efe46/Boyne+concretion+metal+1+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Concreted iron and a copper pipe in Gully A. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/d8514fae-9343-42bc-a1a3-397bed094ea5/Boyne+Molly+gimp+18721+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Molly Gibbins in Gully A facing towards shore, showing the mass of rock-hard ferrous concretion that fills the floor of the gully. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/1f6a8354-2a94-42d9-a068-242522feab23/Boyne+gully+A+17824+gimped+DSCF7303+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Concreted iron in Gully A. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/7e76f5b2-f0cf-4237-9564-ee609caea0d8/Boyne+Ben+31520+3+edited+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Gully B as seen for the first time by us in June 2020, with brass artefacts protruding from the sand. These proved to be parts of light fittings, as described among the ‘extras’ provided by Harland & Wolff for the ship in 1865 (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/812a29bb-ea41-4d4e-acb4-7691d09527e8/Boyne+Ben+31520+2+telescope+in+situ.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Gully B on the first day of excavation after sand had been wafted away from the concretion, revealing a telescope and other artefacts (Ben Dunstan). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/443f12f7-01d3-4b21-87d7-de15229c6a32/Boyne+Ben+musket+in+concretion.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out A musket emerging from concretion during excavation of Gully B (Ben Dunstan). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/34e8512a-81cb-4bff-901c-26971161c6de/Boyne+Gully+1+22424+DSCF7031+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out A view of Gully B from the surface in exceptional visibility, showing the protected overhand at the western end that helps to account for the preservation of artefacts protected from the surge and wave oscillations. The gully is approximately 4 metres long (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/43deffcf-5133-44da-b81a-20a19a42eb39/Boyne+Ben+gully+18523+2+GIMP+DSCF6035+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out Ben Dunstan excavating at the western end of Gully B, with the impressions visible in the concretion to his left where artefacts have been removed (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/78d0ad44-442a-4981-8d47-a13721d9dbbe/Boyne+Gully+1+box+22424+DSCF7034+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out A close-up of Gully B during excavation showing the outline of an iron box embedded in concretion, and above it a fragment of wood (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/2d221f66-78ac-4ae7-8fb3-ab6c259f12bb/Boyne+gully+17824+gimped+DSCF7317+compressed.jpg The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out A close-up of Gully B during excavation showing a brass object protruding from concretion (David Gibbins). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/427355ca-1d83-421a-ad00-73152dd4526c/Boyne+Board+of+Enquiry.JPG The Boyne (1873) - Make it stand out The full report of the Board of Inquiry held at Greenwich on the loss of the Boyne, ‘Stranded about one and a half miles N & W of Mullion Cove, near the Lizard, on the 1st of March 1873 (Accounts and Papers of the House of Commons, Vol. 61, 1874, p. 96). http://davidgibbins.com/daughterofattila daily 0.75 2025-07-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/86c556c1-cbae-43fb-b2a6-cc4fe3ecbc18/Daughter+of+Attila+cover+Amazonomachy+modified+2+mod+2+low+com.jpg Daughter of Attila https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/4ba83769-6112-43f2-aebe-922c3cabdd5b/Daughter+of+Attila+cover+image+2+compressed.jpg Daughter of Attila - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5179a19ee4b06ea9dd760b54/33acc9a5-9365-4f95-a21f-6635fa451381/118550001.jpg Daughter of Attila - Make it stand out This image a female Scythian archer, though dating almost a millennium before the setting in my novel, represents the Greek and Roman image of a female barbarian warrior that persisted throughout classical antiquity - including the composite bow that continued to be used by warriors from the eastern steppe in late antiquity (the interior of a cup by the Epiktetos Painter, Athens, late 6th century BC; © The Trustees of the British Museum. Shared under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Sharealike 4.0 (CC By-NC-SA 4.0) license).